Diseases of the nervous system have always been considered one of the most complex and difficult to drug treatment of pathological conditions. This is due to the fact that the nervous system is the most developed and highly differentiated structure of the human body, the cells of which are practically not capable of self-healing. If the death of any one nerve fiber occurs, then this phenomenon is completely irreversible. The result of such a process will be an irrevocable loss of the functional abilities of that anatomical region, for the innervation of which the dead fiber was responsible. Many nervous disorders are the result of genetic defects that can be transmitted from generation to generation.
A striking example of a hereditarily caused pathological condition is Duchenne myopathy. Such a disease is transmitted by an autosomal recessive type of hereditary reaction and is more often manifested among the male part of the population of our planet. The latter fact is due to the fact that this inheritance is linked to sex chromosomes. The disease is based on a defect in the gene responsible for the synthesis of an important dystrophin protein, which is involved in maintaining the anatomical structure of muscle fiber. Due to the lack of dystrophin protein, muscle tissue undergoes a number of changes, as a result of which the muscle is replaced by fibrous and adipose tissue, in other words, it atrophies. Due to the fact that Duchenne’s myopathy is hereditary, it begins to manifest itself already in early childhood. Parents pay attention that their child quickly gets tired of the slightest physical exertion, becomes lethargic, soon his gait may even change and the bone skeleton may be deformed.
In the future, the pathological process only progresses, because he is subject to absolutely all the muscles of the human body. For this pathology, myopathy of the eyes is not characteristic. The muscles of the extremities, trunk, and heart are more affected. When involved in the myocardial process, secondary cardiomyopathy occurs, the heart rhythm is disturbed. Often, it is the pathology of the cardiovascular system that is the main cause of death for patients diagnosed with Duchenne myopathy. Cardinal methods of treatment of this disease still do not exist. The main principle of treatment is to improve the quality and extend the life of a person.
Duchenne myopathy can be compensated for a long time by taking corticosteroid drugs. On average, a patient needs about 800 mg of prednisone per kilogram of weight daily. In the initial stages, protein complexes with a high content of amino acids, anabolic steroids, that is, everything that can stimulate the growth of muscle tissue, are very effective. The treatment necessarily includes L-carnitine, vasoactive drugs, B vitamins (B1, B6, B12, etc.), biostimulants (aloe), alpha lipoic acid, drugs from the antioxidant group. Otherwise, with this pathology, procedures should be performed that improve trophism in the muscles. These are various physiotherapeutic techniques, physical therapy sessions and regular therapeutic massage. All this helps to reduce the progression of the disease and the development of articular and muscle contractures, which significantly limit the patient's motor activity. In order to reduce stiffness, various orthopedic mechanisms and structures are used. In more severe cases, when the contractures are pronounced and interfere not only with movement, but even with sitting and lying, surgical operations are performed for palliative purposes.