What do you know about Xylometazoline? Instructions for use, the composition of this drug will be described below. From the same article, you will learn about how much this medication costs, whether it is prescribed for children, in what form it is produced, what contraindications and side effects you should be aware of.
Form, description, composition, packaging
You can buy the mentioned tool in the following forms:
- 0.05% or 0.1% xylometazoline nasal drops. Instructions for use states that the active component of this drug is xylometazoline hydrochloride. As auxiliary elements, sodium hydrogen phosphate, sodium chloride, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and benzalkonium chloride are used. On sale, a clear, colorless or yellowish nasal solution is supplied in polymer bottles with a dispenser.
- 0.05% and 0.1% xylometazoline aerosol (spray). Instructions for use report that xylometazoline hydrochloride is also the main component of this medication. In addition, it contains inactive ingredients in the form of disodium edetate dihydrate, sodium hydrogen phosphate, eucalyptus oil, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, benzalkonium chloride, sodium chloride, sorbitol, macrogol glyceryl hydroxystearate and glycerol. The drug is packaged in polymer bottles with a nebulizer, which are enclosed in cardboard boxes.
- Xylometazolin gel. The instructions for use states that this form of the drug also contains the active element in the form of xylometazoline hydrochloride. In addition, the medication includes the following auxiliary components: glycerol, carbomer, propylene glycol, ammonia solution, propyl paraben, ethanol, water and methyl paraben.
Pharmacological properties
What is xylometazoline? Instructions for use (the price of the medication is indicated below) states that it is a decongestant, anti-congestive and vasoconstrictor. Its active substance is a derivative of imidazoline.
The drug is able to stimulate the α1 and α2 adrenoreceptors of the vessels of the nasopharyngeal mucosa. As a result of this effect, edema and hyperemia of the mucosa are reduced, and the amount of discharge from the nose is also reduced.
After using a local remedy, the patient's breathing is noticeably easier. This medication is especially often used for allergic conditions, rhinitis and various diseases of the paranasal sinuses.
How does xylometazoline spray work? Instructions for use informs that this form of the drug additionally contains eucalyptus oil. This gives it anti-inflammatory and antibacterial properties. The use of aerosol helps to reduce swelling of the nasal mucosa.
As a rule, the action of the drug in question manifests itself after hours and lasts about 10 hours.
Pharmacokinetics of the drug
What pharmacokinetic parameters does the Xylometazoline medication have? Instructions for use states that the study of these properties has not been conducted. With local use of the drug, its absorption is sufficient for the development of systemic effects.
Indications
From what can be used the medication in question? According to the instructions, this remedy is prescribed:
- with rhinopharyngitis;
- rhinitis of various etiologies (viral, allergic, bacterial, traumatic);
- otitis media and eustachitis.
Also, "Xylometazoline" is used to facilitate secretion during sinusitis and diagnostic procedures in the nasal passages.
Contraindications
Does the local drug Xylometazoline have contraindications? Instructions for use (for children and adults, the drug is used equally often) reports the following prohibitions:
- age up to two years;
- angina pectoris;
- tachycardia;
- hypertonic disease;
- glaucoma;
- prostatic hyperplasia;
- severe atherosclerosis;
- diabetes;
- thyrotoxicosis;
- atrophic pharyngitis and chronic rhinitis;
- hypersensitivity to the drug.
With extreme caution, this remedy is prescribed during pregnancy. In pediatric practice, the drug is not used at a concentration of 0.1% (up to two years).
Local remedy "Xylometazoline": instructions for the drug
The use of this medication should be carried out only intranasally.
0.1% drops in the nose are prescribed to adult patients, 2 drops in each nasal passage with a frequency of three times a day.
0.1% spray is used in adults with one click (i.e. 0.1 mg) in each nasal passage. To do this, the applicator is inserted into the nose, but at the same time, the vertical position of the container is maintained. Injection of a drug substance is carried out three times a day every eight hours.
0.1% gel is prescribed to adult patients 3 drops three times a day.
Due to possible systemic absorption and the occurrence of side effects, all dosages recommended by your doctor should be strictly observed.
Apply any form of medication should not be more than five days. It is forbidden to use the drug for a long time with chronic rhinitis.
In the event that there are crusts in the nasal cavity, it is better to use 0.1% gel.
With a missed dosage, the subsequent dose should not be doubled.
Side effects
Does the drug “Xylometazoline” (drops) cause adverse reactions? The instruction for use states that any form of the medication in question can cause the following unwanted effects:
- sneezing
- burning in the throat and nose;
- insomnia;
- mucosal irritation;
- increase in blood pressure;
- dry nasopharyngeal mucosa;
- vomiting
- headache;
- visual impairment;
- dizziness;
- tachycardia;
- increased irritability;
- heart rhythm disturbance;
- swelling of the nasal mucosa;
- depression.
Drug overdose
When using high doses of the drug, the patient may experience the following symptoms: cyanosis, dilated pupils, vomiting, arrhythmia, nausea, pulmonary edema, fever, respiratory failure, tachycardia, hypertension, cardiac arrest and mental disorders.
Signs such as drowsiness, coma, bradycardia and apnea indicate a suppression of the central nervous system.
As a treatment for such conditions, gastric lavage, artificial respiration, sorbents and drugs are taken to lower blood pressure, as well as anticonvulsants and antipyretics.
Drug interaction
Drugs that excite the sympathetic system can enhance the effect of "Xylometazoline."
This medication can not be combined with antidepressants and MAO inhibitors, since their interaction contributes to the appearance of a hypertensive crisis.
Analogs and price
How much is the local drug "Xylometazoline"? You can buy this tool in drops for 68-75 rubles, and in the form of a gel and spray - for 53-63 rubles.
As for analogues, the following drugs are considered to be the most common: Meralis, Farmazolin, Tizin Xilo, Farmazolin N, Otrivin with menthol and eucalyptus, Galazolin, Otrivin, Xylofefa ".
Reviews about the drug
Reviews about the local drug "Xylometazoline" are more positive. Patients note the effectiveness and duration of action of this medication.
According to reviews, it is rather difficult to dose the drug in the form of drops, since part of the solution inevitably enters the throat, which contributes to the appearance of side effects. Therefore, most patients prefer to use a metered-dose spray.
Many people report the following adverse reactions after using the drug: neurosis, insomnia, and anxious agitation.
Also, some patients talk about ricochet congestion, called drug rhinitis. Long-term use of the medication contributes to vasoconstriction, which is replaced by the resumption of secretions and increased blood flow. Nasal congestion also returns.
With prolonged use of the drug, atrophy of the nasal mucosa develops . To avoid such phenomena, you should limit the use of the drug to 3 days.