Cavinton is a pharmacological agent that improves blood microcirculation and metabolism in the brain. The drug is used in neurology for combination therapy to prevent poor cerebral circulation. What are the contraindications and side effects of Cavinton?
Release form
Produce:
- Tablets - 5 mg.
- Cavinton forte tablets - 10 mg.
- Concentrate for solution for infusion.
The tablets are rounded, milky or white. The active ingredient is vinpocetine, its concentration in one pill is 5 milligrams. In addition, the composition of the drug includes additional substances, which include:
- Magnesium salt of stearic acid.
- Lactose Monohydrate.
- Silica.
- Starch.
- Talc.
The medication is packaged in blisters of 25 pieces. A total of 50 tablets per pack.
Pharmacological properties
Vinpocetine has a combined effect on brain tissue, which includes a number of effects, for example:
- Increased elimination of glucose and oxygen.
- Increased resistance of neurocytes to reduced oxygen supply.
- Improving the transport of glucose from blood to brain tissue across the blood-brain barrier.
- An increase in the content of adenosine triphosphoric acid in the tissues of the structures of the nervous system, which is considered the main source of energy.
- Antioxidant effect due to activation of the ascending branch of the noradrenergic system.
- Reducing the adhesion of platelets, which leads to increased rheological properties of blood.
- Improving the ability of red blood cells to change, which contributes to their passage in the vessels of the microvasculature.
The active substance improves microcirculation of the brain without affecting the general indicators of the functional activity of the cardiovascular system.
After taking the drug orally, vinpocetine is rapidly and completely absorbed into the blood from the lumen of the upper digestive organs. It evenly spreads through the tissues of the body, passes well through the blood-brain barrier.
The active component of the drug is excreted to a greater extent with urine, partly with feces. The elimination half-life varies from 4 to 5 hours.
What is the drug for?
The use of "Cavinton" is indicated for the combined treatment of a number of diseases, which include:
- Ischemic stroke (impaired microcirculation of the brain with impaired brain tissue, as well as its functions as a result of difficulty or stopping the flow of blood to one or another department).
- Cerebral atherosclerosis (a pathological process in which the arteries of the brain are affected by cholesterol plaques).
- Transient ischemic attack (a temporary violation of cerebral circulation, which leads to impaired functioning of the brain with their subsequent recovery).
- Vegetovascular dystonia (a complex of functional disorders, which is based on a violation of the regulation of vascular tone by the autonomic nervous system).
- Vascular dementia (a disorder characterized by a persistent decrease in intelligence and impaired social adaptation).
- Post-traumatic or hypertensive encephalopathy (a chronic lesion of the brain tissue, which is characterized by cerebral hemodynamics in patients with prolonged, poorly controlled hypertension).
- Ophthalmic pathology.
- Occlusion of an artery or vein of the retina (clogging of the central vein or artery of the retina with an embolus or thrombus).
- Pathology of the inner ear.
In addition, the drug is used for hearing impairment and the presence of idiopathic noise in the organs of hearing.
What limitations exist
The use of the drug is contraindicated in a number of pathological and physiological conditions of the body, which include:
- An acute course of hemorrhagic stroke (an acute violation of cerebral microcirculation with a breakthrough of blood vessels and cerebral hemorrhage).
- Severe course of coronary heart disease (organic and functional damage to the muscles of the heart, provoked by a deficiency or interruption of myocardial blood supply).
- Breast-feeding.
- Severe forms of arrhythmia (a pathology that leads to a malfunction in the frequency, as well as the rhythm and sequence of excitation and contraction of the myocardium).
- Aneurysm of the brain (a small abnormal formation in the vessels).
- Increased sensitivity to the active component of the drug or additional substances.
- Violation of the splitting or absorption of lactose.
- Pregnancy.
- Angina pectoris (attacks of sharply arising chest pain that arise as a result of an acute shortage of blood supply to the heart muscle).
- Age to 18 years.
Before starting Cavinton therapy, you need to make sure that there are no restrictions on admission.
How to take medicine
The tablets should be taken orally after a meal. They are taken as a whole, without chewing, washed down with water. The average daily dosage varies from 15 to 30 milligrams, it is divided into 3 uses.
The initial concentration is 15 mg. The pharmacological effect is manifested on average a week after the start of treatment. The average duration of therapy ranges from 1 to 3 months. With pathology of the kidneys or liver, there is no need to reduce the concentration of the active substance "Cavinton".
Pediatric Use
Officially, the drug is not prescribed for the treatment of children, as it can provoke serious side effects. According to the instructions, "Cavinton" is contraindicated for this category of patients, but in exceptional cases, doctors prescribe it. For example, to eliminate seizures in small patients, an intravenous solution is used.
The maximum allowed daily dosage is 8-10 milligrams (maximum 1 mg per kilogram of weight). Therapy is carried out for some time, after which they switch to tablets - they can be used for 1-3 months. Parents of children note that, as a rule, the medication is well tolerated by babies, but sometimes anxiety and sleep impairment are manifested.
The main indications for the use of "Cavinton" in children is the elimination of hearing loss, vision problems that are provoked by vascular pathologies. In addition, this medication is included in the complex treatment of epileptic disorders.
Indications and side effects of "Cavinton" during pregnancy and lactation
The drug during the period of gestation is prohibited, since vinpocetine crosses the placenta. Moreover, its level in it and in the blood of the fetus is lower than in the blood of a pregnant woman. At high drug concentrations, placental bleeding or spontaneous abortion is possible.
Within an hour, 0.25% of the drug taken penetrates into the milk. When using Cavinton, lactation must be stopped. Medication is very rarely prescribed for children under 18 years of age.
"Cavinton" at the IRR
Despite the fact that the effectiveness for the elimination of neurocirculatory dystonia has not yet been confirmed, nevertheless, it is believed that this drug has a good pharmacological effect in this ailment.
Factors that cause the development of vegetative-vascular dystonia include brain injuries, as well as chronic intoxication with harmful substances, overwork, abuse of drugs that narrow the brain capillaries.
Cavinton helps reduce spasm of blood vessels and enhances brain resistance to various toxic substances. In addition, the drug lowers blood pressure, which, as a rule, is increased during attacks of vegetative-vascular dystonia, according to patients' reviews.
Side Effects of Cavinton Forte
The use of the drug can lead to the occurrence of negative reactions from different systems of the body, they include:
- Dry mouth.
- Heartburn.
- Nausea.
- Tachycardia (a sharp increase in heart rate).
- Extrasystole (a violation of the heart rhythm, which is characterized by extraordinary contractions of the heart or its individual parts).
- Arterial hypotension (a prolonged condition of the body, which is caused by low blood pressure and various autonomic disorders).
What other undesirable reactions can Cavinton tablets provoke? The side effects are as follows:
- Phlebitis (an inflammatory process in the walls of a vein).
- Insomnia (disturbances in the functioning of the "biological clock" which are responsible for the alternation of wakefulness and dreaming).
- Increased drowsiness.
- General weakness.
- Migraine (a neurological disease characterized by periodic or regular bouts of headache on one side).
- Vertigo (a disease that is known as dizziness, it is characteristic of ear pathology or, less commonly, brain damage).
- Redness of the skin.
- Rashes.
- Itching
- Quincke's angioedema (a reaction to the effects of various biological and chemical factors, often having an allergic etiology).
- Anaphylactic shock (immediate type allergy, a state of sharply increased body sensitivity).
What undesirable reactions can develop when using droppers with "Cavinton"? Side effects in this case are manifested in the form of increased sweating. The occurrence of unwanted reactions is considered a reason for lowering the concentration of the active substance or for the complete withdrawal of the drug.
Application features
"Cavinton" is an effective medication that is used to eliminate various vascular diseases. In most situations, medical specialists prescribe it for the prevention of strokes.
The effect of the drug on blood pressure is negligible - it is used in the treatment of hypertension. When will the side effects end after the cancellation of "Cavinton"? In most situations, adverse reactions are temporary and occur almost immediately after discontinuation of therapy.
Before starting Cavinton therapy, you should carefully familiarize yourself with the annotation to the drug. There are a number of features that you need to pay attention to. These include:
- Changes in the electrocardiogram in the form of an extension of the QT interval, which requires regular monitoring of the functioning of the heart.
- One tablet contains about 41 milligrams of lactose, which is important for people with carbohydrate breakdown and absorption disorders.
- Fructose intolerance is considered the basis for drug withdrawal.
- The drug does not affect the speed of psychomotor reactions and the ability to concentrate.
In pharmacies, tablets are dispensed with a prescription from a medical specialist.
Analogs
According to the active component and pharmacological action with "Cavinton" are similar:
- "Vinpocetine".
- "Actovegin".
- Telektol.
- Mexidol.
- Cinnarizine.
- "Corsavin."
- Bravinton
Before changing the drug, it is recommended to consult a specialist.
Drug interaction
When used together, there is no interaction with Chloranolol, Pindolol, Clopamide, Glibenclamide, Digoxin, Acenocoumarol or Hydrochlorothiazide. In certain situations, concomitant use with alpha methyldopa is accompanied by an increase in antihypertensive effect, and when using this combination, constant monitoring of blood pressure is necessary.
The concentrate for the manufacture of a solution for infusion and heparin are chemically incompatible, however, it is possible to simultaneously administer therapy with anticoagulants and Vinpocetine. The concentrate is incompatible with infusion solutions that contain an amino acid.
Cavinton and alcohol
The drug and alcoholic beverages have poor compatibility, since such an interaction on the human body is different and contradictory. If you neglect this rule, the consequences can be disastrous. According to the instructions for use with Cavinton, side effects in this situation most often occur on the part of the heart.
Therefore, after drinking alcohol, you must wait time to eliminate it. You can take alcohol-containing drinks when the course of therapy is completed.
Storage
The shelf life of the tablets is 60 months from the date of their manufacture. Cavinton should be kept in a dry, inaccessible place for children at an air temperature in the range from 15 to 30 degrees Celsius.
Opinions
Reviews about the drug are mixed. Patients who took Cavinton narrate that it helps, but at the same time there are sayings that no positive effect from therapy was noticed. The advantage is the low cost of the drug. In addition, patients note the occurrence of adverse reactions.
It must be remembered that the drug "Cavinton" is forbidden to give children. But at the same time, doctors still risk and prescribe this medication to small patients. The responses of the parents tell that when children take the drug, unwanted side effects appear, such as irritability and insomnia.
According to patients' reviews of Cavinton, side effects most often occur in the form of high blood pressure. Some doctors still note this condition in their patients.
And yet, in most cases, the drug is well tolerated, but since it not only decreases, but sometimes also increases arterial parameters, it cannot be used for people with unstable pressure.
According to reviews, during the use of the drug, it is necessary to completely abandon the intake of alcoholic beverages, drugs based on ethyl alcohol. Since Cavinton provokes vasodilation, alcohol will be absorbed into the blood much faster. According to reviews of Cavinton, side effects after cancellation are eliminated quickly.