Bronchitis is an inflammation of the bronchi, when their lumen is narrowed, breathing is difficult, cough with sputum appears. Let's further determine what bronchitis is. Symptoms and antibiotic treatment of this disease will be discussed in the article.
This ailment, as a rule, appears due to the penetration of infection into the body. Most often these are viruses (parainfluenza, flu, adenovirus), bacteria (staphylococci, hemophilus bacillus, pneumococcus, streptococcus), intracellular parasitic elements. During a cold, inflammation of the airways occurs. Now 100 microbes that cause this disease are known. Infections such as MS, influenza, directly attack the bronchi and already in the first days of the disease lead to bronchitis. As a rule, a viral infection (for example, during the flu) is replaced by a bacterial one.
Factors for the occurrence of bronchitis
You can isolate the following factors that lead to the development of this disease:
- physical factors - moist, cold air;
- sharp temperature fluctuations;
- radiation, dust and smoke;
- chemical factors - such substances in the air as carbon monoxide, ammonia, hydrogen sulfide, acid fumes, cigarette smoke;
- bad habits - alcoholism, smoking;
- diseases that lead to stagnation in blood circulation;
- infection of the nasal cavity, for example, sinusitis, sinusitis, tonsillitis;
- congenital pathology and hereditary predisposition;
- chest trauma.
Bronchitis treatment
Allocate chronic and acute bronchitis.
The treatment of acute illness includes:
• Bed rest.
• Abundant drinking, leading to liquefaction of sputum.
• Use of antipyretic and anti-inflammatory drugs.
• Prescription of mucolytic and antitussive medicines.
Treatment of bronchitis in adults with antibiotics is the most difficult moment, in solving which it is necessary to take into account the validity of the use of these medical devices.
The main cause of acute bronchitis is viral infection, so the use of antibiotics does not have the desired therapeutic effect. Moreover, the unreasonable use of such medications can lead to intestinal dysbiosis, which leads to a decrease in immunity, forms bacteria immunity to them, and causes allergic reactions.
The prophylactic use of antibiotic drugs has a negative effect on the healing process. And treatment of bronchitis and pneumonia with antibiotics such as Levomycetin, Penicillin, Erythromycin, Tetracycline, can weaken the immune system.
Most often, antibiotic drugs are selected empirically, that is, without performing an appropriate study of the microflora of the body for susceptibility to these substances.
Treatment of bronchitis in adults with antibiotics is performed with the following symptoms:
• Temperature increase over 38 ° C for more than three days.
• Shortness of breath.
• Severe intoxication.
• Detection of leukocytosis in the blood (over 12 thousand in one microliter), left shift of leukoformula.
Acute bronchitis: therapy
Treatment is usually carried out at home on an outpatient basis.
• Mode - half bed.
• Abundant drinking, twice the amount of daily requirement.
• Milk and vegetable diet, limiting allergenic foods and spicy foods.
• Antiviral therapy: 5 cap. the drug "Interferon" six times a day. In case of flu, “Remantadine” is prescribed, and in acute manifestations of acute respiratory viral infections, the medication “Immunoglobulin” is prescribed.
• The drug "Azithromycin" is used for five days and often cures acute bronchitis.
• Antibiotic treatment is prescribed in the presence of a clear bacterial infection, severe inflammatory changes identified during a general blood test, with a tendency to a protracted disease.
• Recommended inhalation - soda-salt, soda.
• If expectoration is difficult, expectorants (Pertussin, licorice syrup, Mukaltin, breast collection, Thermopsis) and mucolytic drugs used for viscous sputum (Bronchicum, Erespal, Mukopront) are recommended. , "Ambroxol", "Lazolvan", "Ascoril") in appropriate dosages.
• With abundant sputum discharge, a vibration massage is prescribed.
• Antitussive drugs ("Sinekod", "Kofeks") are prescribed for dry cough, in the first days of illness.
The use of herbal expectorant drugs (marshmallow, anise, thermopsis, plantain, elecampane) helps maintain peristalsis of bronchioles, and also leads to an improvement in sputum output.
Obstructive bronchitis: antibiotic treatment
This type of bronchitis is manifested in the form of a narrowing of the lumen of the small bronchi and severe bronchospasm. Its symptoms are leukocytosis, fever, shortness of breath, cough, intoxication of the body.
Therapy of this disease includes bed rest, large quantities of warm drinking, the use of antitussive drugs. At high temperatures, antipyretic drugs are prescribed.
Antibacterial agents for obstructive bronchitis are used if it is of bacterial origin. Often, medications from the macrolide category are used:
• The drug "Erythromycin." It is characterized by bacteriostatic and bactericidal action. The dosage is prescribed by the doctor.
• The drug "Rovamycin". It is characterized by excellent tolerance, with it the treatment of bronchitis with antibiotics in adults is effective. The dosage is prescribed by the doctor, based on the weight of the patient and the severity of the inflammation process.
• The drug "Azithromycin". This is a very effective tool, well tolerated by many patients. The doctor determines the dosage of the drug, based on the age of the patient, the severity of the disease, the individual characteristics of his body. An undoubted advantage of the tool is ease of use. The drug "Azithromycin" is used once a day. The course of treatment is six days.
Acute bronchitis: antibiotic treatment
With this type of bronchitis, antibiotics are prescribed very rarely, since it most often occurs due to viruses, against which these medicines are powerless. Therefore, such drugs for acute bronchitis are prescribed only when its treatment is complicated by a severe bacterial infection. In such cases, antibiotics of the penicillin group are usually used. If the patient is allergic to penicillins, then drugs such as Azithromycin or Macropen and the like can be prescribed.
Antibiotics for chronic bronchitis
Unlike acute bronchitis, in chronic antibiotic drugs are used in almost all cases. And if purulent bronchitis occurs, antibiotic treatment is an effective way to defeat the disease. The main therapeutic agents used in the treatment of the chronic form of such diseases are medications, which we will consider further.
Macrolides
This means "Macropen", "Clarithromycin", "Erythromycin." They are effective antibacterial drugs, have a wide spectrum of action and remove most harmful microorganisms. Not bad tolerated by patients.
Penicillins
These include the following remedies: Flemoxin, Solutab, Panklav, Amoxiclav, Augmentin. Antibiotics of this group are the basis for the treatment of chronic forms of the diseases in question. Treatment of bronchitis with antibiotics in adults most often begins with them. They differ in relatively few side effects, but, unfortunately, do not really help in the fight against advanced cases of the disease. Therefore, if the causative agent of the disease does not respond to penicillins, antibiotic drugs of other groups are prescribed.
Fluoroquinolones
Fluoroquinolones are Ciprofloxacin, Moxifloxacin, and Levofloxacin medicines. They, unlike all other antibiotics, have a unique chemical structure and origin. Used to combat precisely chronic bronchitis. Fluoroquinolones work in the bronchi and have few side effects. Antibiotics of this category are prescribed only if the pathogens of bronchitis are immune to the remaining groups of antibiotic drugs.
Cephalosporins
These are ceftriaxone and cefuroxime. These new antibacterial agents will allow effective treatment of bronchitis in adults with antibiotics. Injections are prescribed by a doctor. In addition, these agents have many side effects.
Antibiotics for bronchitis in pregnant women
As a rule, in expectant mothers, the body's immune system is often weakened and cannot resist various viruses and infections. Therefore, in pregnant women cases of bronchitis are common. The woman has a strong cough, sputum comes out. This is dangerous for both the expectant mother and the baby.
It is not recommended to take potent antibiotic drugs during pregnancy (especially in the first 3 months). Antibiotics are prescribed only in case of a real threat to the health of the fetus and mother. As a rule, pregnant women are recommended antibiotic drugs of the penicillin group, since they are less harmful.
You can use the bioparox antibiotic, which enters the bronchi with the help of inhalation and acts locally, therefore, penetration through the placenta is excluded.
Self-treatment of bronchitis with antibiotics in adults is not allowed, especially for pregnant women. Only a doctor can prescribe them!
Injections for bronchitis
Injections for bronchitis should be prescribed only by a doctor, after the necessary thorough examination.
1. If antibiotic treatment of bronchitis occurs, injections should be done only by a medical professional. Also, only a specialist prescribes the dosage of the drug.
2. As a rule, antibiotics are prescribed simultaneously with decoctions of herbs and tablets ("Mukaltin").
3. Most often, when antibiotics are treated for adults with bronchitis, injections are prescribed by intravenous solution of the benzylpenicillin preparation. In some cases, it is diluted with Streptomycin.
Treatment of bronchitis with antibiotics in adults should be combined with other drugs. Therefore, do not neglect useful and valuable medical advice and use all the methods that help you recover faster. Often people suffering from bronchitis are advised to quit smoking, drink more warm fluids and drink decoctions of medicinal herbs.