Dyspepsia is a digestive disorder. This term can be used for one as well as for several symptoms. They can be a feeling of heartburn, fullness of the stomach after eating, and pain in the abdomen. All these manifestations are associated with an upset digestive process.
Dyspeptic symptoms are quite common in adults. They are sometimes observed rarely, and sometimes disturbed many times over several days.
Causes of Dyspepsia
Pathological phenomena are caused by a wide variety of disorders in the digestive system. They can be a sign of ulcerative processes or gastroesophageal reflux. Symptoms of dyspepsia occur with dysfunctions of the pancreas or bile ducts. If the disease that caused the discomfort is properly treated, then these symptoms, as a rule, cease to bother the person.
There are cases when the cause of dyspepsia could not be determined. Then the disease becomes functional.
Dyspeptic symptoms are caused by disruption of the muscles of the esophagus, which should ensure the normal movement of food into the small intestine.
Signs of pathology
Often in adults, dyspeptic symptoms occur. What are these symptoms? The most common of them include the following:
- a feeling of heaviness in the stomach and a feeling of fullness (even in the case when a small portion of food was taken);
- epigastric minor or intense pain between the navel and chest;
- heartburn;
- epigastric burning.
There are less common dyspeptic symptoms. What are these symptoms? These include nausea and bloating, which occur in connection with an indigestion. It is worth remembering that these manifestations may indicate other disorders.
In some cases, a sign of serious illness can be dyspeptic symptoms. What are these symptoms? This list includes frequent vomiting with the presence of blood, loss of appetite and weight, difficulty swallowing food, increased sweating, shortness of breath, pain when chewing in the jaw, arms and neck, as well as discomfort in the abdomen that occurs outside the epigastric zone. The occurrence of these symptoms is an occasion for visiting a doctor.
Pathology elimination
If dyspeptic manifestations are episodic in nature, then you can alleviate the signs of an upset digestive system without the use of drugs. At the same time, tonic drinks, coffee and alcohol should be excluded from the daily diet. Eating must be done in small portions. Food should be chewed carefully and slowly. During this period, smoking and the use of drugs that irritate the gastric mucosa should be stopped, for example, Aspirin, as well as anti-inflammatory drugs. It takes more time to rest.
Medicines are prescribed by a specialist in the case when the patient complains of more severe dyspeptic symptoms. What are these drugs? These are funds belonging to the group of antacids that reduce acid production. With dyspepsia, medications are recommended that contribute to the normalization of intestinal motility. The doctor may be prescribed H2 blockers. These are drugs that lower the level of acidity in the stomach, but do it more slowly than antacids. Such medicines include Nimetidine, Nizatidine, Famotidine, and others.
Only with a doctor's prescription can more powerful drugs that reduce acidity be purchased. These are Omeprazole, Pantoprazole, Esomeprazole and others. These drugs are most effective for gastroesophageal reflux.
In the case when the symptoms of dyspepsia are a consequence of a slowdown in the digestion of food, prokinetics are used. They help stimulate the muscular activity of the digestive tract. Such drugs, in particular, include Metoclopramide.