Various painful sensations in humans can occur quite often for various reasons. To get rid of them, the most common and cheapest means do not always help, and you have to look for more radical measures. One of these drugs is the Sedal-M analgesic. The instruction for the use of the medication presents it as a combined medicine against fever, inflammation, pain, symptoms of the common cold and migraine.
General characteristics
The drug really is a comprehensive remedy with sedative, antipyretic and analgesic properties. The medication belongs to the group of non-narcotic painkillers and antipyretic non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.
At the same time, you can buy Sedal-M tablets in a pharmacy only by prescription. This is due to the composition of the drug, possible side effects and other features.
Release form and composition
The medication is made exclusively in the form of tablets for oral administration. They are round flat and smooth pills with notch and chamfer. Color - white or almost white. Tablets are packed in cardboard packs with an annotation and one or two blisters with the drug. Each plate has 10 pills.
The composition of Sedal-M is immediately represented by several active components, the combined action of which provides a therapeutic effect. So, each dose of the drug contains 0.3 g of paracetamol, 0.15 g of metamizole sodium, 0.05 g of caffeine, 15 mg of phenobarbital and 10 mg of codeine phosphate.
To give the tablets the desired shape and color, Sedal-M added auxiliary components:
- corn starch;
- povidone;
- magnesium stearate;
- glycerol;
- lactose;
- sodium carboxymethyl starch.
Pharmacodynamics
This section of the pharmacology of the drug is represented by the interaction of all the main components of the composition, which provide a medicinal effect. Paracetamol and metamizole have a sedative, antipyretic, analgesic and anti-inflammatory effect. These components are classified as non-narcotic analgesics, and they work due to the destruction of prostaglandin synthesis due to inhibition of cyclooxygenase in the nervous system. Metamizole in the drug is also able to relieve spasms of the smooth muscles of the biliary and urinary tract. In addition, phenobarbital in the composition of Sedal-M also has a sedative effect. Also, this substance is able to potentiate the effect of other analgesic components of the drug.
Codeine should be considered an opioid analgesic. In a medication, it helps to reduce pain and reduce cough.
Caffeine increases vascular tone, improves blood circulation, increases concentration and performance, stimulating the nervous system. Headaches are reduced precisely due to the expansion of the vessels of the brain. Additionally, caffeine enhances the action of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.
Pharmacokinetics
The medication in question is quickly distributed throughout the body, providing the desired therapeutic effect. Some components of the drug enter the blood immediately from the stomach, while others need a little more time, but the removal of the disturbing symptoms occurs almost instantly, alleviating the patient's condition. The half-life of the Sedal-M composition depends on its specific components. All of them leave the body with urine, but at different times. Paracetamol is most rapidly excreted. The time of his stay in the body does not exceed three hours. Metamizole can be in the blood for 1-4 hours, codeine for 3-4 hours, and caffeine for 3-6 hours.
Recommendations for admission
The medication is prescribed to patients with the need to stop moderate or weak pain syndromes of various origins. According to the instructions, tablets “Sedal-M” perfectly cope with headaches, including migraines. In addition, the drug copes with toothache, alleviates the condition of a woman during painful critical days, is prescribed for radiculitis, neuritis, neuralgia and muscle pain of various etiologies.
The medication is also able to stop the symptoms of algodismenorea provoked by operations, injuries, burns and so on. It also helps with joint pain.
In addition to all of the above, the drug is used as an antipyretic for fever accompanying influenza, acute respiratory viral infections and various other infectious and inflammatory pathologies.
Bans to use
The Sedal-M instruction has a list of absolute and relative contraindications. Indisputable prohibitions include:
- bronchospasm;
- children under 12 years old;
- impaired liver or kidney function;
- acute myocardial infarction;
- past craniocerebral trauma;
- acute stages of peptic ulcer of the digestive system;
- high blood pressure;
- arrhythmia;
- depressed breathing;
- alcohol intoxication;
- any blood diseases;
- hemorrhagic diathesis;
- glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency.
In addition, taking the drug is strictly prohibited with individual sensitivity to any of the components of the composition, pregnancy and lactation. A doctor can prescribe a drug during gestation or breastfeeding only if the benefit to the mother outweighs the possible risks for the baby, but most often, experts simply replace the medication with the permitted one.
Indications “Sedal-M” have a separate section “With caution”. It indicates the diagnoses in which the drug can be used in treatment, but only under the supervision of specialists. Such a need arises in old age, even in the absence of complications in the state of health, in the presence of peptic ulcers of the digestive tract in remission, and with mild impairment of the kidneys and liver.
Possible adverse reactions
The use of Sedal-M in rare cases can lead to the appearance of secondary negative reactions from the body. Among them, the most common are drowsiness, dizziness, urticaria, rash, itching, the appearance of headaches or their intensification, impaired coordination in space and the speed of psychomotor reactions.
Among the less common, tremor of the extremities, a feeling of palpitations, disturbance of sleep and wakefulness, increased anxiety and excitability, abdominal pain, nausea, diarrhea, vomiting, decreased blood pressure, tachycardia and dry mucous membranes should be highlighted.
Of the most rare side effects, possible impaired renal function and blood disease are highlighted.
According to reviews, "Sedal-M" very rarely causes negative reactions in the body, but if you feel worse or at least one of these symptoms appears, you should immediately consult a doctor.
Admission Rules
The medication is made only in the form of tablets for oral administration, therefore, it can only be used for treatment. Drinking pills is recommended with sufficient water. For admission, it is better to choose a period either during or after a meal to minimize the risk of side effects.
Since the drug is a prescription, then only a doctor can prescribe a dose of it, based on the individual diagnosis and the characteristics of the patient's body.
The minimum dosage for the therapeutic effect according to the instructions of Sedal-M is only 1 tablet per day. If there is no effect, the frequency of administration and a single dose can be increased. So, the maximum daily dosage is 6 tablets, and for a reception you can drink a maximum of 2 tablets. Multiplicity of admission can be increased up to four times a day.
The course of therapy depends on the initial diagnosis. As an antipyretic agent, the medication can not be used for more than three days, and as an analgesic - for longer than five days.
Overdose
Uncontrolled medication quickly leads to symptoms of overdose. The first sign of exceeding the allowable amount of medication is drowsiness, dizziness and headaches. Then nausea, dry mouth, asthenia, bradycardia and respiratory depression appear. In rare cases, symptoms can lead to loss of consciousness.
The drug does not have an antidote, so treatment should be carried out symptomatically. The first step is to rinse the stomach, causing vomiting, and then give the patient an enterosorbent.
Prolonged uncontrolled intake causes an overdose, accompanied by other symptoms. In such cases, the drug is addictive and lack of therapeutic effect with further treatment. Drug dependence may also occur due to codeine in the formulation. Long-term use of tablets can also cause disruption of the liver and kidneys.
special instructions
If you need a longer medication than recommended in the instructions, you need to regularly monitor the work of the kidneys, liver and blood composition, since an overdose can adversely affect your health.
Patients with a history of bronchial asthma and hay fever have a high risk of side effects due to increased sensitivity to the components of the composition. With caution, a medication should also be prescribed if there is a suspicion of abdominal pain, since taking tablets makes it difficult to make an accurate diagnosis in the future.
In the indications for use, Sedal-M recommend caution in treating the drug in the presence of hereditary diseases associated with intolerance to fructose, galactose and other compounds, since the preparation contains lactose.
Also, tablets should not be taken if necessary to control complex mechanisms or vehicles, since Sedal-M is able to inhibit psychomotor reactions.
Professional athletes also need to refrain from the drug, since its composition can change the performance of doping tests.
Interaction with other drugs
The toxic effect of the medication in question and other non-opioid analgesics is observed with their parallel administration. Also, the negative effect on the body of metamizole increases while taking contraceptive hormonal drugs, tricyclic antidepressants, phenylbutazone, barbiturate or allopurinol. Metamizole also reduces the concentration of cyclosporine in the blood.
An additional intake of paracetamol enhances the effect of anticoagulants. The absorption of this substance is enhanced by the parallel administration of metoclopramide. Similarly, caffeine absorption is accelerated by ergotamine.
Other sedatives and tranquilizers enhance the sedative effect of the drug. Enterosorbents, adsorbents, astringents and enveloping preparations also reduce it.
Storage and manufacturer
This medication is produced by a Bulgarian pharmaceutical company. The shelf life of the tablets is 3 years from the date of release, but only if all storage conditions are met. The drug should be kept away from direct sunlight, high humidity and children's access. The temperature should not exceed 25 ° C.
Reviews
Analogs "Sedal-M" are more common and known to customers. Among them should be noted “Pentalgin”, “Trialgin”, “Anlipal”, “Sedalgin”, “Quintalgin”, “Quatrox” and other painkillers.
As for the opinion of the townsfolk, the medication helps to cope with pain syndromes that require only symptomatic therapy. These include toothache, headache, muscle spasms and everything that does not accompany serious illnesses. The drug receives well-deserved positive reviews due to the minimal risk of side effects, which is confirmed by many patients. Of course, the abuse of pills negatively affects not only the result of treatment, but also on the overall health, therefore, all doctor's recommendations should be strictly observed.
Among the disadvantages of the drug, many note only dysbiosis and gastrointestinal tract disorders that occur during treatment, as after taking antibiotics. At the same time, normalization of microflora helps with the use of Linex and other probiotics, but only with the observance of the time interval with the main medicine.