The normal functioning of the human respiratory system provides him with normal life activity in general. Any disorders and diseases cause discomfort and force you to take various measures. In this article, a disease such as tracheal dyskinesia will be considered. Below you can find out about the causes of its occurrence, diagnosis and treatment methods.
Description of the disease
Tracheal dyskinesia is a disease that affects the person’s bronchi and lungs and complicates the breathing process. In addition, it disrupts the trachea, which acts as a channel for air movement. With dyskinesia of the bronchi and trachea, the membranous wall of the respiratory tube weakens, and sometimes completely atrophies, which leads to a noticeable narrowing of the trachea and bronchi. Thus, the amplitude of the respiratory movements increases, which is one of the symptoms for diagnosis. The disease progresses with rapid coughing and breathing.
Distinguish tracheal dyskinesia of the 1st degree, when the tracheobronchial walls do not close and the degree of narrowing of the channel does not reach a maximum of 2/3, and the 2nd degree, when the walls are closed and there is an absolute expiratory collapse. Thus, the disease complicates the process of extracting the contents of the bronchi by expectoration, which entails difficulties in breathing and intolerance to physical exertion.
Symptoms
Most diseases of the respiratory tract require immediate intervention by a specialist, therefore it is extremely important to notice the onset of signs of the disease in time. The characteristic symptoms of tracheal dyskinesia are:
- dyspnea;
- sore throat;
- the appearance of "wheezing" in the voice;
- feeling of "stopping breathing";
- lingering dry cough.
Some patients experienced excessive sweating, headache, and asthma attacks. In the most severe cases, fainting lasting up to five minutes, confusion of thoughts, hallucinations, inexplicable fear and complete disorientation were noticed.
Causes
Scientists have not yet identified the root cause of tracheal dyskinesia, which causes many difficulties for the diagnosis and treatment of this disease. Today, science knows only one irrefutable fact that the weakening or complete atrophy of the membranous wall is provoked by the innate structural features of the main bronchi and trachea.
There is also an opinion that dyskinesia can be transmitted from generation to generation and is a genetic abnormality. The fact that the disease may have some seasonal causative agent is evidenced by the fact that exacerbation of tracheal dyskinesia was most often observed in patients in the summer.
Diagnostics
To diagnose the disease, the doctor, after collecting the initial history, carries out an endoscopic examination of the patient. With its help, the general condition of the tracheal tube and main bronchi is examined. After this, an analysis of cough samples may be required.
The complex of the above procedures provides the doctor with a complete picture of the patient's respiratory tract. In some cases, an x-ray of the chest area is also necessary. During its conduct, the patient drinks a small amount of barium solution so that during radiation the breathing tube looks more contrasted against the background of the esophagus adjacent to it. X-ray examination has established itself as the most informative, accurate and fairly simple way to diagnose airways.
Treatment
Due to the fact that scientists still have not identified the exact cause of this disease, it is quite difficult to make a diagnosis and even more effective treatment. Despite this, there are a number of effective methods for treating trochea dyskinesia. All of them include the use of either exclusively medications, only the methods of traditional medicine.
When diagnosing dyskinesia, a doctor usually compiles a complex of medications for treatment, consisting of cough tablets, antidepressants, anti-inflammatory and anticholinergics. Drugs aimed at eliminating cough should include codeine. It not only blocks coughing, but also prevents the development of complications in the airways.
The complex of medicines and dosages are calculated by the doctor based on what stage of progress the disease is currently at. Antiviral and anti-inflammatory drugs, vitamins and drugs aimed at increasing general immunity are considered essential elements in treatment.
Traditional medicine in the treatment of tracheal dyskinesia advises to direct all efforts to strengthen the walls of the transverse trachea. For this, breathing exercises, electrophoresis, acupressure and general massage of the chest area are practiced. Among the methods used include calcium ionization. During treatment, it is important to promptly stop the CBS. Since any attack of even a slight cough can lead to a lowering of the tongue or asphyxiation.
If medication and treatment have failed, surgery may be necessary. But it is important to understand that this operation is considered difficult and can lead to a number of unpredictable consequences.
Conclusion
Thus, trochea dyskinesia is a functional lesion of the respiratory system, namely the bronchi and trachea. A disease can be caused both by a genetic predisposition and by the influence of a number of external factors, including fungal diseases, transmitted viral infections, diseases of a bacterial or toxic nature.
It is important to remember that during a long and laborious treatment of tracheal dyskinesia, it is necessary to observe a proper diet, and in order to prevent the disease, overcooling of the body and infection with viral infections should be avoided.