In critical situations, our body reacts unpredictably. This is due to changes in the work of the autonomic nervous system. As a result, acute conditions develop - crises. They are characterized by severe disturbances in the functioning of internal organs. There are several varieties of crises. All of them are considered dangerous, and require urgent treatment. If help is not provided on time, death can occur . Allocate sympathoadrenal, hypertonic, vagoinsular crisis. Symptoms, treatment, and diagnosis of these conditions are described in this article.
The concept of vaginal crisis
As you know, the autonomic nervous system controls the work of almost all internal organs. Under the influence of strong irritants, its functioning is disrupted. As a result, disruptions in the body occur. They are mainly associated with stressful effects. Vagoinsular crises are characterized by a sharp release of pancreatic hormone into the blood. This leads to changes in the functioning of the vagus nerve, which is responsible for the operation of vital systems. The main symptoms of a vagoinsular crisis are: general weakness, decreased blood pressure, red dermographism. Often, this condition is noted in people suffering from vegetative-vascular dystonia.
The crisis is characterized by a sharp onset of signs of heart and respiratory failure. Pathological changes on the part of the gastrointestinal tract may be noted. An acute attack (paroxysm) is diagnosed in both the adult population and children. More often, vegetative-vascular dystonia is detected in adolescence and young age.
Unlike sympathoadrenal crisis
Acute disorders of the autonomic nervous system include sympatho-adrenal and vagoinsular crisis. These pathological conditions differ among themselves according to the mechanism of development and clinical signs. In both cases, urgent medical attention is required, since each of these conditions can lead to death. Sympathoadrenal crisis is characterized by a sharp increase in the level of hormones in the cortical layer of the adrenal glands. They cause excitement of the central and autonomic nervous system. The release of adrenaline is accompanied by tachycardia, increased blood pressure and a feeling of anxiety and fear. Another name for this pathology is panic attack.
In contrast to the sympathoadrenal crisis, with an increase in insulin levels in the blood, the opposite symptoms are observed. The parasympathetic nervous system begins to prevail over the sympathetic department. There is a slowdown of the heart, relaxation of blood vessels, narrowing of the bronchi, etc.
Reasons for the development of a pathological condition
There are many reasons why a vagoinsular crisis may develop. Among them, both endo- and exogenous effects. Most often, a pathological condition develops against a background of nervous overstrain. Vagoinsular crises are also observed with changes in the endocrine and cardiovascular systems. After all, all organs are interconnected through innervation. The causes of the crisis include:
- Brain injuries.
- Vascular disorders. Most often, they occur against the background of cervical osteochondrosis, an increase in blood pressure.
- Neurotic conditions.
- Excessive emotional and physical stress.
- Vegetative-vascular dystonia due to burdened heredity.
- Pathology of the thyroid gland.
- Diabetes.
- Cardiological diseases.
- Mental disorders.
- Severe intoxication of the body.
Vaginal crisis in childhood develops due to complications of childbirth and pregnancy. People suffering from head injuries during infancy are prone to vegetative-vascular dystonia . Paroxysms caused by increased levels of insulin in the blood often occur in children whose parents suffer from vagotonia.
Crisis Risk Factors
Despite the fact that almost all people undergo nervous and physical stresses, vagoinsular crises develop only in a certain part of the population. This is due to a hereditary predisposition to this condition, which is of great importance. More often, vegetative-vascular dystonia is diagnosed in young women.
Risk factors include the characteristics of the human psyche, nutrition, the presence of bad habits, associated pathological conditions, lifestyle, etc. Crisis can occur in the following cases:
- In the presence of a constant nervous strain. For example, due to hard mental work.
- If a person for a long time keeps emotions in himself, that is, he is an introvert.
- In people prone to obesity. Hypercholisterinemia is a risk factor for vagotonia.
- With caffeine abuse.
- In cases when an anxious or hypochondriacal personality type is formed.
Vaginal crisis refers to acute conditions in which it is necessary to provide the patient with emergency care. What medical measures to take in order to stop an attack should be known to every doctor.
Vagoinsular crisis: symptoms of the disease
Due to the sharp release of insulin into the blood, a decrease in sugar level occurs - a hypoglycemic state. Signs of this pathology include sharp weakness, sweating, a feeling of heat and a drop in blood pressure. Due to paroxysm, a person may lose consciousness within a few minutes of the occurrence of these symptoms. Since the vagus nerve regulates the functioning of internal organs, the following changes are noted:
- Bradycardia and hypotension.
- Dyspnea.
- Violation of the stool.
- The emergence of red dermographism.
- Heart rhythm disturbance.
A vaginal autonomic crisis can develop suddenly or gradually. In the first case, the patient instantly loses consciousness. Hemodynamic disorders are noted. Sometimes a crisis has a wave-like course. Symptoms such as weakness, worsening, chills, sweating, hunger, and nausea gradually increase. These manifestations are replaced by a temporary improvement in well-being. Then they arise again.
Diagnosis of vaginal and sympathoadrenal crisis
If a vaginal or sympathoadrenal crisis begins, an ambulance must be called urgently. Diagnose these conditions by changes in hemodynamic parameters and the clinical picture. An ambulance doctor can determine the level of glucose in the blood thanks to special test strips. To exclude myocardial infarction, electrocardiography is performed. To identify vaginal crisis in osteochondrosis of the cervical spine, perform a special neurological examination. The occurrence of paroxysm may be preceded by fainting, pain with tilting the head, impaired sensitivity.
A sudden increase in blood pressure indicates the development of sympathoadrenal or hypertensive crisis. These conditions differentiate with acute heart failure and cerebrovascular accident.
First aid for crisis
If, against the background of stress or overwork, a person has a worsening condition, urgent emergency care should be urgently called. Before the arrival of the doctors, it is necessary to lay the patient on his back and calm him down. The top buttons or the lock on the clothes must be unfastened. To ensure oxygen flow, a window should be opened. If general weakness builds up gradually, you should give the patient a drink of sweet tea. With the development of human vomiting, they are laid on their side to prevent aspiration.
At the prehospital stage, doctors administer 40% glucose solution intravenously, as well as sedatives. In case of complications, resuscitation measures are performed.
Vagoinsular crisis: treatment of the disease
To stop paroxysm, symptomatic treatment is prescribed . Drugs are prescribed to restore cardiovascular activity, increase blood pressure, stop shortness of breath. Symptomatic therapy for severe crisis is performed in a hospital. To increase blood sugar levels, a 5% glucose solution is administered intravenously. This helps increase circulating blood volume and raise blood pressure. In case of development of cardiac arrhythmias, the medication “Cordiamin” is administered. To improve blood circulation in the brain and to combat dizziness, Vestibo and Betaserc drugs are prescribed.
The vaginal crisis in young children is most often not accompanied by severe symptoms, in contrast to the paroxysm observed in adults. In most cases, it passes on its own. A feature of childhood crises is that the attacks are short-lived. On average, an attack lasts about 5 minutes. The child should be given warm sweet tea and calm. To prevent paroxysms, it is necessary to find out the cause of the attack.
Possible complications of the crisis
If vagoinsular crises occur repeatedly, a full examination should be carried out. These conditions are hazardous to health. Severe hemodynamic disorders can lead to disruption of the blood supply to the heart muscle, brain and other organs. Complications of the crisis include pathologies such as heart attack and stroke, cardiogenic shock, acute renal failure, and hypoglycemic coma. All these conditions can lead to death. Therefore, it is important to eliminate the causes of vagotonia.
Prevention of a pathological condition
To prevent a vaginal insular crisis, preventive measures should be taken. These include:
- Healthy lifestyle.
- Breathing exercises.
- Proper nutrition.
- Alternating loads with rest.
- The use of plant-based sedatives. Among them, the infusion of valerian, motherwort, ginseng.
In some cases, in order to get rid of feelings of fear and anxiety, psychotherapeutic treatment and antidepressants are required.