Consider the instructions for the use of "Sumamed." The manufacturer of this medication will also be indicated.
"Summamed" is a drug from the category of antibiotics belonging to the last generation. The active component of the drug is azithromycin, which refers to azalides and macrolides. The name "Sumamed" is an international commercial name.
This medicine is considered antimicrobial and has extensive potential for use. Penetrating into the cell pathogenic microbes, it inhibits the protein reaction, affects macrolides. This medication very effectively fights with the overwhelming number of all kinds of pathogenic microscopic organisms. The drug inhibits the activity of cells of pathogenic parasites that produce proteins, in this regard, the presented tool has a high bactericidal activity.
The medication is characterized by a high speed of reaching diseased organs and a long period of exposure, which makes it possible to use it once a day.
Manufacturer "Sumamed"
The company producing this product is a company called PLIVA. Its international name is Azithromycin. The manufacturing country of Sumamed is Croatia.
Release Forms
The formats for implementing this medication are quite diverse, which is directly related to its widespread use. So, the presented pharmaceutical product is manufactured and sold in the form of tablets, suspensions and capsules. For children, a special form of syrup is made.
Suspension
Sumamed from the manufacturer PLIVA can be sold in powder form for the preparation of suspensions intended for internal use by children and adults. It has a white or yellowish color with a characteristic banana flavor. You should carefully read how to use the drug for children correctly in the instructions for use of the Sumamed suspension, which is available in each pack.
Tablets
Pills are supplied in a special coating; they are produced in packs of six or three. They have a bluish color and a rounded shape with a broken marking, which indicates the name of the manufacturer. Instructions for use with Sumamed tablets for adults should be studied.
Capsules
This form of medicine is also available in packs of six. Capsules are stiff and made from a soluble biological substance in the stomach. Their color is blue. In one little thing is a powder mass, characterized by a cream color. This substance is suitable for dilution with a liquid, as a rule, to the state of formation of a colloidal solution. The primary form is a structured powder with the taste and aroma of berries. In addition to the active ingredient, the capsules contain a sweetener, as well as flavorings and food coloring.
To understand in which cases it is advisable to use Sumamed capsules, as well as other forms of release, it is necessary to understand the pharmacological properties of the drug.
Pharmacological properties
This bacteriostatic antibiotic from a series of macrolides and azalides is today widely distributed in the pharmaceutical market. It has a wide range of antimicrobial effects. The mechanism of the main component of azithromycin is directly related to the suppression of protein synthesis of microbial cells. By binding to ribosomes, the drug inhibits peptide translocase at the stage of translation, inhibiting protein synthesis, and at the same time slowing down the reproduction and growth of pathogenic bacteria. In high concentration, it can produce a bactericidal effect.
The drug "Sumamed" from the manufacturer PLIVA is endowed with activity against a number of gram-negative, gram-positive, intracellular, anaerobic and other microorganisms. It must be borne in mind that some parasites can initially be resistant to the effects of this antibiotic and are able to acquire immunity to it. In most cases, Sumamed is active against aerobic bacteria:
- To methicillin-sensitive strains.
- To penicillin-sensitive strains.
- To aerobic gram-negative bacteria and other microorganisms.
Parasites that are particularly capable of developing resistance to this medicine are, first of all, gram-positive aerobes. Staphylococcus strains exhibiting good immunity against macrolides are initially resistant microorganisms.
Pharmacokinetics
What does the instruction to “Sumamed” 500 mg tell us? After taking the medicine inside, its active component is well absorbed, and at the same time it is rapidly distributed in the human body. After a single use in a dosage of 500 mg, the bioavailability is usually thirty-seven percent due to the effect of passing through the liver. The maximum concentration is reached in the blood after three hours and is 0.4 milligrams per liter. This is confirmed by the instructions for use with Sumamed tablets for adults.
Protein binding is inversely proportional to blood plasma concentration. It usually ranges from seven to fifty percent. The therapeutic concentration of the active substance azithromycin can last up to seven days after the last dose. "Sumamed" is displayed mainly in unchanged form. In this case, fifty percent leaves the body through the intestines, and only a small part is excreted by the kidneys.
When is Sumamed prescribed?
Indications for use of this drug are as follows:
- The presence of sinusitis, pharyngitis, tonsillitis in patients.
- The appearance of inflammation of the middle ear and other bacterial infections that occur in the organs of hearing, which are provoked by microscopic organisms that respond to this medication.
- The appearance in patients of bronchitis of an infectious etiology, which proceeds in an acute form.
- Against the background of chronic bronchitis during periods of exacerbation.
- With pneumonia, in the case of an atypical form of the disease, including.
- The presence of diseases of the urinary system, which differ in microbial origin (cervicitis, urethritis).
- With damage to the stomach and intestines by helicobacteria.
How to use the Sumamed capsule and other forms of drug release correctly according to the instructions for use?
Dosage for adults
All dosage forms are intended for oral use. Capsules, as well as suspension, should be taken at least an hour before or two after a meal. As indicated by the instructions for use "Sumamed", tablets for adults can be taken regardless of food. In the presence of migrating erythema, adults are prescribed this drug for five days once a day according to this scheme:
- On the first day, 1000 milligrams (two tablets of 500 milligrams).
- Then, from the second to the fifth, take 1 tablet of Sumamed 500 mg (course dosage is 3000).
In diseases of the stomach or intestines associated with Helicobacteriosis, 1000 milligrams per day is prescribed for three days in combination with antisecretory medications. For sexually transmitted infections:
- Uncomplicated urethritis requires a dose of 1000 milligrams once.
- A complicated form of long-lasting cervicitis caused by chlamydia involves treatment with a dosage of 1000 milligrams of the drug three times with an interval of seven days (that is, on the first, seventh and fourteenth days). The course dose is 3000 milligrams. The instruction for Sumamed tablets must be strictly observed.
The method of preparing the suspension is as follows: 12 milliliters of water are added to the vial that contains the powder (17 grams) (the liquid must be boiled or distilled). The result should be a volume of 23 milliliters of suspension. The shelf life of the prepared medicine is limited to five days.
Before use, the contents of the vial must be thoroughly shaken until a homogeneous mass is obtained. Immediately after taking the medicine, it is recommended that you also drink a few sips of water in order to swallow and rinse the remaining amount of the drug in the oral cavity. After use, the syringe is disassembled, washed with running water, dried and stored in a dry place.
For children
Suspension "Sumamed" 200 is classified as a broad-spectrum antibiotic drug. The advantage of the pharmaceutical agent in question is that it can be prescribed for therapy not only for adults, but also for children, and at any age. Speaking directly about the prescription of this medication for babies, I must say that in this case the drug is given in the form of a suspension. Why this particular dosage form? The fact is that it is much easier to give it to a child, because it has a very pleasant taste and smell of strawberries, which does not cause any negative emotions in young patients.
In addition, in the box with Sumamed 200 suspension there is a special spoon that allows you to give the child exactly the amount of the drug that he needs. As for dosing, in this case, everything directly depends on the weight of the baby. The volume of the necessary medicine is calculated at the rate of ten milligrams per kilogram of weight, and the crumbs are given it for three days. Further, the amount of medication is doubled, and it is taken for another two days. In total, the general course of treatment is five days.
According to the instructions for use, Sumamed suspension for children should be given once a day. It is extremely important not to forget that the use of this drug should be carried out one hour before taking the products or one hundred and twenty minutes after those. The drug in question can be used in the treatment of almost all diseases that differ in inflammatory or infectious nature. Given that Sumamed acts as an antibiotic, parents must regularly monitor the reaction of their baby's body to the use of Sumamed suspension.
Contraindications
According to the instructions "Sumamed" 500 mg, doctors do not recommend using people who have individual reactions to this group of antibacterial drugs. With great caution, the use of this medication should be treated for patients suffering from kidney and liver dysfunction.
Contraindication is the bearing of the fetus and lactation. True, in some situations, under such conditions, the use of Sumamed tablets is possible. But only on condition that the condition of the mother is in fact very serious and there is no way to do without this medication. In any case, we must not forget about the potential danger to the child.
Side effects
Like all antibiotics, Sumamed cannot help without a trace in the disease, and therefore often provokes certain unwanted manifestations from various body systems. Let's consider them in more detail:
- The appearance of a nervous system disorder in the form of dizziness, convulsions, cephalalgia, tingling sensations, burning on the skin, creeping creeps, drowsiness, powerlessness, insomnia. Among other things, increased motor activity is possible in combination with aggressiveness, nervousness and anxiety.
- Malfunction of the circulatory and lymphatic systems, which is manifested by a decrease in the number of platelets (thrombocytopenia) and neutrophilic leukocytes (neutropenia).
- The occurrence of disorders of the organs of perception, we are talking about reversible hearing loss, deafness, tinnitus, a violation of taste sensitivity.
- Problems with the normal functioning of the digestive system. In this case, stool disorder (constipation, diarrhea) can be observed along with nausea, abdominal pain and cramping, flatulence, anorexia (i.e. lack of appetite), and discoloration of the tongue. In addition, inflammation of the large intestine in the form of pseudomembranous colitis is not excluded. Some people sometimes have cholestatic jaundice due to a violation of the bile outflow, hepatitis and a change in the laboratory liver test. Liver failure is likely, along with necrosis.
- Cardiac and vascular system: may respond to the use of this drug by rhythm disturbance (arrhythmia, palpitations, ventricular tachycardia), extension of the QT interval.
- An allergic reaction should include angioedema syndrome (while swelling of the face, tongue and lips with respiratory failure). Itching is possible along with rashes, urticaria, photosensitivity (sensitivity to the sun), anaphylactic shock (in rare cases, fatal), erythema multiforme, allergic contact dermatitis and the like.
- Urogenital disorders are expressed in the occurrence of nephritis and acute kidney failure.
- The motor apparatus may respond to arthralgia (joint pain) when taking medication.
- Other side effects include candidiasis (fungal infection) and vaginitis (vaginal inflammation).
Drug interaction
"Sumamed" from the manufacturer is one of the antibiotic drugs that are a representative of the macrolide category. The medication under consideration in pharmaceuticals is famous, first of all, for the fact that it is characterized not only by a strong, but really powerful antimicrobial effect. This effect makes it possible to use this therapeutic drug in the fight against almost any microscopic organisms.
Despite the fact that Sumamed is a good tool, it must be used with great care. Particular attention in this case needs to be paid to its interaction with other drugs. It must be remembered that Sumamed is longer absorbed when used in parallel with antacids, which include substances in the form of magnesium and aluminum. It is in this regard that in order for both drugs to have the necessary effect, they need to be taken with a certain time difference of about one or two hours.
With great caution, one should also consider the use of this medication in combination with such a pharmaceutical preparation as, for example, Warfarin. In the event that Sumamed was prescribed to the patient along with Ergotamine or Dihydroergotamine, then one must prepare for the fact that the last means can cause intoxication at any time.
You can not use the drug in question at the same time as Heparin. The interaction of these two drugs can lead to very serious health problems. And another thing: when using the described medication, you should never drink alcohol, because alcohol is incompatible with it. Thus, in the process of treatment, it is necessary to observe a healthy lifestyle.
Overdose
In accordance with the instructions for Sumamed tablets for adults, in case of an overdose, patients may experience various unpleasant phenomena in the form of urges to vomit, diarrhea and short-term deafness. What to do in a similar situation? First of all, it is necessary to carry out a gastric lavage, and then report the incident to the doctor. Before you start taking the medicine, you should stipulate with the doctor a list of medicines that are used in this period of time. You can not combine any drugs with "Sumamed" without first consulting a therapist.
Terms and conditions of storage
The drug in question must be stored, as well as transported strictly in the original factory packaging in compliance with the established temperature regime (from fifteen to twenty-five degrees). In this case, there should be no low humidity, it should be observed that there is no direct sunlight. According to the instructions, parents must ensure the safety of children by restricting access to this medicine.
The shelf life of tablets, as well as capsules, is three years, the powder for the preparation of suspensions can be stored for twenty-four months. The finished solution can not be kept for more than five days. It is forbidden to use this medicine after the expiration of the indicated expiration date.
Reviews on the use of Sumamed
The presented pharmaceutical preparation causes a different attitude in patients. I must say that many consumers are quite happy with its effectiveness, but among the reviews you can find some complaints. Let's start with the positive aspects of this medicine. So, the patients who were treated with Sumamed mention the following strengths:
- Fast efficiency. It is reported that already on the first day of admission, the condition improves markedly.
- Short course of admission. As noted, it is enough to take only three tablets to achieve recovery.
- There are few contraindications, in connection with which the medicine is suitable for almost everyone.
- Ease of use due to the presence of a large number of different forms of release.
With regard to negative reviews, they can read the following complaints:
- High price.The fact is that the cost of this medication in pharmacies ranges from two hundred to five hundred rubles, depending on the dosage. Currently, you can find no less effective antibiotics at more attractive prices.
- Many side effects. First of all, patients complain of headaches, nausea, digestive problems, fatigue and various allergic reactions. Thus, judging by the reviews, each person who happened to take this remedy for treatment felt some unpleasant manifestations of the tablets on themselves.
- It is reported that some did not manage to achieve an effect during treatment because of the resistance of the pathogenic microorganisms that caused the disease. In this case, it is worth talking about the inappropriate use of Sumamed. In this regard, it is required that the choice of medication is always done exclusively by the attending physician, otherwise self-medication leads to a lack of results from taking antibiotics.
- The fact that this is an antibiotic, which means a blow to the body, is inevitable in any case, since antibacterial drugs as a whole cannot be easily tolerated by the human body.
Thus, this medicine, despite some shortcomings, according to consumers, is a good medicine in the fight against various diseases, ranging from sinusitis, pharyngitis, tonsillitis, ending with infections that occur in the respiratory system, chronic bronchitis, pneumonia, and so on.