Complex cases of mixed types of diseases are difficult to diagnose and even more treat. This type of inflammatory process includes manifestations of mixed infection in children. This name refers to several viruses and bacteria that have a simultaneous mutual effect on the health of the child.
For each mixed type of disease, a special approach to testing is being developed. Mixed infection is characterized by distorted indicators when using ELISA and PCR methods. Often you need to pay off the symptoms of one virus or bacteria in order to proceed with the treatment of the second.
The problem of mixed viruses and bacteria
Among the popular sexually transmitted diseases, bacterial mixed infections stand out, the treatment of which is complicated due to various combinations:
- chlamydia;
- ureaplasma;
- gardnerell;
- mycoplasmas;
- gonococcal viruses;
- candida;
- Trichomonas.
Viruses are added to the bacterial manifestations, they should also be taken into account when choosing the type of complex therapy and the type of drugs. An incorrect diagnostic approach will lead to false positive or false negative results. They will be treated, after which there will be a relapse.
Particular attention is paid in cases where a mixed infection is detected in children. The young body is sensitive to strong antibiotics, and they do not need an extra dose of drugs. During the diagnosis of health conditions, tests are prescribed for an extensive list of viruses.
What happens when bacteria and viruses mix?
A mixed infection in a child can occur when the following pairs are mixed:
- bacteria - bacteria;
- bacteria - viruses;
- viruses - viruses;
- parasites - bacteria;
- parasites - parasites;
- parasites - viruses;
- more complex derivatives.
If mono-infections have long been studied, the main symptoms of diseases have been experimentally established, then a mixed infection can manifest itself as you like. The following types of development scenarios are possible:
- infections of the same type can inhibit each other and pass completely asymptomatically and without complications;
- complex combinations of viruses, bacteria and parasites give rise to new conditions that cannot be diagnosed;
- inhibition of acute symptoms manifested during monoinfection occurs due to the stimulation of the body's immune forces by one species;
- more often there is a rapid development of severe symptoms, which are affected by the simultaneous administration of a large number of drugs.
What to expect after mixing bacteria and viruses?
As a result of complex combinations, including even two types of microorganisms, a new mixed infection is formed. The determination of symptoms begins with a diagnosis of the general condition of the body. Each person will have their own signs of the inflammatory process after infection.
Severe symptoms are observed only in a small number of people, in others the inflammation passes according to its own scenario. But the relationship of infections has been established, when it is possible with a small degree of probability to say that inhibition or increase of acute conditions will occur. So, they produce mixed infections that complement each other:
- measles with diphtheria;
- meningococcal infection + flu;
- streptococci and tuberculosis;
- paratyphoid + typhoid fever.
However, the addition of symptoms does not occur according to the simple law of addition, but according to the constantly changing nature of development. This complicates the formation of disease statistics, and in each case, an individual approach to the treatment of the patient is developed.
Triple bacteria mix
Often a mixed infection is formed under the influence of:
- ureaplasma;
- chlamydia;
- mycoplasmas.
These three types of bacteria are easily transmitted sexually between women and men. They also affect the structure of the fetus in pregnant women and can go to the unborn baby at birth.
Diagnosis before pregnancy must necessarily include an extensive list of infections to exclude the development of complications. The listed types of bacteria were almost always accompanied by candida and gardnerella in women. Treatment began with the destruction of the last microorganisms, the transition to stronger antibiotics was carried out later.
Mixed types of bacteria and viruses acquire unknown forms, manifested by new symptoms. The consequences of such conditions almost always become another relapse. Triple attack immunity is often unstable.
Bacteria transfer by insects
The northern regions of the country with dense vegetation have a huge number of people who had a mixed mixed infection: pneumococcus, meningoencephalitis, tick borreliosis. These three types of diseases are difficult to diagnose with this combination due to the small cases of observations of patients with acute conditions. Only a few of them can be distinguished:
- The development of the inflammatory process occurs rapidly, with manifestations of febrile states.
- Often a lesion of articular tissue is formed.
- An increase in body temperature is accompanied by headache and vomiting.
With a mixed type, it is not possible to diagnose with accurate indicators. Treatment begins with course therapy, including drugs against all pathogens. The picture of the disease appears only after 14 days.
Virus mixing
A strong decrease in immunity in children occurred if a mixed-herpetic infection appeared. Examination of patients was carried out with two types of viruses:
- Epstein-Barra + cytomegalovirus.
- Epstein-Barra + herpes simplex type.
Two types of viruses exacerbated the symptoms of mono-infections. During observations, the main acute conditions were identified:
- Disturbances in the brain, a cerebral symptom develops in children.
- There are problems producing lymphocytes.
- The risk of acquiring other viruses and bacteria is increased. The body becomes weak before the attack of external microorganisms.
- The occurrence of internal problems in the digestive system: the initial development of ulcers, erosion of the internal walls of organs.
- An increase in the recurrence of herpes infections.
- Increased risk of developing upper respiratory tract diseases.
- Disturbances in the work of the heart and central nervous system.
- There is also a problem with the movement of white blood cells.
Herpesvirus mixed infection is extremely dangerous for pregnant women and people with immune system diseases. However, from numerous observations, effective methods of treatment were established with the correct diagnosis.
Airway Complications
A mixed infection stands out: pneumonia + fungi (yeast-like or moldy) or a combination with other microorganisms. Bacterial-viral mixing in some cases leads to a mutual suppression of symptoms, while a separate species would lead to more acute conditions.
So, a regular cough with a thorough examination can be a combination of dangerous bacteria that need to be destroyed before the growth of the most prevailing infection begins. The following types of viruses and bacteria are dangerous mixes:
- diagnosed with acute respiratory viral disease;
- chlamydia detected in the lungs;
- revealed focal pneumonia;
- toxoplasma.
A mixture of all these conditions led to deaths. For the correct treatment, a phased effect on the most active component with periodic re-analyzes of the tests on pathogens is selected. These methods often did not help, and children had severe consequences from mixed infection:
- a sharp increase in temperature above 39 degrees;
- vomiting, nausea, shortness of breath;
- diarrhea gave way to constipation;
- focal lesions of the upper respiratory tract were observed;
- pathological changes in internal organs.
The problem of diagnosing mixed bacteria and viruses
During severe symptoms of monoinfections, diagnosis is necessary in relation to all possible pathogens. But such methods of examining patients are very expensive, and not everyone can afford it. In practice, tests for the main viruses and bacteria are more often prescribed. Sometimes the possibility of parasitic complications without laboratory methods is excluded.
As a result of narrowly targeted treatment for one type of pathogen in humans, the inflammatory process in a complicated form is repeated in the future. To date, mixed infections have not been fully studied, in this field of medicine will have to deal with new types of associations of viruses, bacteria and parasites.
Mixed etiology in babies
The problem of mixed infections is especially acute in the treatment of newborn children. Attention is paid to the study of the state of the organism of the still developing fetus. Intrauterine infection leads to the most sad consequences for expectant mothers. Children become inferior, have pathologies in their development.
The causes of deaths of newborns is an incomplete examination for pathogens of a disease state. Often, treatment is carried out in relation to the most common bacteria and viruses without taking into account their mutual influence. Allocate a systematic flow of patients with mixed infection formed by the following types of pathogens:
- herpes simplex viruses + cytomegalovirus;
- herpes simplex viruses + Epstein-Barr + cytomegalovirus.
These combinations of infections are found in more than 50% of newborns.
The right treatment
Pathological complications in babies can be excluded only by a comprehensive examination of a huge number of pathogens. And diagnostic methods include several types of tests for the same type of infection. Re-examination takes place in the same place where positive results were revealed. This is the requirement of doctors to eliminate false indicators.
The treatment technique is built taking into account the following factors:
- mutual influence of antibiotics on each other;
- the use of antibacterial and antiviral drugs, excluding increased side effects;
- treatment of the most active form with subsequent retake for detected infections.