Crisis of VSD in combination with physical and psycho-emotional symptoms can occur in any person with vegetovascular dystonia. Such attacks can occur once or twice during life or can be repeated periodically. In this case, the patient is diagnosed with vegetovascular dystonia with a crisis.
The most important thing here is to immediately begin adequate treatment. The crisis of vegetative-vascular dystonia is often accompanied by an exacerbated panic attack. This form of the disease is considered one of the most severe and can provoke many unpleasant consequences in the psycho-emotional, social and physical sphere.
What is VSD
Vegetovascular dystonia (VVD) is a condition in which pathological processes occur in the autonomic nervous system. The ANS controls the functioning of the vascular system. It is divided into sympathetic and parasympathetic, whose actions are opposite. So, for example, the parasympathetic slows down the heartbeat, and the sympathetic system, on the contrary, accelerates them.
Similar pathological conditions usually appear paroxysmally. Common symptoms include palpitations, excessive sweating, headaches, tingling in the heart, redness or blanching of the face, or fainting.
The appearance of vegetovascular disorders leads to improper functioning of the entire autonomic nervous system, and this, in turn, leads to an imbalance between the spheres of the ANS. As a result, all internal organs and systems of the body begin to suffer. This phenomenon is quite common. Vegetovascular dystonia is present in more than 40% of the adult population of the globe. Such violations seriously worsen the quality of life of people.
Seizure classification
Symptoms of an IRR attack periodically haunt all people with a diagnosis of vegetovascular dystonia. They are characterized by signs such as:
- the appearance of pain of various localization;
- sensation of malfunctioning of internal organs;
- increase or decrease in body temperature, etc.
The appearance of such attacks occurs due to impaired activity of the sympathetic or parasympathetic departments of the autonomic nervous system. Based on in which of the departments a violation occurred, modern medicine distinguishes:
- VVD with sympathoadrenal crises - occurs due to a dysregulation or superiority of the sympathetic department over the parasympathetic.
- VVD with vaginal insults - occurs in the process of disruption of the parasympathetic department.
- VVD with a mixed type of crisis, during which a characteristic clinical picture arises for both sympathetic adrenal and vaginal insulin crisis.
How long does the IRR crisis last?
The frequency and nature of the clinical manifestations of vegetovascular dystonia for each patient proceeds differently, while the complexity of the disease depends on these factors. Therefore, doctors distinguish:
- mild attacks
- moderate attacks;
- heavy.
Mild attacks of the disease usually last no more than 15 minutes and are accompanied by a small spectrum of clinical symptoms. In this case, one organ system is most often involved. There is no post-crisis asthenia, that is, after an attack, a person quickly returns to his usual life.
Symptoms of an attack of moderate gravity last less than an hour, but are accompanied by multiple indicators with persistent post-crisis asthenia for up to one and a half days.
Severe attacks last more than an hour and are accompanied by a vivid clinical picture in combination with tics, seizures, or other hyperkinesis. Postcrisis asthenia persists for several days.
Why seizures appear
Crisis vegetative-vascular dystonia often progresses from a mild or asymptomatic form. The vegetative disturbance itself can form against the background of the following conditions:
- CNS pathology, birth injury and concussion;
- disturbances in the endocrine system;
- natural restructuring of the hormonal background of the body (for example, pregnancy, menopause or puberty in adolescents);
- pathologies of the autonomic nervous system, formed against the background of infectious foci, tumors, osteochondrosis.
The first attack of vegetative-vascular dystonia does not occur only if these factors are present. A certain impetus is needed here. Stress, psycho-emotional or physical stress, some kind of disease, taking medications, surgery, anesthesia, etc. can provoke the onset of the disease.
Therefore, it is more advisable not to think about how to be in case of an IRR crisis and what to do when it occurs, but to find out what could have happened and eliminate the possible causes of it.
Usually the disease is not limited to just one seizure. Often, the realization that a crisis can happen again leads to a sense of fear and expectation. The patient begins to worry because he does not know how to behave in a similar situation and what should be done. He worries that he will not be able to prevent the onset of the crisis.
The result is a vicious circle: stress, exacerbation of the disease, the clinical manifestation of an IRR crisis (sympatho-adrenal or any other type), fear of an attack, another stress and a new crisis. Moreover, each repeated attack is eliminated much more difficult than the previous one.
According to the international classification (ICD-10), VVD is classified as a disease that requires proper psychotherapeutic treatment. For proper treatment, it is necessary to eliminate the conditions that cause stress, and lifestyle changes. Otherwise, the attacks of the disease will be repeated.
How to recognize the IRR
This pathological condition usually first occurs between the ages of 20 and 40 years. Symptoms of a vascular attack of the VSD often resemble the clinical manifestations of various diseases, but their periodic repetitions add up to a typical picture of the pathological condition.
Fear of having an IRS attack again is a serious thing that cannot be treated superficially. Therefore, it is necessary to draw up a clear plan of what to do during any type of IRR crises. It is necessary to act here adequately and as calmly as possible in order to avoid undesirable consequences.
Hypertensive vegetative-type dystonia (hypertensive crisis of the IRR) during an attack manifests itself as follows:
- the upper limit of blood pressure rises rapidly to 140-180, and at the end of the crisis it normalizes independently;
- strong, throbbing headaches appear;
- there is a rapid heartbeat;
- pulse increases to 110-140 beats per minute.
Some patients report a fever up to 39 ° C, chest pain, agitation.
An attack of vegetovascular dystonia of an antihypertensive type is accompanied by:
- lowering blood pressure to 80- (90 ... 50) and slowing the pulse;
- sensation of heat in the head and face;
- asthma attacks and lack of air;
- feeling of weakness;
- the occurrence of pressing chest pain;
- discomfort in the abdomen;
- dizziness
- nausea
- vomiting.
Signs of cardiac VSD are:
- prolonged pain in the heart (dull or sharp);
- tachycardia;
- anxiety;
- changes in heart rate;
- feeling that the heart is now breaking or stopping;
- asthma attacks.
The appearance of such symptoms does not depend on the presence of physical activity. Also, they do not disappear after taking preparations for angina pectoris.
An attack of vegetovascular dystonia of the visceral type is accompanied by:
- severe and frequent abdominal pain;
- bloating;
- disruption of the intestines (diarrhea or constipation).
Signs of an attack of an IRR of a respiratory type are:
- pressing chest pains;
- difficulty breathing
- sensation of a lump in the throat;
- inability to take a deep breath and yawning;
- dry cough.
With asthenic crises of the IRR, there are symptoms such as:
- severe tiredness;
- small trembling in the hands;
- loss of stamina for a long time.
In this case, many patients may experience an increase in temperature to 37.5 ° C.
Often, attacks of the IRR proceed on the basis of the mixed type. In this case, the clinical picture of such conditions combines the symptoms of several varieties of the disease. Such attacks are very difficult.
Each of the IRR crises is accompanied by fear and panic. In severe cases, the attack is often accompanied by a fear of death or the likelihood of losing one's mind. However, such conditions disappear with the end of the crisis. At the end of such syndromes, the patient may still feel depressed, anxious and weak for some time. He needs some time to return to his usual way of life.
What threatens vegetovascular dystonia
Despite the menacing course, vegetovascular dystonia usually does not cause serious complications and does not cause particular harm to human health. Nevertheless, this disease leads to a lack of oxygen in the tissues, and in chronic and severe forms it can lead to coronary heart disease.
If the patient is disturbed by regular jumps in pulse and blood pressure, chest or abdominal pain, it is necessary to consult a specialist. Diagnosis of the patient will exclude the development of other undesirable pathological conditions.
Diagnostics
In addition to examining the patient and collecting an anamnesis in the diagnosis of VVD, the doctor will recommend that laboratory-instrumental examinations be mandatory. This is first of all:
- electrocardiogram (ECG);
- magnetic resonance imaging (MRI);
- laboratory research;
- ultrasound examinations (ultrasound).
The first attack is always a shock: both for the patient and for his relatives. It is necessary to prepare for the second crisis both mentally and physically, because in the case of the next attack you need to act confidently and calmly.
How to remove the main symptoms
Various factors can provoke the occurrence of an IRR crisis. For some, the main reason is intolerance to stuffiness, for someone - a change of weather or a trip in public transport.
The exclusion of provocative situations, the correct assessment of the situation, action planning will minimize the number of possible attacks. The main thing here is to clearly understand what causes them.
No matter how often such conditions occur, the patient should always have light sedatives with him. With any hint of a stressful situation and the beginning of a crisis, it is better to play it safe. The use of such drugs helps to avoid panic attacks, normalize blood pressure and alleviate the general condition during exacerbation.
What to do if the crisis has already begun
When the attack of vegetovascular dystonia has already begun, treatment with lung sedatives will no longer help. It does not matter where and in what period of time it happened. You need to lie down or sit down and try to cope with the emerging emotions. Need to get distracted. Be sure to inhale deeply through the nose, while you can count the number of breaths or exhalations, drink water in small sips. The main thing is to remember that this is just a panic attack that will end soon.
Massage of closed eyes will help to cope with a strong heartbeat, and massage of little fingers of hands, temples and neck will normalize the jumped pressure. Reduce the pressure will allow the use of appropriate drugs.
If there is a feeling of lack of air, then you should open the window and free the neck area from tight clothing.
When a headache occurs, it is necessary to move away from sources of bright light and noise. In the acute course of an attack, the phenazepam tablet will help. A sudden attack of weakness will disappear if you eat something sweet.
Therapy
The treatment of IRR crises consists in taking medications that have a stimulating and calming effect. Any drugs used in therapeutic regimens of various types of vegetative-vascular dystonia should be prescribed only by a doctor. In this case, there should be no self-medication.
What drugs are used
According to the international classification of ICD-10, VVD is not designated as a separate disease. Vegetovascular dystonia is considered as a complex of disorders in the range of G90 - G99. These manifestations are treated mainly with herbal preparations (tinctures of valerian, ginseng, motherwort or lemongrass). Mild sedatives can also be prescribed that strengthen the nervous system.
For the treatment of cerebrovascular accidents, drugs are used that improve blood flow and blood circulation in the vascular system. These are drugs such as:
- "Ginkgo biloba";
- Pantogam
- "Glycine";
- "Vinpocetine";
- "Actovegin";
- "Piracetam" and others.
You need to take medicine for a long time, most drugs must be taken for at least 3 months. These dosage forms help to eliminate symptoms such as dizziness, drowsiness, poor memory, distraction, and forgetfulness. In addition, they provide the elimination of headaches and migraine attacks. Treatment schemes most often consist of a complex of drugs, which provides the expected therapeutic effect.
Disease prevention
However, not only medications are used to treat such pathologies. People suffering from various types of VSD crises should independently adjust their day, normalizing physical activity and limiting themselves from psycho-emotional shocks. A person needs to provide:
- the correct mode of work and rest;
- balanced diet;
- rejection of bad habits;
- performing special therapeutic exercises;
- reduction in the number of stressful situations;
- decrease in physical activity.
In addition, physiotherapy physiotherapy, massage, breathing exercises and spa treatment have a good effect. To reduce the likelihood of developing vegetovascular dystonia, as well as reduce the frequency of manifestations of this disease, it is necessary to adhere to all the doctor's prescriptions. All medications must be taken regularly and in a timely manner.