This disease is the most common of all pathologies of the digestive organs. Due to enterocolitis, intestinal dysfunctions, atrophic changes in the mucous membrane occur. And since this pathology is so common, it will not be out of place to find out what enterocolitis is, the symptoms of this disease.
Varieties of flow
Acute. Often combined with gastritis. In turn, it can be infectious and non-infectious in origin. Inflammation, without affecting the deeper layers, is limited to the intestinal mucosa (thick and thin).
Chronic occurs as a result of untreated acute enterocolitis. It also leads to a negligent attitude, an untimely appeal to a doctor, poor-quality treatment. It is characterized by a long course, as well as:
- a change in the mucous membrane;
- digestive upset
- persistent intestinal dysfunction.
Acute enterocolitis - symptoms:
- pain, pain in the abdomen;
- rumbling in the stomach;
- bloating;
- tongue coating;
- pain on palpation;
- diarrhea;
- nausea, vomiting;
- with an infectious course: mucus in the feces. Perhaps the presence of blood, headache, weakness, temperature.
Chronic enterocolitis - symptoms
At an early stage of the pathology, symptoms can be expressed both weakly and explicitly, with severe and dangerous complications. Signs of chronic enterocolitis:
- dull and aching pain in the navel or lateral intestines. The strength of the pain depends on the severity of the pathological process;
- constipation alternates with diarrhea - violation of the act of defecation;
- bloating caused by flatulence (flatulence) ;
- weight loss in case of damage to the small intestine ;
- lethargy, apathy, fatigue;
- digestive upset;
- bursting in the abdomen due to eating;
- there are cases of refusal of food, leading, in turn, to anorexia.
Causes
- Bacterial causes: dysenteric bacteria, salmonella, staphylococcus, streptococcus and others.
- Parasitic causes. Called: trichomonads, amoeba, giardia, intestinal helminths and so on.
- Chronic foci of infection in organs associated with the intestines.
- Alimentary: irrational and monotonous diet, eating disorder, lack of vitamins. Also indigestible food, alcohol.
- Toxic and medical. Poisoning or prolonged exposure to chemicals: alkali, heavy metal salts, drug, microbial, food allergies, endogenous intoxication. Also, the irrational use of antibiotics, which suppresses the intestinal microflora, prolonged use of a laxative.
- Mechanical causes: prolonged constipation.
As a result of various pathologies of the gastrointestinal tract, the so-called secondary enterocolitis occurs. It develops due to impaired function of the liver, stomach or gall bladder.
Here is such a common and rather dangerous disease, this enterocolitis. We examined the symptoms and now move on to diagnosing this pathology.
Diagnostics
With the help of coprological research , inflammatory processes are detected. Expressed:
- with a predominant lesion of the large intestine in such elements as: mucus, red blood cells, white blood cells,
- with lesions of the small intestine - the presence of undigested food. Feces are examined for the presence of eggs of worms, protozoa, dysbiosis, bacteria of the dysenteric group.
In severe cases, a blood test reveals anemia, dysproteinomy, hypoproteinomy, calcium, potassium and sodium.
Enterocolitis - treatment
The treatment of the disease is complex, the main method is medical nutrition:
- A properly selected diet is needed that normalizes the digestive and motor-evacuation functions of the intestine.
- The food is fractional, but frequent up to six times a day.
- Food sparing with enough vitamins and proteins.
- Easily digestible fats and carbohydrates.
- Diet number 4 during periods of exacerbation.
- Diet №№ 2, 4 in periods of remission.