Paraproctitis is a purulent inflammation that develops in fatty tissue, which is located around the rectum and anal sphincter. It can be chronic or acute. Acute paraproctitis occurs when suppuration occurs in adipose tissue. Chronic can be manifested by pararectal fistulas or fistulas that surround the anus, and in most cases are formed after an acute form of paraproctitis.
Forms of acute paraproctitis
Each of the forms of acute paraproctitis has its own characteristics, determined by the following varieties, which depend on the etiology of the disease:
- traumatic;
- specific;
- anaerobic;
- plain.
Depending on the location of fistulas, abscesses and nerves, paraproctitis is distinguished:
- necrotic;
- pelviorectal;
- submucous;
- retrorectal;
- ischiorectal;
- subcutaneous.
Causes of paraproctitis
Among the factors that contribute to the development of paraproctitis can be identified:
- diabetes;
- atherosclerosis;
- a weakened immune system due to alcoholism, previous sore throat or flu, exhaustion;
- hemorrhoids;
- cracks in the anus ;
- frequent constipation.
Symptoms of paraproctitis, acute form
The acute form of paraproctitis cannot be called ordinary suppuration, which is formed in pararectal fiber. It is not worth saying that this is a banal suppuration, similar to an abscess or a boil, which often form when an infection appears in the external perianal region. Symptoms of paraproctitis are often manifested by the formation of purulent fistulas. The acute form of the disease is characterized by an acute onset and severity of clinical manifestations, which are determined by stopping the focus of inflammation, its size, and the characteristic features of the causative agent that provoked it. Pus, formed in the rectal rectal fiber, does not find a way out, so the abscess spreads further and more intensively. The specific symptoms of paraproctitis significantly depend on the location of the focus. The onset of the disease is characterized by the occurrence of a headache, weakness, general malaise. Body temperature -37.5 ° C and more. The occurrence of chills, aches in the joints and muscles, lack of appetite. Disorders of stool and urination, painful urge to defecate, painful urination may appear . In addition, there is a possibility of pain sensations of various intensities, which are concentrated in the lower abdomen, in the small pelvis and rectum.
All of these symptoms of paraproctitis correspond to all forms of acute paraproctitis. But each type of disease has its own characteristic signs.
Treatment
Acute paraproctitis is only treated by surgery. The operation consists in opening the focus of infection and removing existing non-viable areas. If this form of the disease is accompanied by the formation of a fistulous passage, then the surgeon excises it. At the end of the operation, a drainage is installed, thanks to which pus has the opportunity to freely flow beyond the borders of the affected area.