What is a drug like Loraxon 500? Instructions for use, the characteristics of this tool, as well as its indications, form, analogs and composition will be described below.
Packaging, form, composition of the medication
What form is typical for the drug in question? What does the instructions for use say about this? "Loraxon" is a crystalline powder of white or slightly yellowish color, intended for the preparation of an intramuscular or intravenous solution. The composition of this medication includes such an active ingredient as ceftriaxone. It is presented in the form of sodium salt.
Also, the drug "Lorakson", the instructions for use of which are contained in a pack of cardboard, includes a solvent in the form of water for injection.
The product in question is available in 10 ml glass bottles that are placed in paper boxes (can be sold with or without solvent).
Pharmacology of the drug
What is the aforementioned drug? What information does the instructions for use contain? Loraxon is a third-generation antibiotic (cephalosporin) for parenteral administration. It has a bactericidal effect.
Due to the ability to inhibit the synthesis of cell membranes, this drug inhibits the growth of most gram-negative and gram-positive microorganisms.
According to experts, ceftriaxone is particularly resistant to beta-lactamases (penicillinases, cephalosporinases), which are produced by most bacteria.
Kinetic features of the drug
How is the drug in question distributed throughout the human body? What does the attached instructions for use say about this? When administered parenterally, Loraxon penetrates well into almost all tissues and fluids.
With an intravenous infusion, ceftriaxone diffuses rather quickly into the interstitial fluid, where its bactericidal properties persist throughout the day.
It should also be noted that the active component of this agent reversibly binds to albumin. Due to the low content of the latter in the interstitial fluid, the concentration of the drug in it is slightly higher than in blood serum.
How soon is this medication excreted from the patient? What does the instructions for use say about this? Loraxon, the composition of which was examined above, is excreted within 8 hours (along with bile and urine). It should also be noted that under the influence of the intestinal flora, the active element of this agent is converted into an inactive metabolite.
In newborns, the half-life of the drug in question is 8 days, and in older people (over 70 years) this period is 2 times longer.
Kinetics of medication in special cases
In case of malfunctioning of the renal system, as well as liver pathologies in adults, the pharmacokinetics of ceftriaxone is practically unchanged, and the half-life is not significantly extended.
If renal function is significantly impaired, then the drug is excreted mainly with bile, and if the liver is damaged, then ceftriaxone is excreted mainly through the kidneys.
In newborn children and infants with inflammation of the meninges, this medication can penetrate into the cerebrospinal fluid. In adults with meningitis, 5-25 hours after the administration of ceftriaxone at a dose of 50 mg / kg body weight, its concentration is many times higher than the BMD that is required to suppress the bacteria that cause the disease.
Indications
When should I inject with Loraxon 500? Instructions for use (injections should be prescribed only by an experienced doctor) claims that this medication is intended for the treatment of infectious and inflammatory diseases caused by bacteria sensitive to the drug. Thus, it is actively used for:
- meningitis;
- ENT infections;
- sepsis
- urinary tract and kidney infections;
- infections in the reproductive system (including with gonorrhea);
- infections in the abdominal cavity (including inflammatory diseases of the digestive tract, peritonitis, diseases of the biliary tract);
- infections of the skin;
- respiratory tract infections (including pneumonia);
- infections of the joints and bone tissue;
- infections in people with reduced immunity.
Also, the agent in question can be indicated for the prevention of infectious lesions in the postoperative period.
Prohibitions for appointment
Are there any contraindications for the above medication? What does the attached instructions for use say about this? Loraxon, the evidence of which was listed above, cannot be prescribed in the following cases:
- with increased sensitivity of the patient to penicillins and cephalosporins;
- in the first trimester of pregnancy.
With caution, this medication is recommended for people with liver failure, colitis and enteritis. Also, caution must be exercised in case of UC, hyperbilirubinemia in newborn babies, in the last two trimesters of pregnancy, premature babies and when breastfeeding.
Instructions for use
Loraxon is administered to patients intravenously or intramuscularly. The average daily dosage of this medicine for adults and children from 12 years old is 1-2 g once a day (every 24 hours).
In severe cases, as well as infections that were caused by moderately sensitive pathogens, the daily dose of this drug can be increased to 4 g.
For newly born children, with the introduction of the drug 1 time per day, the following dosage is recommended: 20-50 mg / kg (under the age of 2 weeks of life).
For infants and children up to 12 years of age, the dose of the drug per day should be 20-75 mg / kg. For adolescents with a body weight of 50 kg or more, the medication is prescribed in adult dosages.
The duration of treatment with this agent depends on the course of the disease.
Rules for the preparation of solutions
How to prepare a medicinal solution? What does the instructions for use say about this? Loraxon, the release form of which was presented above, for intramuscular administration should be diluted (in an amount of 1 g) in 3.5 ml of a 1% solution of lidocaine, and then injected deep into the gluteus muscle.
To prepare the drug for intravenous injection, 1 g of the powder must be diluted in 10 ml of distilled water (sterile). The finished solution should be slowly injected into a vein (within 4 minutes).
For intravenous infusion, 2 g of the drug must be diluted in 40 ml of a solution (for example, sodium chloride, dextrose or fructose), free of calcium. Such an infusion must be carried out for at least half an hour.
Side effects
Does Loraxon drug solution cause negative reactions? Instructions for use (injections should be done only in a hospital) claims that against the background of the use of this medication, a patient may develop:
- nausea, leukopenia, vomiting, granulocytopenia, diarrhea, hypocoagulation, constipation, hemolytic anemia, flatulence, lymphopenia;
- abdominal pains, phlebitis, taste disturbance, soreness along the vein, stomatitis, urticaria, glossitis, neutropenia;
- pseudomembranous enterocolitis, infiltrate and soreness at the site of intramuscular injection, impaired liver function;
- impaired renal function, dysbiosis, thrombocytosis, glucosuria, thrombocytopenia, oliguria, rash, azotemia, bronchospasm;
- increased blood urea, eosinophilia, hypercreatininemia, polymorphic exudative erythema, cylindruria, nosebleeds, hematuria, superinfection, anuria;
- chills, serum sickness, fever, angioedema, itching, dizziness, anaphylactic shock, candidiasis, headache.
Interactions and Overdose Cases
An overdose of the drug in question is manifested by dizziness, headache, paresthesia, convulsions, encephalopathy and coma. To eliminate such phenomena, symptomatic treatment is used, and they also support the vital functions of the body.
The simultaneous administration of ceftriaxone with aminoglycosides increases their antibacterial activity. To prevent toxic effects, these drugs are administered at different times and in different places.
With the parallel use of Loraxon, platelet aggregation inhibitors and NSAIDs, there is a high risk of bleeding.
When taken with "loop" diuretics, there is a great danger of nephrotoxicity.
The medication in question is incompatible with ethanol, since such a combination causes severe nausea, epigastric spasms, vomiting, facial redness, decreased blood pressure and tachycardia.
It is strictly forbidden to type ceftriaxone and other antibiotics into one syringe.
Similar drugs and drug reviews
Now you know what Loraxon is. Instructions for use, analogues of the drug are discussed in this article.
What can replace this medication with? Specialists refer to the following drugs: Ceftriaxone-Promed, Ceftriaxone-Elfa, Cefogram, Cefson, Ceftriaxone-Protekh, Ceftriaxone-Jodas, Ceftriabol, Cefatrin.
According to patients' reviews, most often they considered the drug in question for the treatment of ENT infections and respiratory tract infections. Analyzing their messages, we can safely conclude about its quick action and high efficiency. It should also be noted that with the use of this medicine, some patients experienced minor adverse reactions that did not require discontinuation of therapy.