For a long time people know about pestilence. What it is was described in all medieval publications devoted to medicine. However, today such a phrase is found less and less, except in remote parts of the country. Most of the disease is known as the plague. So what is it?
general information
It is best to ask a doctor about pestilence. Perhaps this specialist knows what kind of illness this is. Some believe that such a disease is completely defeated these days, but it's not so simple. The plague, which is hidden under this phrase, from ancient times frightening people, is a natural focal disease. Officially, it is classified as acute infectious disease.
The classic signs of infection are fever and skin lesions. During the examination, you can see that the lungs of the patient are most affected. One of the features is very severe intoxication. Pathology affects the lymph nodes. Today, the plague is on the list of especially dangerous infectious diseases.
What provokes
In modern medicine, the name of pestilence is plague. This disease develops if a person becomes infected with a plague stick. Mostly a natural infectious reservoir - rodents, hares and animals close to them. The infection can spread with predatory individuals whose objects of hunting are these animals.
Fleas are known to carry the plague. When an insect bites a person, infection occurs. Possible transmission with lice that live on humans. There is a risk of spreading the plague stick through ticks.
There is a danger of penetration of the pathogen if a person works with the skins of animals affected by infections. There is also a danger of getting sick if the meat of an animal infected with plague gets into food. Between people pathology spreads by airborne droplets. A person is characterized by an increased susceptibility to a pathological microorganism.
How to notice?
Pestilence ulcer manifests itself in symptoms, determined by the form of the disease. The most common bubonic form. The disease appears suddenly. At first, the patient is very shivering, the body temperature rises, the head is spinning, the muscles are weakening. Concerned about severe headaches. A person feels weak, he is sick and vomits. Pathology affects the nervous system. The man is scared, worried, begins to rave. Many tend to escape, although there is no specific goal or direction.
With a pestilence, the ability to coordinate movements suffers, speech is disturbed. The patient's gait is changing. Soon lymphadenitis or bubo joins. The site affected by this responds with severe pain, a tumor appears. Fuzzy edges are inherent in it. If you touch the zone, the person will feel pain. The skin is just hot at first, then the hue changes to dark red, then turns blue. Over time, secondary buboes appear. If the patient does not receive treatment, the site festers, opens. A fistula appears, which gradually heals.
Complications
Pestilence often leads to DIC. The term is used to denote blood coagulation inside the vascular lumen. This process is disseminated. On average, one in ten patients develop gangrenous lesions. Mostly they are localized on the feet, skin, fingers.
How to clarify?
Previously, pestilence was determined by the symptoms, namely the appearance of bubo. Today, doctors are available more advanced and accurate methods that make it possible to detect the disease earlier. They are largely repelled by the epidemiological situation. In recent years, natural foci have been quickly identified and recorded. To clarify the diagnosis, analyze the clinical condition. When a bubo appears, tissue samples are taken to evaluate the bacterial composition. Be sure to check the substance released from the ulcers.
What to do
The methods of treatment have also changed significantly compared to those that were available to people several centuries ago. The patient is immediately admitted to the hospital. Inpatient treatment in the infectious ward is indicated, antibacterial medications are prescribed to the patient. After the main course of treatment and the disappearance of all manifestations, when a full recovery is recorded, you can write out a person. Pre-thrice do sowing on bacteria. If all three times the results were negative, they are allowed to leave the medical facility. This happens a month after recovery or later. It is especially strictly necessary to keep track of the time if the pestilence was in bubonic form. After recovery, a person is registered with an infectious disease specialist for a quarter of a year.