In about half of the world's people, fungal diseases are an integral part of their microflora. If a person has a decrease in immunity or an imbalance in the chemistry of the body, the harmful fungus passes into the stage of active reproduction, forming peculiar colonies by its actions, due to which in the future the thrush of the oral cavity in adults forms, which has many symptoms.
Causes
The following factors contribute to the increased activity of the fungus:
- decreased immunity and the formation of immunodeficiency;
- when a woman is in position, her body weakens, and this entails a decrease in immunity, hormonal changes occur and the metabolism is disturbed;
- the presence in a person of chronic or hereditary diseases;
- if a person quite often takes medications that have a negative effect on his immunity, this can include cytostatics and corticosteroids;
- quite a long antibiotic treatment, Candida fungus can easily resist the favorite antibiotic, but other bacteria die, which creates ideal conditions for fungi to develop, since they do not meet any competitors in their path;
- lack of certain groups of vitamins in the body;
- bad habits: excessive alcohol consumption, smoking or taking drugs;
- treatment through radiation therapy;
- use of oral contraceptives;
- any, even the smallest injury to the oral mucosa;
- the presence of artificial teeth;
- such a fungus is considered contagious and can be transmitted to another person through a kiss, through the use of a patient’s toothbrush, and the bacterium can be transmitted through dishes;
- You can get the fungus from contact with animals, you should especially carefully watch children playing with pets, since the disease can also go to them.
Symptoms
The localization of oral candidiasis is dependent on immunity, age, the presence of other diseases, the use of medications and a number of other points. Directly thrush is called acute pseudomembranous candidiasis, which is quite common.
However, this is just the only kind of disease provided. This form of pathology is most common, especially at a young age. In mature people, it usually mates with other diseases, for example, with malignant tumors or with diabetes.
As a rule, thrush takes root on the mucous membrane of the lips, palate, cheeks and tongue. They become dry, white spots appear on them, with their appearance they evoke memories of cottage cheese or curdled milk. At the initial stage of the disease, the plaque is simply removed with a spatula, and under it a swollen flat plane is noted. When the disease is complicated, the plaque changes its own structure, becomes impenetrable and more difficult to remove, and under it is an erosive plane. Of the pronounced signs, one can identify severe pain when eating food, especially acute, and even systematic burning in the mouth.
Acute atrophic candidiasis
This form is characterized by severe burning, dryness. The mucous membrane turns red, and the tongue becomes oily and shiny. Snow-white spots, as a rule, are absent or are only in thorough folds, they are removed with great difficulty.
Acquired hyperplastic candidiasis
This form is characterized by a strong coating. If the disease progresses for a long time, plaque is impregnated with fibrin, yellowish-gray films are observed, which are quite strongly bonded to the mucosa.
Acquired atrophic candidiasis
This form of the disease, as a rule, is observed in those who have artificial teeth. Burning, dryness and pain in the mouth are characteristic, especially in the space where the prosthesis touches the mouth. As a rule, this place becomes red.
Varieties of thrush in the mouth in adults
Oral candidiasis is of three types:
- On the gums. The phenomenon is not uncommon. Education in mature people is considered a prerequisite for incorrect dental hygiene or occurs when using oral contraceptives. Smokers and those who have artificial teeth can get sick. Methods of treating pathology are no different from others. If you wear dentures, they must be washed and brushed, then left in a chlorhexidine solution overnight. After you put on the dentures again, they cannot be brushed with fluoride-based pastes for a very long time, so as not to weaken the effects of chlorhexidine.
- Oropharyngeal thrush. This type of oral candidiasis is mostly distributed between mature people, because usually it occurs as a result of taking medication. The beneficial microflora of the oral cavity is inhibited, and pathogenic bacteria develop instead. A feature of this form of candidiasis is that it is extremely difficult to detect it in the early stages. The patient's temperature remains at a normal level, there is no change in taste, and plaque areas are very small. Most often, the presented form of thrush proceeds autonomously after completing the course of taking strong substances. In advanced cases, immunostimulants and antimycotics are used for healing.
- Candidiasis at the corners of the mouth. This form of the disease is less common. First, it forms in the corners of the mouth in the form of small cracks that can become large with time.
Thrush on the corners of the mouth
Background of the disease:
- the presence of deep folds on the skin;
- rich salivation;
- teeth of irregular shape that can injure the epithelium of the mouth;
- artificial teeth;
- misses of the doctor during prosthetics, which led to a change in the occlusion of the teeth.
Methods for treating symptoms of thrush in the mouth in adults
For the treatment of pathology, pharmaceutical agents are used that have a complex effect on the whole organism. These are methods of combating fungus (drugs or imidazoles) that can eliminate candida not only in the mouth, but throughout the body. In addition, during the treatment, the doctor can prescribe substances that are able to fight various microbes and parasites that provoke infection.
A weighty role is also given to general strengthening therapy aimed at increasing and maintaining immunity. For this, certain groups of vitamins will be used. They initiate positive processes in the body and increase its defenses. To completely eliminate the disease, you must still take other medications. All medicines should be prescribed by the doctor personally. In addition, the treatment of this disease involves adhering to a certain diet. It is necessary to remove sweet and flour products, because they contribute to the propagation of mushrooms. Spicy, sour, salty foods irritate the mucous membranes, intensifying negative symptoms, as a result of which it is also worth giving up.
Local therapy
In the treatment of symptoms of thrush in the mouth in adults, a photo of which is not attached for ethical reasons, local agents play a significant role. They can help remove the signs of the disease, stop the multiplication of candida, and resume the tissue damaged by the fungus. These can be applications with iodine-based compounds, rinses with alkaline mixtures and antiseptic solutions, resorption of candies with an antibiotic.
In the treatment of candidiasis, special dental gels proved to be excellent. Great for Holisal. It has anesthetic and anti-inflammatory effects. Anesthetic effect is observed after 2-3 minutes and is saved up to eight hours.
An important role in the treatment of candidiasis is played by a visit to the dentist in order to eradicate dental diseases, malocclusions and missed prosthetics. In addition, it is important to observe oral hygiene: brush your teeth twice a day, apply a mouth rinse after eating. Artificial teeth at the stage of treatment should be treated with antifungal agents. On average, the treatment of thrush in the mouth in mature people lasts from fourteen to twenty-one days. Therapy should continue with the time indicated by the doctor, even if the symptoms have been eliminated. This will help avoid a recurrence of the disease.
Treatment with folk remedies
Oral thrush is characterized by whitish-cream spots, they are seen on the inner walls of the cheeks and tongue. Over time, the heel turns into ulcers that hurt quite badly, and with miserable damage, blood begins to flow from them.
A great risk of developing this pathology in a person who has artificial teeth, they can also lead to constant irritation and the inflammatory process. No need to discount and diabetics, HIV-infected people with cancer and immunocompromised.
However, as a leading prerequisite for thrush, mature people may have excessive consumption of sugar and the products in which it is contained. For example, yeast needs glucose and a moist environment to fully live.
Home methods for healing the disease in adults
Here are known ways to treat the signs and symptoms of thrush in the mouth in adults:
- Proper nutrition. The diet should contain important elements in the fight against thrush. Leafy greenish vegetables such as spinach and broccoli are recommended. In nutrition, it is necessary to maintain balance, it must have a large amount of fiber. Beware of refined sugars and products that have been cooked hard. No need to refuse food from ordinary carbohydrates, such as snow-white bread or rice.
- Garlic and onion have powerful anti-fungal properties. It is necessary to apply a combination of these ingredients in the manufacture of food. Eat them with the main course.
- Food containing probiotics will help to quickly resume the number of positive microorganisms. Such products enable the body to renew the line of defense.
- The main product with probiotics is yogurt. It contains acidophilus, which is related to microbes, and it, in turn, helps to keep the development of fungal infection. It is also called a cure for the symptoms of thrush in the mouth in adults caused by a fungus. There are also supplements with acidophilus in capsule form, which must be taken several times during the day until the disease goes away.
- A small can of yogurt has a huge amount of healthy bacteria, they can help cure the disease and improve digestion. Eat twice a day yoghurts with live enzymes.
Observing all the recommendations and prescriptions of a doctor, you can successfully cope with the disease. It is important to take preventive measures to significantly reduce the risk of relapse. Compliance with oral hygiene, proper nutrition, a healthy lifestyle - the key to good health.