🏗️ 👊🏼 🛀🏽 Diet for celiac disease: allowed foods, sample menus and recipes 💨 🤙🏾 🗺️

Celiac disease is a fairly serious hereditary disease. One of its features can be called compiling a specific diet for the patient. In the article we will talk in detail about this. Consider what foods are good for a diet with celiac disease, what foods you need to consume in a limited way, and which ones should be discarded. Consider examples of menus, recipes.

What is it?

Why do I need a special diet for celiac disease? This is a hereditary pathology in which the human body does not tolerate gluten. This is the name of the gluten protein of cereal crops. If, however, the food containing it enters the stomach, and then the intestines of the patient, then this will cause inflammation in these organs and lead to a general disruption of the digestive tract.

Celiac disease also has other names:

Gluten enteropathy.
Guy - Herter - Gabe disease.
Intestinal infantilism.

The causes of this disease are as follows:

Hereditary predisposition.
Weakened immune system.
Congenital features of the small intestine, due to which there is an increased sensitivity of its cells.
Intestinal infections that lead to a change in the receptor intestinal apparatus.

Celiac disease is detected by the following symptoms:

Lag in growth, physical development (in relation to children).
Hypotrophy (the name of an eating disorder).
Reduced blood glucose.
Change in blood composition.
Anemia.
Dysbacteriosis
Hypovitaminosis.
The lack of such elements in the body as zinc, calcium, iron, phosphorus.
Rickets.
Pain in the stomach.
Defecation disorder.
Offensive feces of a characteristic green or white color.
Vomiting
Nausea.

Celiac disease varies in two varieties:

Typical.
Atypical. With it, only the upper half of the small intestine suffers. This, in turn, leads to diseases such as anemia and osteoporosis. They are caused by a deficiency of nutrients in the body.

Treatment technique

Now let's talk about the diet and treatment of celiac disease. What is the main thing here? This is a gluten-free diet. Such treatment becomes a vital necessity for patients with intestinal infantilism.

At first glance, the diet for celiac disease seems to be somewhat complicated due to the need to exclude all gluten-containing foods. After all, cereals are found not only in flour products from wheat flour, barley, oats, rye. They are included in certain proportions and in other common products: sauces, instant coffee, pastry treats, canned food, etc.

Depending on the individual course of the disease, the doctor includes some varieties of cereals in the diet for celiac disease of a particular patient. For example, during the period of remission of the disease, oats are absorbed quite well. At the same time, other patients react extremely sharply to it. In the phase of exacerbation of celiac disease, it is better to exclude all cereals from the diet in general.

Why is this exception made when choosing a diet menu for celiac disease specifically for oatmeal? The fact is that they contain a large (in comparison with other cereals) the amount of dietary fiber (fiber), which is manifested in a laxative effect and increased intestinal motility.

Some patients tolerate a small inclusion of gluten in the diet quite well - this does not lead to an exacerbation of the disease. But still, for the majority of those suffering from this disease, even the content of a small amount of gluten in food is toxic. For several hours after eating gluten-free foods, they begin to have massive “watery” diarrhea, which can reach gliadin shock.

Diet characteristic

What are the features of the diet for celiac disease in adults? Most importantly, it is gluten-free. But at the same time full, despite the exclusion of wheat, barley, rye. It is characterized by high protein and calcium salts. High energy is noted.

In its composition, such a diet is chemically and mechanically sparing. In particular, due to the fact that dishes that provoke fermentation processes are excluded. Usually, two main types of such an gluten-free diet are distinguished: for patients with normal weight and for patients with overweight.

As for the cooking, the products are boiled or the dishes are steamed. Depending on the functional state of the patient’s intestinal tract, food is either crushed, wiped (especially during the period when a person suffers from diarrhea), or is prepared without crushing (at the stage of normalization of the stool). During persistent remission of the disease, baking and even lightly frying food is recommended.

As for the diet, it is introduced fractional. Up to 5-6 meals per day. It is important to observe the maximum / minimum temperature of the food. As for hot dishes, the highest value: 57-62 ° C. For cold dishes - at least 15 ° C.

Diet content

Now let's determine the chemical composition and energy value (per day) for the diet for celiac disease in children and adults:

Proteins: within 100-120 g.
Fats: between 100-110 g.
Carbohydrates: within 400-450 g.
Calorie content: from 2950 to 3250 Kcal.
Salt content: not more than 5-7 g.
The use of free fluid: at least 1.5 liters.

Allowed Products

Consider the products that can be introduced into the diet for celiac disease in adults and children:

Bread. Based on corn, potato or wheat starch or rice, soy, buckwheat, corn flour.
Soup. Prepared on a weak fish or meat broth. The dish can include meatballs, egg flakes, fatless dumplings, rice, with tolerance - oatmeal. Do not forget about vegetables: potatoes, cauliflower, carrots, pumpkin, zucchini.
Meat and poultry. Low-fat varieties of lamb, beef, veal and pork, as well as chicken, turkey and rabbit meat are allowed. Both in separate pieces, and in chopped form.
Vegetables. Both boiled and mashed (as mashed potatoes): cauliflower, zucchini, potatoes, pumpkin, carrots.
Cereals. Porridge is prepared on water with the addition of no more than 1/3 of the total composition of milk. This buckwheat, corn, rice groats, millet, sago, quinoa, soy. Or products from them, including flour. Casseroles, puddings from such cereals.
The eggs. Soft-boiled, as well as omelettes - baked or steamed.
Fruits, berries or goodies. Here you can highlight jelly, mousse, jelly or mashed compotes from sweet varieties of fruits and berries. It is also permissible to make jam from quince, pears, apples, raspberries, blueberries, black currants, strawberries. You can eat baked apples and pears. Among the delicacies in the diet for children with celiac disease, you can include marmalade, honey, marshmallows, natural chocolate, marshmallows.
Milk products. Patients can choose fresh calcified non-acidic cottage cheese both fresh and in the form of pudding with fruits or vegetables. Fermented baked milk, mild cheeses are also recommended.
Seasonings and sauces. Milk sauce on starch, rice flour or weak meat, vegetable or fruit broth will be safe. Pepper, vanilla, bay leaf, cinnamon, wine and apple vinegar, garlic, as well as vegetable natural mono seasonings.
The drinks. Herbal and fruit tea, broths of wild rose, bird cherry, blackcurrant or blueberry are recommended. Natural coffee and cocoa. As well as jelly, stewed fruit, homemade juices, mineral water.
Fats. Butter - both to the table, and as an additive to dishes.

The gluten-free diet for celiac disease can also be supplemented with protein composite dry mixes and vitamin complexes.

What needs to be excluded?

The list of allowed products is quite extensive. Like forbidden. Every patient should be familiar with the latter, because a violation of the diet with celiac disease can lead to unpleasant, if not serious, consequences.

The following stand out here:

Bread. All bakery products from wheat and rye flour.
Soups With meatballs, dumplings, where gluten meal is added.
Meat and poultry. Minced meat with a content of gluten flour. Instead, when chopping, you need to add either already cooked meat or rice. Processed sausages, sausages, sausages, pastes and other canned meat are banned.
Fish. Salted, smoked, and also canned fish in tomato sauce.
Vegetables. Beets, white cabbage, radish, turnips, radishes, swede, cucumbers, sorrel, spinach, mushrooms, squash or eggplant caviar, tomato paste, prepared in an industrial environment.
Cereals. Barley, pearl barley, Poltava, semolina, Artek. Barley, oat, corn, wheat, rice flakes with malt extract - the so-called "quick breakfasts".
The eggs. Fried, hard-boiled, raw - at the stage of exacerbation.
Fruits, berries and goodies. Acidic varieties of both fruits and berries. Plums, apricots, grapes - at the stage of exacerbation of the disease. Caramel and chocolate sweets with filling, candies, ice cream, oriental sweets, jam is not home, but industrial production.
Milk products. Both sharp and salted cheeses, glazed curds, yogurts.
Sauces and seasonings. Products containing gluten flour. Multicomponent seasonings, which may include gluten elements, as well as bouillon cubes and ketchup. Pepper, mayonnaise, mustard, horseradish.
The drinks. Instant coffee, cocoa drinks, surrogate coffee products. Carbonated drinks like Coke and Pepsi. Powdered jelly. Juices: plum, grape, apricot. Kvass, fruit drink - during periods of exacerbation. Alcoholic beverages, especially beer and vodka.
Fats. All types except butter.

Limited use

When choosing suitable recipes for a diet with celiac disease, remember that there are a number of products, dishes, whose use should be strictly limited:

Soups Vegetable soups must be wiped during exacerbation.
Meat and poultry. It is not recommended to eat in sliced slices during the period of exacerbation.
Fish. Do not abuse fatty fish.
Vegetables. It is allowed to eat up to 100 g of fresh tomatoes, provided there is no diarrhea. Blanched onions can be added in small quantities to dishes. During remission, blanched garlic is also allowed.
Cereals. Only with good tolerance of the dish is it allowed to use mashed oatmeal.
The eggs. No more than 1-2 pieces per day.
Fruits, berries and goodies. Only on condition of tolerance it is allowed to eat grated raw apples without peels, as well as strawberries, raspberries, strawberries - not more than 100 g per day.
Milk products. It is allowed to consume milk and cream in small quantities (up to 50 g), add them to dishes. Sour cream - not more than 15 g per dish. Also in small quantities, you can add it to sauces. With good tolerance, kefir is allowed.
The drinks. It is possible to consume natural sweet juices. It is best to drink them, stirring 1: 1 with plain water. With caution, you can drink the following alcoholic beverages: cognac, grape wine, rice and corn vodka (tequila and sake).
Fats. Caution is allowed to add refined vegetable oils to the diet - up to 5 g per dish and only during the period of remission.

Sample menu

We examined the symptoms of celiac disease, a diet for adults and children. Now we give an example menu for a few days.

First day:

Breakfast. Viscous buckwheat porridge with added sugar, natural omelet, cocoa with sugar and milk.
Lunch. Mild cheese, ripe seasonal berries, jelly.
Dinner. Potato soup with meatballs, natural chopped beef steak, carrot puree, boiled compote from apples and dried fruits.
An afternoon snack. Slice of boiled meat, baked apple.
Dinner. Meat and rice meatballs, boiled potatoes with blanched onions, fresh cottage cheese, tea.
To sleep. Kissel.

Second day:

Breakfast. Viscous rice porridge with sugar, two soft-boiled eggs, natural coffee with milk.
Lunch. Emmental cheese, pear, jelly.
Dinner. Soup of fresh tomatoes with boiled chicken, stewed zucchini with butter, slices of boiled chicken, apple juice.
An afternoon snack. Mashed potatoes, orange.
Dinner. Meat patties with rice, boiled broccoli, millet viscous milk porridge, tea with jam.
To sleep. Kefir.

The third day:

Breakfast. Buckwheat viscous porridge on the water, a slice of carbonate, tea with jam.
Lunch. Fresh cottage cheese with sour cream, one banana, jelly.
Dinner. Soup mashed cauliflower, pilaf with slices of boiled meat, fresh tomato, berry drink with sugar.
An afternoon snack. Boiled meat, applesauce from the category of baby food.
Dinner. Boiled fish, mashed potatoes with butter, marshmallows, tea.
To sleep. Ryazhenka.

Cooking Tips

When planning a diet with exacerbation of celiac disease and during remission, adopt these tips:

Keep gluten-free products in a separate cabinet.
A child who follows a gluten-free diet should have his own dishes: a cup, a plate, cutlery. They must be distinguished by a special color or pattern.
To prepare gluten-free food, use separate cutting boards, pans, pots, baking dishes, plates. If this is not possible, be sure to thoroughly wash these items after gluten-free foods.
Get a separate butter knife if you or your child are allergic to milk.
Before you start cooking, eating gluten-free foods, be sure to wash your hands. Especially when you were dealing with gluten-free foods.
If your child has celiac disease, do not let him try gluten-free foods. If he likes it, such a product can be a strong temptation.
Growth on a diet with celiac disease is possible in the same way as in children with gluten tolerance. But the fact that the child is supposed to have specialized nutrition, it is necessary to warn both the teacher in the kindergarten and the class teacher in the school.
Do not give children products of which you doubt. Let the baby also learn this rule: if in doubt, you can’t eat food.

Some recipes

Recipes for the diet for celiac disease for adults and children are quite diverse. You can cook tasty and healthy food that is not inferior to anything gluten-free.

You can make cornmeal bread. The right ingredients:

2 eggs.
1 teaspoon of baking soda.
400 g of cornmeal.
1.5 cups of milk.
A pinch of salt.
A pinch of caraway seeds.

Cooking:

Sift corn flour, add milk, soda, caraway seeds, eggs to it.
Thoroughly mix the mass, leave for 15-20 minutes.
Lubricate the mold with butter, then pour the dough into it.
Bake for about 40 minutes at a temperature of 40 degrees.

Now - a delicious soup with cauliflower. You will need:

Chicken or turkey fillet - 200 g.
Water - 2 l.
Cauliflower - 300 g.
Carrots - 1 pc.
Onions - 1 pc.
Finely chopped dill or parsley - 30 g.
Potato - 150 g.
Garlic - 1 clove.