The intestine is the common name for several sections of the gastrointestinal tract, each of which plays a critical role in the digestion of food. Its functions include splitting food with enzymes to the smallest particles. Therefore, any inflammation, regardless of the cause, is fraught with serious complications. Diet for intestinal inflammation plays a crucial role.
Structure
The intestine by its functions is divided into two sections - thick and thin, which are called according to their thickness. In the small intestine, food is crushed into small components, which are then broken down by chemical composition. Here, the absorption of nutrients into the body occurs. In the large intestine, the formation of digestive waste and the absorption of water into its walls occur. The intestine is closely connected with all the organs that enter the digestive system. For example, it is from it that hydrochloric acid enters the stomach, and bile into the intestines. He is involved in the production of hormones and the protection of the immune system. Performing so many essential functions, the intestines require careful attention. Inflammatory processes in it can be localized in various departments. The small intestine has three sections, each of which performs certain tasks. If any of them is disturbed, inflammation of the small intestine begins. The diet in the treatment of diseases associated with this inflammation is prescribed by the doctor and is a menu that includes mashed cereals, light soups, and most importantly, fractional meals in small portions several times a day.
Duodenitis
Inflammation of the duodenum, or duodenitis, usually occurs as a result of the ingestion of substances with high acidity from the stomach, which injure the mucosa. The duodenum is quite short, this is the part of the intestine where the food is processed by the digestive juice of the pancreas , so its inflammation is directly related to various diseases of the stomach or pancreas. In these cases, in parallel with the treatment of duodenitis, it is necessary to carry out the therapy of diseases of other organs. Proper functioning of the duodenum is also important because it produces hormones for the digestive system. Diet for intestinal inflammation helps to establish the functions of this department.
Consequences of the disease
Sometimes secondary duodenitis occurs when food entering the duodenum cannot pass further down the intestine due to adhesions or scars. Often this happens after bowel surgery. The danger of this disease is that its initial stage passes completely unnoticed. As the disease progresses, symptoms such as diarrhea occur, sometimes with blood, or constipation, severe pain in the stomach and hunger. Severe consequences of duodenitis can be perforation of the intestines and internal bleeding. In the absence of treatment of a chronic form, organ atrophy can occur.
Diet with duodenitis
Treatment of duodenitis depends on the form, stage of the disease and the causes that caused it. However, in any case, a strict diet should accompany the treatment . Its principle is that cooked food does not irritate the mucous membrane of the duodenum. Based on this, it should be warm, and not hot, frayed, unsalted and not sharp. Porridge, soups, non-acidic, soft fruits are allowed. Bake vegetables well. Nutritional recommendations may vary depending on the form and causes of the disease. The question of what kind of diet for inflammation of the intestine is required for the patient can only be solved by the attending physician.
Jejunum inflammation
The jejunum can be up to two meters long. Its function is to develop the enzymes necessary for the further conversion of complex organic compounds into simpler substances, which are fatty acids, amino acids and simple sugars, which then enter the bloodstream. Inflammation of the jejunum is called unity. Since the function of the jejunum is associated with providing the body with nutrients, malabsorption can lead to its depletion. Treatment of the disease is usually carried out in a hospital and involves the mandatory observance of diet therapy with a sparing diet.
Ileum
Acute or chronic inflammation of the third part of the small intestine - the ileum - is called ileitis. This is a fairly common disease that occurs more often at the age of 20-40 years. The acute form is usually characteristic of children and is caused by bacteria or viruses. The complexity of the disease is that it is impossible to diagnose by endoscopic methods, which causes errors in the diagnosis.
The treatment of the disease is usually carried out in a hospital, and drug therapy is accompanied by a sparing diet that excludes spicy or fried foods. Chocolate is contraindicated for children, and the diet for inflammation of the intestines in an adult excludes alcohol and smoking. The menu contains lactic acid products, vitamins, proteins, astringents. The amount of fiber is limited.
The functions of the cecum
The large intestine also consists of three departments with its structure and functions.
The cecum is its first department, it has a vermiform appendix. The functions of the cecum include the further digestion of food, which received the main cleavage in the small intestine and from there entered the cecum. Here, excess fluid is absorbed. The role of the appendix is very important - it provides protection against pathogenic microorganisms that cause infections. In addition, the intestinal microflora multiplies in the appendix.
Typhlitis
Inflammation of the cecum includes typhlitis (inflammation of its tissues) and appendicitis. Tiflitis treatment requires antibiotic therapy, bed rest and a special diet. The diet for inflammation of the large intestine is prescribed individually, depending on the course of the disease. Products must be steamed. The main condition is that they should not irritate the intestines. Jellies, cereals are useful, with constipation - boiled vegetables, stewed fruit, and with diarrhea - white, slightly dried bread, lean meat broths. Fruits can irritate the intestinal mucosa, so their use is very limited. The diet for inflammation of the intestines in an adult differs from the nutrition of a child, which is associated with a different course of the disease.
Appendicitis
Another inflammation in the cecum is the process in the appendix, which begins with clogging of the lumen of the appendix by foreign bodies, from which propagation of pathogenic microflora begins in its cavity, and tissue edema that provokes pain and cramping. Treatment in this case can only be surgical, otherwise the appendix will burst and peritonitis will occur with a threat to life.
There is a chronic form of appendicitis, in which conservative treatment and an appropriate diet are prescribed. Inflammation of the intestines, the symptoms of which give a blurry picture of the disease, can be mistaken for appendicitis.
Colon disease
The colon is a continuation of the blind and has several subdivisions itself. Inflammation of the colon can be caused by unhealthy diets and a sedentary lifestyle. Although some of the harmful substances are excreted from the body, most of them are absorbed into the intestinal wall and lead to serious diseases, such as colitis, sigmoiditis, diverticulosis and others. Treatment is with antibacterial and antiviral drugs. Then the patient is prescribed bifidobacteria and other similar drugs. If inflammation of the intestine occurs, the diet and treatment with medications are in many cases supplemented by physiotherapeutic procedures.
Proctitis
Inflammation in the rectum is called proctitis. It occurs more often due to constipation. It can also be caused by infections, mechanical damage, and malnutrition. The disease is very dangerous, it can develop imperceptibly, and then suddenly manifest acute pain. Therefore, timely and correct diagnosis is of great importance. Treatment of proctitis includes such components as:
- drug therapy;
- strict diet;
- hygiene procedures.
Drug therapy plays an important role, but it will not help without strict adherence to dietary recommendations. Diet for intestinal inflammation excludes spicy, fatty foods, sweet and salty. Such food contributes to constipation, which is unacceptable to restore the function of the rectum. The amount of fruit in the diet should also be reduced due to the risk of mechanical damage to the inflamed mucosa. The menu is better to include grated meat, dairy products, light soups and well-boiled liquid cereals.
Hygienic procedures consist of the use of enemas and baths with decoctions of herbs such as chamomile, string, yarrow, or potassium permanganate. Enemas are put twice a day, and the baths are good to use at night. After removal of acute inflammation, enemas with sea buckthorn oil or tampons are placed overnight.
The effect of stress on intestinal inflammation
Studies show that almost 90% of diseases in the human body arise from problems with the intestines or stomach. Modern food contains a large amount of chemical additives, artificial fats and sugar. The digestive organs can not cope with such a volume of toxins and do not have time to remove them. Poisons accumulate over the years and are absorbed into the walls of the intestines and stomach, poisoning the entire body, which causes many diseases and allergic reactions. Therefore, a diet for inflammation of the intestines and stomach should help cleanse organs of toxins.
The gastrointestinal tract is like a tube passing through the entire body. Some doctors present the contents of the intestines and stomach as an external environment in relation to other organ systems. The digestive system supplies the entire body with nutrition and energy, which is why it is so important that it functions properly. However, in addition to the organic pathologies of the digestive system caused by a malfunction of its organs, there are functional diseases that are associated with stress and nervous experiences. After such emotional overloads, digestive disorders in the form of diarrhea, stomach pains, even vomiting can be observed. The occurrence of such symptoms after stress is explained by the presence in the stomach and intestines of a large number of nerve fibers, the impulses from which are transmitted to the digestive system. After stress relief, these symptoms also disappear.
The role of nutrition for intestinal health
Thus, many factors affect the occurrence of digestive diseases, and the nutritional system is significant among them. Therefore, in any case, the diet with inflammation of the intestine plays one of the main roles. A sample menu includes lean soups or mashed soups for the first, grated lean meat, fish with boiled vegetables for the second, as well as boiled cereals, compotes and jelly. Of great importance is the intake of food in small portions, which will protect the intestines from overload. The diet for inflammation of the intestines in an adult involves the completion of dinner three to four hours before bedtime.
The human body is a complex self-regulating system in which every cell and every organ performs its function, and their coordinated work supports his life. The intestine is one of the main organs of the digestive system, since the final stage of food processing is associated with it.