One of the important organs of the immune and lymphatic system are tonsils located in the nasopharynx and oral cavity. Acting as defenders of the body, they are the first to meet all viral infections and inhibit their further penetration inside. In the pharynx, there are six tonsils:
- pharyngeal - from above;
- linguistic - under the root of the tongue;
- two trumpets - deep in the pharynx;
- two palatines (called "glands") - on the sides of the pharynx.
The reasons for the appearance of white dots on the glands
On the glands, white dots appear when the body collides with a strong infection or because of a significant decrease in immunity.
This circumstance is due to the failure of the functions of the lymphatic tissue, which is inherently a barrier to bacteria and viruses when they enter the respiratory tract. There may be several reasons for this:
- the presence in the throat of a chronic focus of infection (stomatitis, caries, sinusitis and others);
- impaired functioning of the immune system;
- anatomical features. For example, the curvature of the nasal septum can lead to improper breathing, the cooled air will not pass through the nasal passages (as expected), but through the mouth.
How to independently determine if there are white dots on the glands? The assumption can be confirmed by several essential signs, namely: itching in the throat with an accompanying sensation of discomfort, painful swallowing, coughing, and fever.
How are white dots formed on the glands?
White spots and pus on the tonsils are formed as a result of the accumulation of food debris and bacteria that decompose it in the lacunae of the tonsils. The latter produce hydrogen sulfide, which leads to the appearance of an unpleasant odor with a rotten tint from the mouth. Tonsils, for this reason, can hurt and swell, which creates a persistent feeling of the presence of foreign objects in the throat. Since tonsils themselves become a breeding ground for infection, there is a high risk of developing complications of the disease that can lead to rheumatism of the joints, inflammation of the lungs, oropharynx, middle ear, and allergic reactions. White points on glands without temperature can be a consequence of poor and irregular oral hygiene.
Tonsillitis: forms of the disease
On the glands, white dots are a sign of tonsillitis - a dangerous disease of the upper respiratory tract caused by a viral or bacterial infection and affecting one or more tonsils. An unfavorable consequence of the disease can be the ingress of microbes into the general blood flow, which leads to the appearance of infectious foci in other internal organs. If white dots are found on the glands, how to treat them correctly and effectively?
Catarrhal tonsillitis is considered the easiest form, since it affects only the outer shell of the tonsils, as a result of which the latter redden and swell. On the glands, white dots will be clearly visible with the follicular and lacunar form of angina.
How does the disease go?
Tonsillitis proceeds in several stages, starting with an asymptomatic incubation period, which may be accompanied by headache and increased fatigue. Then it sharply goes into the main stage of the disease, accompanied by the appearance of severe pain in the throat and a high temperature that can reach 40 ° C. Pus accumulates in the gaps (folds) of the tonsils and resembles corks in the tonsils in shape.
Symptoms of tonsillitis
Symptoms of tonsillitis are quite severe and are accompanied by:
- redness and enlargement of the tonsils;
- the appearance on the glands of white dots, spots and purulent plugs;
- soreness and enlargement of the lymph nodes;
- headaches;
- general weakness;
- pain when swallowing;
- dryness, perspiration, sore throat;
- coughing
- halitosis;
- decreased performance;
- fever;
- sleep impairment;
- pain in the cervical lymph nodes.
With untimely treatment, acute inflammation of the tonsils quickly becomes chronic and can worsen several times a year, adversely affecting the general physical condition, working capacity, and mental activity. Therefore, it is better to timely treat the inflamed tonsils, having spent 7-10 days on this process, than to treat the chronic form of the disease within a few months. If the throat is sore, there are white spots on the tonsils, how to cure the disease quickly and effectively?
Tonsil Treatment
How to treat tonsils? Treatment of inflamed tonsils is complex and is as follows.
It is necessary to organize bed rest, and the first few days of illness are better not to get out of bed at all. It is important to gargle to neutralize most of the bacteria.
Effective use of pharmacy antiseptic solutions or a decoction of calendula or sage, able to remove plugs in the glands.
Washing is an ideal method that can relieve even the most severe sore throat. White dots on the glands in a child and an adult are simply washed out of the throat. A saline solution will help, for the preparation of which you need to dilute a teaspoon of salt in a glass of warm water. The therapeutic composition is recommended to be drawn into a syringe and irrigated tonsils. Effectively remove the white dots and pus on the glands solution "Furacilina", prepared at the rate of 2 tablets per glass of water. Painful plaque from the tonsils can be removed manually: a finger or a long stick should be wrapped with a bandage, moisten it in a medical solution and wipe the damaged areas.
The dressing, which will be removed plaque, should always be fresh.
It helps to irrigate the mucosa with disinfectant solutions (Rinoval, Hexoral, Furatsillina solution) and the use of sucking tablets containing menthol (Strepsils, Faringosept).
It is better to give preference to washing, since with this method of treatment, bacteria with toxins are washed out, and when sucking tablets, they are swallowed.
Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are prescribed for treatment, the action of which is aimed at eliminating the fever and pain during swallowing (Ibuprofen, Paracetomol).
The use of antibiotics helps with the follicular or lacunar form of the disease ("Erythromycin", "Ampicillin", "Summamed", "Amoxiclav"). The duration of antibiotic therapy should be at least 7 days. Otherwise, untreated tonsillitis can become chronic or develop into the most formidable complication - rheumatism. Such a disease affects the valvular apparatus of the heart, joints, leads to the development of heart failure and heart defects. The result of not completely cured tonsillitis can be a kidney disease - pyelonephritis or glomerulonephritis. The appointment of antibacterial drugs should be carried out by the attending physician.
Be sure to observe bed rest during the treatment process, which can protect the patient from numerous complications of purulent tonsillitis.
Also, throughout the course of therapy, a plentiful warm drink is recommended: herbal decoctions, fruit drinks, tea with currant leaves or lemon. Food should be sparing, with lots of vitamins.
Inhalation treatment
An additional method of therapeutic effect on diseased tonsils is inhalation, which can be carried out in the physiotherapy treatment room and at home using a nebulizer. Recommended solutions for inhalation are decoctions of medicinal plants with antiseptic and antibacterial effects (sage, chamomile, oak bark, pine buds, peppermint), alcohol solution of propolis, alcohol and Chlorophyllipta oil solution, alkaline mineral waters, mucolytic agents.
How to treat tonsils at home?
Alternative methods of treating a sore throat recommend breathing 5-10 minutes over potatoes cooked “in their uniforms”. You can boil a crushed head of garlic in a liter of water; as soon as the water begins to boil, add a teaspoon of baking soda and inhale. Breathing over the pan is recommended three times a day.
An effective method for diseased tonsils is gargling with beetroot juice. To a glass of finished product you need to add a tablespoon of vinegar. The procedure is carried out 5-6 times a day.
A good result in the treatment of a sore throat is observed when rinsing with basil oil, a few drops of which it is recommended to dilute in a glass of boiled water, rinse 3-4 times a day.
Prevention of white dots on the glands
To prevent the appearance of white dots on the glands, it is recommended to monitor your own hygiene, maintain cleanliness in the mouth and nose. Eat foods thoroughly washed. Hygiene is also required in dwellings and workrooms: carry out regular wet cleaning, constantly ventilate.
Be sure to control the diet. When the body receives a sufficient amount of vitamins, fatty acids and trace elements, harmful microorganisms and bacteria are less likely to penetrate inside. For preventive purposes, it is recommended that you gargle with decoctions of herbs.