Cases of acute mushroom poisoning are recorded annually in our country; their peak occurs at the end of summer. Mushroom poisoning is much harder than other food poisoning. Patients with symptoms of poisoning, as a rule, seek emergency medical attention. In this case, improper treatment can be fatal. The most difficult to tolerate mushroom poisoning is children and the elderly.
The alkaloids that make up the poisonous fungi affect the cardiovascular system, often affecting the digestive tract and kidneys, central nervous system and liver. Mushroom poisoning is usually accidental and often family-related. The first signs of mushroom poisoning appear in the range from
half an hour to one day.
Allocate poisoning with a short (up to 3 hours) and a long incubation period. Different types of mushrooms cause different symptoms, including diarrhea, vomiting and nausea, hallucinations and cramps, shortness of breath, swelling, and many others. In severe poisoning often occurs
delirium, agitation, confusion, and muscle tremor. Without
appropriate treatment, the patient may die within a few hours.
Properly selected therapeutic tactics, as a rule, lead to recovery in
for several days.
Mushroom poisoning should be thoroughly investigated in order to find out the possible number of victims. It is also necessary to establish the type of mushrooms that caused the poisoning, the method of processing and volume.
Mushroom poisoning treatment
First aid should be aimed at removing poisonous mushrooms from the body.
Regardless of the time of consumption of mushrooms, the stomach is washed with a probe
a large amount of water, and then activated carbon is introduced in an amount
30-50 gr. Salt laxative is also used internally, siphons are used
or cleansing enemas. Then conduct forced diuresis, compensating
fluid loss by heavy drinking of Ringer's solution. With seizures
A 0.5% diazepam solution is administered. In the event of a coma and paralysis of the respiratory center, intubation and mechanical ventilation are performed.
If you suspect poisoning with the toadstools of the patient, it is necessary to urgently hospitalize. In stationary conditions, hemosorption or
hemodialysis, coagulation of blood is corrected. In case of poisoning with fly agaric
0.1% atropine is introduced in solution.
Poison Prevention
Mushrooms are a product that is difficult to digest in the human intestines. They are categorically not recommended for use by nursing mothers and pregnant women. Mushrooms are also contraindicated in children under 7 years of age, regardless
time and method of cooking dishes with mushrooms. This is due to the fact that children's
the body is more susceptible to toxins, as it does not have
perfect detox mechanism. In addition, it should be remembered that with the same amount of mushrooms eaten per unit mass of the child, a higher level of toxin occurs.
First aid
Regardless of the severity of mushroom poisoning, the victim must be immediately taken to a hospital or a doctor should be called. Before providing medical care, the patient is vomited, an enema is given. The stomach is washed with a weak soda solution or a solution of potassium permanganate of a pale pink color. To cleanse the intestines, castor oil is used, which is introduced into the stomach with the last portion of warm water, which is used for washing. As a drink, the patient is recommended to give milk or salted water. The remains of the food that caused the poisoning are stored for the necessary analyzes.