Very often, many patients ask themselves: "Pain in the anus - what to do?" In such a situation, you need not to engage in self-diagnosis and treatment, but immediately seek qualified help. If you have unpleasant sensations in the anus, you should visit a proctologist. This symptomatology is accompanied by many diseases of the rectum, as well as other disorders. Diagnosis is carried out in different ways, and treatment is prescribed on the basis of the diagnosis. To exclude pain in the anus, it is recommended to carry out preventive measures.
Causes of pain
Pain in the anus can occur for various reasons, in most cases it indicates the development of pathologies of the rectum. These diseases are similar to each other, but belong to different types. It is impossible to determine the violation without examination.
Provoke diseases of the rectum, as well as pain can factors such as:
- Overcooling or overwork of the body.
- Weakened immune system.
- The penetration of pathogens into the body.
- Promiscuous sexual intercourse.
- Failure to comply with basic hygiene rules.
In most cases, patients neglect the pain in the anus, thereby allowing the disease to progress further. You should pay attention to this symptom if it is observed constantly and is accompanied by other unpleasant signs.
Causes of Drawing Pain
Drawing pain in this area is an integral symptom of the chronic process. It must be understood that this symptom, like a neglected disease, cannot be removed by the standard medication method. Therefore, experts prescribe surgical intervention.
Causes of pain in the anus of a pulling character:
- Diarrhea, constipation, hemorrhoids.
- Muscle spasm in the sphincter.
- Mechanical damage.
- Sores and fistulas.
- Oncology.
- Infectious diseases.
- In women: ovarian cyst, rupture of the mucous surface of the vagina.
Also, pain can occur as a result of injury, diseases of the pelvic organs or urethra. This symptom is very often observed in women in the first days of menstruation.
Causes of bowel pain
Very often, patients experience pain in the anus after defecation. Specialists associate this symptom with diseases of the rectum, which include:
- Hemorrhoids. At an early stage of the disease, the pain is mild, frequent constipation is noted. Sharp pain and burning sensation occur as the pathology develops.
- Anal fissures. They arise as a result of trauma to the mucous surface of the anus. Damage can occur due to constipation. In this situation, the patient may complain of a sharp, burning pain in the anus after defecation, blood and sphincter spasm. Unpleasant sensations are very pronounced and cause considerable discomfort.
- Sphincteritis Concomitant inflammatory process with hemorrhoids, anal fissures and proctitis.
- Paraproctitis. It can be an infectious complication of previous pathologies of the anus or rectum. The patient simultaneously has symptoms of general intoxication. With palpation in the anus, swelling can be detected. The pain in the anus with a pulsating nature, intense, intensifies after defecation.
- Fistulas. Occur due to paraproctitis, if there is no treatment. Spontaneous hiding is noted.
- Oncological process in the colon. The pain occurs at a late stage of the disease. First, the patient notices blood in the stool, mucus or pus, sometimes the pain is noted during bowel movements, and then it becomes constant, it can be given to the perineum or lower back.
Also, pain can be diagnosed in patients as a result of severe contusion of the coccygeal section, perineum, due to prolapse of the rectum, sexually transmitted diseases, spasm of the muscles of the perineum, and narrowing of the anal canal.
Causes of pain in women
Pain in the anus in women is diagnosed as a result of various provoking factors. Very often, discomfort occurs due to prolonged sitting. It may also indicate violations and diseases of the coccygeal department, such as:
- Osteochondrosis of the lumbosacral region.
- Intervertebral hernia, infringement of nerve roots.
- Rachiocampsis.
- The consequences of childbirth.
- Overweight problems.
- Gynecological diseases.
- Tailbone offset.
The pain in this case has a different nature - from aching to acute, even in the form of colic.
Also, very often unpleasant sensations arise due to hemorrhoids, anal fissures, paraproctitis, muscle spasms, rectal prolapse, swelling, gonorrheal proctitis and parasitic invasion.
Very often, pain in the anus in women is diagnosed during the period of bearing a child. Discomfort in this area occurs as a result of many provoking factors, but the most common is hemorrhoids, which is provoked:
- Great pressure of the uterus on the rectum.
- Constipation.
- Weakened immunity, as a result, exacerbation of chronic pathologies occurs.
You should know that pain in the anus during pregnancy occurs if it is an ectopic. It can be of different intensity, observed parallel to the lower abdomen and under the shoulder blade. Therefore, you should immediately seek additional advice from a gynecologist.
Rectal prolapse, polyps, parasitic infestations, anus injury
As mentioned earlier, pain in the anus can occur as a result of a variety of pathologies and diseases. Rectal prolapse, polyps, parasitic infestations, injuries of the anus can provoke discomfort. Next, we consider each disease and disorder separately.
Rectal prolapse is a polyetiological disease that occurs in patients of different age categories as a result of provoking factors. The size of the intestine that has fallen out can vary from 2 to 20 cm. This condition is explained by the fact that the lower part of the intestine is stretched. In this case, the impaired sphincter tone is diagnosed, as a result, patients complain of gas and fecal incontinence . Also, this pathology can be in children. A violation of various symptoms is accompanied, but there are exceptions when any signs are absent, which further exacerbates the situation. In case of bowel prolapse, surgery is indicated urgently.
Polyps are benign lesions that are localized on the mucous surface of the rectum. They can be diagnosed in other parts of the intestine. There are several types, depending on which therapy is also prescribed. Diagnostics involves an integrated approach. You can remove the polyp only by surgery. They are provocateurs of various pathologies, as well as pain and burning in the anus. In parallel, the patient will also have other symptoms of pathology. Identify polyps can only be rectal during examination by a proctologist.
Parasitic infestations - damage to the body by various parasites, which in most cases develop and multiply in the large and colon intestines. Once in the rectum, they provoke a sharp pain in the anus. The severity of discomfort will depend on the stage of the pathology. Also, with parasitic infestations, there is another symptomatology that indicates a violation. Treatment is prescribed on the basis of the obtained test results, is carried out by medication.
There are times when pain occurs as a result of trauma to the anus. The intensity of the unpleasant symptoms depends on the type of damage and the degree. Treatment is prescribed exclusively by a specialist.
Chronic pain
Pain in the anus in men and women can be chronic. Provoke this condition can be such violations as:
- Malignant neoplasms. Pain in this situation occurs already at the last stage. Very often, cancer has not been accompanied by any symptoms for many years. The clinical picture of pain as a result of oncology: bloody impurities in the stool, pain during bowel movements, can also give off to neighboring parts of the body, gradually discomfort becomes permanent, itching and burning are present.
- Anus fissure of a chronic type. It develops against a background of acute anal fissure when the patient refuses therapy. Pain sensations become less pronounced, are noted during bowel movements, bloody impurities are released with feces. The chronic type of pathology does not pass on its own, intensive treatment is required.
- Paraproctitis of a chronic type. It is characterized by less intense pain. At the same time, the patient has symptoms such as the formation of fistulas, which can be opened during an exacerbation of the disease, pus secretion, slight malaise, and fever. This pathology is treated by surgery.
- Inflammation of the morgan crypt and anal papillae are diseases that are characterized by various disorders in the rectal area. Pathology can be determined only after a thorough examination. They are accompanied by other symptoms, in addition to pain, especially during bowel movements: burning, sensation of a foreign body in the anus.
Also, pain in the anus in men and women occurs as a result of anal itching. This disease is accompanied by significant discomfort in the anus. As this area is combed, the patient also has other symptoms: bleeding, inflammation, infection. Also, anal itching can provoke the formation of cones in the anus, a crack in the skin.
Other provoking pathologies
Very often, the pain gives into the anus with pathologies and abnormalities that are not associated with the rectum and anus. These include pathologies such as:
- Prostatitis. The disease, which is diagnosed in men, most often between the ages of 45 years. It is accompanied by symptoms such as problems with the emission of urine, erectile dysfunction. Pain in the anus can occur when a man sits. In most cases, pulling character. Often complicates the diagnosis of prostatitis.
- Acute appendicitis. The appendix can be located in different places, so pain can be diagnosed even in the anus. Unpleasant sensations are of a different nature and be accompanied by symptoms consistent with this condition.
- Pathology of the genital organs. Pain and discomfort in the anus are often diagnosed with testicular disease, gynecological diseases and inflammatory processes. An examination by a specialist helps to identify violations.
- Pathology of the genitourinary system. Disturbances such as sand and kidney stones, neoplasms, and inflammation in the bladder can provoke pain.
- Sexually transmitted diseases. Pain can be of varying intensity. You can determine the infection in the anus according to the following symptoms: redness, rash, itching in the anus, problems with the emission of urine, which has different impurities, fever, weakness, white in women, discomfort in the male genital organ.
Identify the cause of pain can only be a specialist after examination and examination.
Diagnostics
If there is a pressing pain in the anus or other discomfort, you should immediately contact a proctologist. In such a situation, a physical examination, an examination of the anus, as well as palpation and rectal examination, are mandatory. To thoroughly study the condition of the rectum, the patient is prescribed a sigmoidoscopy, irrigoscopy or colonoscopy.
Also, to exclude the inflammatory process, blood is donated for analysis. To identify diseases of the urinary and reproductive system, you need to consult with other narrowly specialized specialists. If necessary, it is recommended to undergo an ultrasound examination of the pelvic organs, kidneys and bladder.
How can pain be relieved?
The cause of the pain has not yet been established, measures can be taken to stop unpleasant symptoms. These include the following actions:
- Warm sitting baths. You can use the infusion of medicinal plants. This method helps to get rid of spasms of the sphincter. It is worth staying in the bathroom for 10-15 minutes.
- Ointments and rectal suppositories. Also, to get rid of the inflammatory process and stop the pain, you can use anti-inflammatory drugs with a healing effect.
- Exercises that help normalize blood flow in the pelvic organs and anal area. They are selected individually, weight lifting is excluded.
- Proper nutrition and frequent walks. It is necessary to exclude a sedentary lifestyle, as well as foods that can trigger constipation or diarrhea.
Even if you have achieved relief after the measures taken, you should not exclude the diagnosis, on the warp of which not only the treatment of pain in the anus, but also the provoking factor itself will be carried out.
Preventive actions
To exclude pain in the anus, as well as other unpleasant symptoms, it is recommended that preventive measures be taken. These include:
- Timely diagnosis and treatment of pathologies, inflammatory processes that can provoke this symptom. At the first manifestations of alarming signs, you should immediately seek qualified help. Do not self-medicate, as this can aggravate the situation and worsen the general condition of the patient.
- Exclusion of a sedentary lifestyle. Even with constantly sitting work, you need to get up and do exercises to exclude the occurrence of hemorrhoids and stagnation of blood in the pelvic area.
- Balanced nutrition, smoking cessation, drinking alcohol. To eliminate constipation, you need to adhere to a diet, eat more fiber.
- Proper and consistent hygiene of the genitals and anus.
- Exclusion of promiscuous sexual intercourse.
In any situation, you need to undergo a full examination and treatment in order to exclude the development of oncology.