In the article, we will consider the instructions for use and reviews for the Penester drug.
This tool is a synthetic drug that is designed to treat benign prostatic hyperplasia in men. The composition of this medication includes a specific inhibitor of intracellular enzymes, under the influence of which there is a decrease in the size of the gland, and the severity of the symptoms accompanying such diseases is also significantly reduced.
Pharmacological properties
According to the instructions to Penester, this medicine contains finasteride, which is a synthetic azasteroid chemical compound. It is considered a competitive specific type 5Ξ±-reductase inhibitor of the second type. It is an intracellular enzyme that converts testosterones into active androgens - dihydrotestosterones (DHT). With the development of benign prostatic hyperplasia, an increase in this organ depends on the conversion of testosterone to DHT in the prostate. In addition, this active element very effectively reduces the concentration of DHT in the blood and in the cells of the prostate gland. Inhibition of the formation of DHT is usually accompanied by a decrease in the size of the prostate, an increase in the rate of urination and a decrease in the symptoms associated with prostatic hyperplasia in men.
So it is said in the instructions for use to "Penester".
According to the results of numerous clinical trials in which patients with moderate and significantly symptomatic symptoms of such a disease participated, who also had an increase in prostate volume, the substance reduced the frequency of urinary retention, and the frequency of the need for surgery (transurethral resection of this organ or prostatectomy) reduced almost doubled. Similar results of the change were also associated with the elimination of the symptoms of the disease itself, a steady decrease in the volume of the prostate gland in volumes and a steady increase in the flow rate of urine.
Pharmacokinetics
As indicated by the instructions to the Penester, the maximum concentration of finasteride in the blood is reached approximately two hours after the oral administration of this medication. The absorption of this substance from the digestive tract is completed after approximately seven hours. The bioavailability of the main element of the drug is approximately 80% of the intravenous reference dosage and is independent of food intake. The binding of the drug element to plasma proteins is approximately 94%. Plasma clearance is 165 ml / min.
With prolonged therapeutic use of this medication, there is a slow accumulation of the main substance in small quantities in the organs and tissues of the body. With a daily dosage of 5 mg, the minimum concentration of the active component in the blood reaches 10 mg / ml and remains stable for some time.
This is confirmed by the instruction for the Penester tablets.
In patients receiving a medication for 7 days or more, finasteride can be found in cerebrospinal fluid. When using a drug in a dosage of 5 mg per day, finasteride in a small amount is observed in seminal fluid.
The elimination period of this drug component is on average six hours. In men, after a single oral administration of finasteride labeled with 14C, 40% of the dosage taken is excreted by the kidneys in the form of decay products (unchanged finasteride is practically not excreted by the kidneys); 58% of the drug is excreted through the intestines. In a similar study, two main finasteride metabolites were identified that have a slight inhibitory effect on 5Ξ±-reductase compared to this active substance.
The instruction manual for Penester is very detailed.
In old age
In old age, the excretion of finasteride is slightly reduced. With age, its half-life also increases. These changes do not have particular clinical significance, and a reduction in the dosage of the drug in older men is not required.
In patients who suffer from chronic renal failure, the distribution of 14C-labeled main substance when taking a single dose did not differ from that observed in healthy volunteers. The binding of this element to plasma proteins in similar patients also did not differ.
With kidney failure
With kidney failure, some of the metabolites of the main substance of the drug, which is excreted by the kidneys within normal limits, passes through the intestines. This can be manifested by an increase in the volume of finasteride metabolites in feces with a decrease in their concentration in the urine. In patients with renal failure who do not need hemodialysis, dosage adjustment of finasteride is not required.
Release forms and composition
In accordance with the instructions, Penester is made in the form of light yellow, round, biconvex tablets, which, in addition to the main active element, finasteride, contain some secondary substances, which include lactose monohydrate, corn starch, povidone K30, sodium carboxymethyl starch (type A), docusate sodium, magnesium stearate. The film membrane contains hypromellose, macrogol, titanium dioxide, talc, simethicone emulsion, iron oxide dye yellow.
Tablets of this medication are packaged in blisters, 10 or 15 pieces, as well as in cardboard boxes, 6, 4, 3 or 2 blisters.
Indications for the appointment of the drug
What else does the instruction manual for Penester tell us? The main areas in which this pharmacological drug is used is the treatment of enlargement of the prostate gland and the prevention of undesirable urological consequences in order to:
- reduce the likelihood of acute urinary retention;
- reducing the risk of the need for surgical interventions, in particular transurethral gland resection or prostatectomy;
- a decrease in the volume of the prostate gland, normalization of urination and a decrease in the severity of symptoms associated with the underlying disease;
- in combination with doxazosin to reduce the risk of progression of symptoms associated with glandular hyperplasia.
Dosage
According to the instructions for use, Penester tablets are taken orally at 5 mg once a day, regardless of the time of eating.
The duration of the therapeutic course before evaluating its effectiveness is at least six months, so the treatment with this medication should be quite long. Finasteride can be used as an independent therapy, as well as in combination with doxazosin.
There is no necessary clinical data on the use of the drug in patients with liver failure.
In patients with various stages of insufficiency, dosage adjustment is not required, since specific studies have not demonstrated any changes in the pharmacokinetic properties of finasteride.
Dosage adjustment is also not required for elderly patients, although pharmacokinetic tests indicate that the excretion of the main active element of this drug in patients older than 70 years is somewhat reduced.
This is indicated in the instructions. Analogs of the "Penester" consider below.
Side effects
A medication in some cases can cause certain disturbances in the body, which include:
- psychological disorders, decreased libido;
- skin rashes;
- violation of sexual functions, ejaculation, decreased ejaculate volume, an increase in the size of the mammary glands, as well as pain in this area;
- hypersensitivity reactions, including urticaria, itching of the skin, angioedema (including swelling of the face, lips and larynx);
- increased activity of liver transaminases;
- palpitations
- depressive disorders.
In addition, with the use of such a medicine, some laboratory data may change. When evaluating the results of the analyzes, it is necessary to take into account that in patients receiving finasteride therapy, the PSA content in the blood decreases. In addition, there may be a rapid decrease in PSA with its stabilization in the future.
Contraindications
According to the instructions for use with the Penester drug, there is a certain list of conditions in which this medication is contraindicated. These include:
- hereditary lactose intolerance, lactase deficiency, change in the absorption of galactose or glucose;
- age less than 18 years;
- high sensitivity to finasteride or other components of the drug.
With some caution, the medicine is prescribed to patients with a large amount of residual urine or a decreased urine flow rate, as well as with liver failure and elderly patients.
Special recommendations
The instructions for the preparation "Penester" must be strictly observed. In order to avoid obstructive effects, it is necessary to carefully monitor patients with a high amount of residual urine or difficulty urinating. In addition, it is necessary to take into account the possibility of the need for surgical intervention.
Until now, the benefits of using finasteride in patients with prostate cancer have not been proven. In clinical studies, the PSA level and results of a prostate biopsy were monitored, it was determined that taking finasteride does not change the frequency of detection of cancer of the gland and does not affect its frequency in patients who used finasteride.
Before starting therapy, a rectal examination and the use of other methods for the diagnosis of malignant tumors of the gland are recommended. The basic substance reduces the concentration of serum PSA by about 50% in patients with BPH, even with prostate cancer. This fact must be taken into account when assessing the content of PSA receiving therapy with finasteride, since a decrease in PSA does not exclude this dangerous disease.
During clinical trials in men taking finasteride, there were cases of the development of oncological pathologies of the mammary gland. Specialists must instruct patients to report any changes in well-being, for example, the appearance of glands in the glands, pain, gynecomastia, or discharge from the nipples in men.
This is also confirmed by the instructions for use with Penester.
Analogs
Similar medications in structure and effect are:
- "Prostamed";
- "Finast";
- "Prostasabal";
- Proscar
- "Peponen";
- Android Pro
- "Adenostop";
- Omix
- Peponen Asset;
- "Vitaprost plus";
- βThe Veda is simpleβ;
- Garbeol;
- "Veraprostan";
- Zinc Chelate
- "Prostactive";
- Karliv
- "Potential".
Reviews about the drug
There are not many reviews about this drug, since the disease treated with this drug is not particularly common among middle-aged and young men. Most often, older people are ill with them. The reviews reflect information that this medication has good effectiveness and eliminates the symptoms of hormonal enlargement of the prostate, helps to normalize urination and other symptoms associated with the underlying disease.
With regard to adverse reactions that occur against the background of such treatment, patients often observed phenomena such as severe dyspepsia at the very beginning of therapy, dizziness, excessive fatigue and lethargy, some mental disorders in the form of depression, irritability, and frequent mood swings. However, these manifestations disappeared, as a rule, at a later stage of therapy.
We reviewed the Penester medicine instructions.