Pancreatic exacerbation usually refers to pancreatitis. But there are other ailments that affect this organ. All violations of its functions worsen well-being and interfere with normal life. Such pathologies need timely detection and adequate therapy. One treatment option is to follow a special diet.
The role of the pancreas
The organ is of great importance. He is responsible for the production of insulin and the substances involved in the digestion of food.
Any exacerbation of the pancreas provokes unpleasant symptoms and jeopardizes the patient's life. No organ is capable of assuming its functions. This means that the process of assimilation of nutrients during inflammation is not carried out normally.
Exacerbation of the pancreas is accompanied by the death of tissues. Cells cease their activity. The mechanism of insulin production is disrupted, which leads to diabetes mellitus. This disease is often found in patients with pancreatitis. In addition, with inflammation, the compressed ducts of the gland are not able to remove enzymes into the intestinal cavity. Under the influence of digestive juices, cell death occurs. Adipose tissue is transformed into connective tissue, but it cannot normally perform its functions. The chronic type of pancreatitis is characterized by mild symptoms. Exacerbation of the pancreas dramatically worsens the patient's condition.
Why does pathology arise?
Regardless of the type of ailment, there are common causes of its appearance. Among the factors that provoke the disease, you can name:
- Frequent drinking.
- Pathologies of an infectious nature.
- Mechanical damage.
- Bad heredity.
- Tendency to allergic manifestations.
- Abuse of harmful products (salty, pickled foods, pastries, carbonated drinks).
Exacerbation of the pancreas is divided into several types. The forms of pathology are described in the next section.
Varieties
There are several types of acute inflammation of this organ. These include:
- Purulent type of pancreatitis.
- Inflammation accompanied by edema.
- Hemorrhagic type of pathology.
- An ailment accompanied by the death of tissues.
The disease is accompanied by many manifestations. The nature and intensity of the signs are determined by the individual characteristics of the person. But specialists are able to diagnose an ailment by some common symptoms.
Manifestations
Exacerbation of the pancreas is accompanied by the following symptoms:
- Discomfort of herpes zoster. Unpleasant sensations are localized in the upper part of the peritoneum, between the ribs.
- Attacks of repeated vomiting, which is accompanied by an acceleration of the rhythm.
- Frequent and loose stools with a pungent odor and yellow in color. Semi-digested food fragments are found in feces.
- Temperature rise.
- White plaque on the surface of the tongue.
- A feeling of bitterness in the oral cavity.
- Flatulence.
Symptoms appear regardless of food intake. However, after eating, the patient's condition becomes worse. He suffers from nausea and bouts of vomiting. Such signs indicate that the body can not cope with the function of assimilation of nutrients. After taking analgesics, discomfort decreases only for a short time.
Other symptoms
If the patient does not seek the help of a doctor, his condition becomes even more serious. There are such manifestations:
- Headache.
- Myocardial malfunctions.
- Overwork.
- Swelling in the area of the affected organ. Edema is the result of severe inflammation. Tissues, increasing in volume, compress other organs. As a result, there is a violation of the discharge of bile. The skin turns yellow.
- The appearance of bluish spots on the upper and lower extremities, in the navel.
- Darkening of urine, a decrease in its volume.
- Impaired consciousness.
With exacerbation of the pancreas, treatment should be timely. After all, attacks of vomiting and frequent stools contribute to dehydration, which threatens not only health but also life.
Therapy
Assistance to the patient is provided only in a hospital setting. After emergency workers deliver the patient to a medical facility, he needs to undergo a diagnosis. Such events include:
- Laboratory tests of biological material (blood, feces, urine).
- Assessment of the state of the peritoneal organs using ultrasound.
- Computed tomography.
- FGDS.
If the alleged diagnosis is confirmed, the doctor prescribes appropriate therapy. Since alternative methods of combating the disease are not able to influence the cause of the pathological process, they should not be used as the main method. It is better to use medicines under the supervision of a specialist. Treatment of the inflammatory process involves:
- Taking painkillers.
- The introduction of plasma in freshly frozen form.
- The use of albumin (intravenously).
- Droppers with solutions containing salts.
- Removal of toxic substances from the blood by purifying it.
Surgical intervention is used in difficult situations when the pathology is advanced.
If the patient's condition can normalize even without surgery, medications and a special diet are recommended. Diet for pancreatic pancreatitis with exacerbation plays an important role, because it helps to relieve the body of the load and allow it to recover.
How to eat in the presence of inflammation?
If the patient has severe discomfort, he should completely refuse food for 3 days. To reduce discomfort, lotions with cold water are applied, which are applied to the area of the affected organ. During fasting, a person needs to be constantly in bed. For the first 3 days, the diet for exacerbation of the pancreas is very strict and can include only liquid (weakly brewed tea without sugar, a decoction of wild rose or oats, a mineral water without gas). Then, in the diet, you can add drying or biscuits in small volumes, a broth made from vegetables. On the fifth or seventh day, the patient is allowed to eat a little mashed carrot or potato steamed, porridge cooked in water (barley, pearl barley or millet are excluded). After steady improvement, the diet is expanded. It includes a paste of boiled filet of white fish of lean varieties, casserole from low-fat cottage cheese, kissel.
Introducing new foods into the diet, it is necessary to study the body's response to them. On how strictly the patient adheres to the correct diet, his further state of health depends. The patient should be clearly aware of the permitted and prohibited products.
Recommended Foods
What can I eat with an exacerbation of the pancreas? The list of products that are useful for patients includes:
- Sour-milk foods with a low fat content (for example, homemade cottage cheese or yogurt without additives with a non-sour taste).
- Puddings, casseroles, steamed or in an oven.
- Mashed or boiled vegetables.
- Porridge from ground cereals.
- Pasta.
- Dried wheat flour bread.
- First courses in the form of mashed potatoes.
- Steamed egg white omelettes.
- Baked fruits.
- Compotes from dried fruits, berry jelly.
- Jelly and mousse.
- A decoction made from rose hips.
- Poorly brewed tea.
- Non-carbonated mineral water with a high alkali content.
What should not be eaten?
In addition to the list of products that can be with exacerbation of pancreatic pancreatitis, there is an extensive list of prohibited foods. Here are the dishes that it is advisable to refuse:
- Fatty types of meat (pulp of pork, goose or duck), strong decoctions of them.
- Legumes
- Sausage, smoked meats, canned foods.
- Fresh baked goods, wholemeal bread, fried pies, tortillas.
- Some types of cereals (barley, corn, pearl barley).
- High-fat dairy foods.
- Fat.
- White cabbage, sorrel.
- Tasteful vegetables.
- Fat.
- Salty and pickled dishes.
- Mushrooms.
- Berries and fruits with a sour taste.
- Desserts (ice cream, sweets, chocolate).
- Confectionery.
- Spicy seasonings and gravy.
- Drinks containing ethyl alcohol and caffeine.
- Juices from packages.
- Soda.
The menu for exacerbation of the pancreas should exclude too sour, bitter or sweet foods. It contributes to tissue irritation, enhances discomfort.
Ration example
This chapter provides a one-day diet sample.
Breakfast includes steamed rice cereal pudding, low-fat cheese, wheat flour bread, dried fruit broth. A little later, you can eat mashed vegetables and tea with the addition of rosehip berries. In the afternoon, mashed potatoes with fish meatballs, weak tea with a little sugar substitute are recommended. At midday, drying with fruit jelly is offered. Evening meals include mashed vegetarian soup, casserole made from cottage cheese.
Before going to bed, a glass of low-fat drinking yogurt is recommended.
The menu for exacerbation of pancreatic pancreatitis may vary depending on the personal preferences of the patient. However, it is essential that only permitted foods and dishes are present.