The instructions enclosed in the ampicillin preparation are unlikely to tell the story of the appearance of this drug and its advantages. In modern pharmacology, both cephalosporins and penicillins are combined into a group of betalactam antibiotics (betalactams). The drugs in this group are the most effective drugs in modern antibiotic therapy. Their bactericidal effect and high activity in relation mainly to gram-positive bacteria, the ability to quickly exert an antibacterial effect and the predominant effect on bacteria that are in the proliferation stage, was highly appreciated by physicians all over the world. Betalactams also have an amazing ability to penetrate into the cell and already inside to infect the pathogens located there. The effectiveness of the treatment process is increased due to the fact that microorganisms are not able to quickly develop resistance to them. In addition, betalactam antibiotics have a relatively low toxicity, they are well tolerated even with prolonged use in large doses.
The penicillin group combines drugs with high chemotherapeutic efficacy and antimicrobial selectivity. Today, these drugs can rightly be called ideal medicines. According to their antimicrobial effect, penicillins are equated with physiologically active substances, which are responsible for the body's immune functions, lysozyme is an example of such a substance.
Despite the positive properties of penicillins, pharmacologists have long been concerned about a number of their shortcomings. These include the possibility of sensitization - an increased likelihood of allergic reactions. Also, the effectiveness of drugs was reduced by the rapid excretion of penicillins from the body and the effectiveness of the action only during the period when microbial cell division occurs. The creation of semi-synthetic penicillins helped to cope with these and many other shortcomings .
Ampicillin is included in this group of penicillins, possessing the properties of a broad-spectrum drug. The instruction among the indications for the use of this drug distinguishes the treatment of pyelitis, salmonellosis, pneumonia, glomerulonephritis, bronchitis, sinusitis and a number of other diseases.
Medical practice involves the use of a medicinal product in the following forms: ampicillin trihydrate, ampicillin sodium salt and ampicillin itself. The instructions clearly indicate that the doctor and prescribing procedures for each specific case of infection are prescribed. You can’t experiment with this medicine. In addition, the doctor chooses the most appropriate way to take the drug ampicillin. Injections are prescribed in rare cases. This is usually an inward administration.
According to the form of release, it is 0.25 gram capsules or tablets. Ampicillin powder may also be taken. The dosage suspension is calculated depending on the one-time administration of the active substance prescribed by the doctor.
Externally, ampicillin is a fine crystalline white powder. It tastes bitter. It is poorly soluble in water, practically insoluble in chloroform, nor in ethanol, nor in ether. Ampicillin sodium salt can be in the form of a powder or a porous mass of white or a creamy hue. Easily soluble in water, in alcohol. It exhibits hygroscopic properties. Ampicillin trihydrate is a white crystalline powder. It is soluble in water; in ethanol, it is practically insoluble.
Does not recommend the use of ampicillin instructions in cases of hypersensitivity to penicillins, with infectious mononucleosis, liver failure, lymphocytic leukemia, children up to one month old. Contraindications for gastrointestinal diseases are possible.