Systolic and diastolic pressure are important characteristics of the circulatory and cardiovascular systems of the human body. The lower indicator - diastolic pressure - indicates the value of this parameter at the moment of relaxation (diastole) of the heart. Systolic pressure corresponds to the moment of blood supply to the arteries (systole) and is the highest number of blood pressure.
Unfortunately, in many people of a younger age, lower blood pressure is increased (diastolic value). The reason for this is the notorious stress, negative emotions, the influence of external factors. During such phenomena, the speed of blood circulation and, accordingly, the pressure on the arteries increase. Its value depends on the degree of patency of peripheral arteries, the elasticity of their walls and the frequency of pulsations.
The optimal ratio is the ratio of the upper and lower values of blood pressure - 120/80 mm RT. Art. Each person, due to his physiological characteristics, these figures may vary slightly. Exceeding their values over 140/90 mm RT. Art. considered the onset of hypertension. This increases the risk of diseases such as myocardial infarction and stroke. The difference in systolic and diastolic pressure is considered normal with a value of 30-40 units. This difference is called pulse pressure.
Increased diastolic pressure
Temporary increase in lower pressure in certain situations is not particularly dangerous. If the pressure is increased (diastolic) and does not decrease for a long time, it is necessary to be examined by specialists. With a stable increase in this indicator by 5 mm RT. Art. the risk of myocardial infarction increases by 20% and stroke by 30%.
High lower pressure can occur due to diseases of the kidneys, adrenal glands, endocrine organs, heart disease, as well as the formation of a tumor in the body. With a decrease in blood flow, the kidneys produce a substance renin, which is biologically active. The tone of the muscles of the arteries increases, the result is increased pressure. Diastolic pressure in this regard is sometimes called renal.
But these are only common causes of abnormal lower pressure, and other factors influence its rate. To clarify the true nature of the phenomenon, it is necessary to undergo an examination, including the study of hormonal levels, biochemical analyzes of urine, blood, and so on.
If the blood pressure is 120/100 or 130/115 mmHg. Art., then the lower pressure is increased (diastolic) with normal systolic. Such indicators are called isolated diastolic pressure. It is quite dangerous, since the heart in this case is in prolonged tension, which leads to impaired blood flow in his muscle.
As a result, blood vessels lose their elasticity, their permeability is violated. If pathological changes in the heart muscle become irreversible, this leads to the formation of blood clots.
After identifying the nature of the disease, specialists should prescribe appropriate medications, which can be combined with the use of medicinal charges of antihypertensive and sedative effects.
Low diastolic pressure
When the diastolic pressure is low (less than 60 mm Hg), it can be both a variant of the norm and a pathological phenomenon - hypotension. This, in turn, may be the result of another chronic disease, allergic process, or endocrine pathology.
Such an indicator of lower pressure is found in 5% of men and women of middle and even young age and may not affect health in any way. But with a stable low value, you must consult a doctor. This can be especially dangerous for pregnant women.