All processes in the body occur with the participation of biologically active substances, in particular enzymes. The protein substance 5-alpha reductase belongs to this group. Unfortunately, in some cases, a failure occurs during the synthesis of active substances, which leads to malfunctions in the work of the whole organism. So what is this enzyme and in which cases do doctors use 5-alpha reductase inhibitors? What are the possible consequences of therapy? Are there any contraindications? The answers to these questions are interesting to many readers.
5-alpha reductase: what is it?
First you need to understand the basic functions of a substance. 5-alpha reductase is a protein compound whose enzyme is involved in steroidogenesis. This substance stimulates the conversion of testosterone (male sex hormone) to dihydrotestosterone, which has a more intense effect. In addition, the enzyme promotes the formation of allopregnanolone and some other neurosteroids.
5-alpha reductase is produced primarily in the organs of the reproductive system, in particular in the tissues of the prostate gland and seminal vesicles. A small amount of the enzyme is also formed in skin cells, hair follicles, and parts of the nervous system.
Why are inhibitors needed?
5-alpha reductase inhibitors are drugs that block the production of this enzyme and affect the amount of male sex hormones in the body. Today, such medicines are widely used. For example, they are often prescribed to patients suffering from acne. Drugs in this group help prevent alopecia (baldness).
There are many areas of application of drugs that inhibit the production of an enzyme such as 5-alpha reductase. DHT (dihydrotestosterone) blockers are used to treat prostatic hypertrophy. Proper medication helps reduce prostate volume during inflammation.
The effectiveness of therapy has been confirmed by numerous scientific studies conducted in laboratories with a worldwide reputation.
5-alpha-reductase inhibitors: synthetic drugs
To date, in the manufacture of drugs of this group, two main active components are used:
1. Dutasteride is a selective inhibitor and is widely used to treat benign prostatic tissue hyperplasia. The most popular drug is Avodart.
2. Finasteride - a synthetic substance that causes a decrease in the level of enzymes not only in the blood, but also directly in the tissues of the prostate. The effect lasts about 24 hours. Sometimes it is even used in the treatment of prostate cancer, although its 100% effectiveness has not been proven. The choice of drugs containing finasteride is much greater: Alfinal, Urofin, Finast, Proscar, Zerlon, Penester and some others.
Herbal Medicines
Synthetic drugs can certainly provide a more pronounced effect. But quite often, plant-based preparations are used - they affect the body more gently and are almost harmless. Such funds, by the way, are used not only for diseases of the prostate gland. They help fight baldness (including female alopecia) and acne.
To treat hyperplastic processes in the prostate, dwarf palm fruits , which are rich in phytosterols and fatty acids , are widely used. Isoflavones are another group of substances that have antiandrogenic properties. By the way, nettle has similar properties. Grass plants are widely used to strengthen hair.
Are side effects possible?
Caution is advised to take 5-alpha-reductase blockers, especially when it comes to synthetic products. The fact is that these drugs act directly on the hormonal background of the patient.
With prolonged use, many patients report changes in sexual activity. In particular, there is a violation of potency and a decrease in sexual desire. Sexual contact is often accompanied by problems: a certain erection, a short sexual intercourse, etc. Side effects include a decrease in the volume of ejaculate. Due to the decrease in the number of neurosteroids, patients develop depression, although this side effect is extremely rare.
Therapy must be carried out under the supervision of a doctor. If we are talking about herbal preparations, the body quickly gets used to them, so the effect of the drug is gradually minimized. On the other hand, herbal remedies are relatively safe for health.
Contraindications to the use of inhibitors
Not in all cases, you can take drugs that suppress the activity of an enzyme called "5-alpha-reductase." These drugs are not prescribed to patients in the presence of acute inflammatory diseases, including prostatitis.
Before drawing up a therapy regimen, it is necessary to undergo a complete diagnosis of the body. If oncology is suspected, a prostate biopsy is performed. The presence of malignant neoplasms is a contraindication to the use of the drug. Also, the medicine is not prescribed to patients in the postoperative period and in the presence of renal failure.