Before giving a list of the names of tablets for low or high blood pressure, you need to figure out what pressure is in a person, which can provoke an increase or decrease in pressure, and what is dangerous.
What is pressure?
It's no secret that blood flows through the vessels - these are capillaries, arteries and veins. Blood pressure is the force with which blood presses on the walls of blood vessels.
There are four types of pressure:
- Intracardiac. Blood pressure in the heart cavities, which changes with a change in the rhythm of the heart.
- Capillary. The process takes place inside the capillaries.
- Venous Blood presses on the walls of the veins.
- Arterial. Passes in the large arteries due to contractions of the heart muscles.
Since the diagnosis of blood pressure is very important for the body, this article will focus on this. And the names of pressure pills (alphabetical list) can be found later in this article.
Blood pressure measurement
Pressure is measured using two parameters: systolic and diastolic values. Systolic pressure is also called upper pressure, it is fixed in the artery when the heart is most compressed. Diastolic is called lower, this is when the heart muscles are most relaxed.
If you look at these indicators from a physical point of view, then the blood pressure shows the number of mm. Hg. Art., on which vascular pressure is higher than atmospheric. These indicators are fixed in two digits through a fraction, for example 125/80, where the systolic is 125 millimeters of mercury and the diastolic is 80 millimeters. The difference between these numbers is called pulse pressure.
What pressure is normal?
The value of blood pressure cannot be the same throughout life and under different physical conditions of the body, because it can be influenced by factors and circumstances of a lifestyle, workload, and labor activity. So, for example, if a person goes in for sports, during training his indicators will be higher, and in a state of rest much lower. Stress also affects the number: it increases. But during a person’s sleep, the pressure is slightly below normal. However, the measurement must be carried out in a state of complete rest, when the body is relaxed, but at the same time awake. There are also significant changes throughout life: children have lower blood pressure than adults. Also, with an unstable hormonal background (puberty, pregnancy), the indicator can be increased.
Over time and the development of medical technology, the rate of blood pressure often changed. About fifty years ago, doctors believed that there was a direct dependence of pressure on age, now doctors accepted a single value for any age and gender, but still there are small deviations in age, which can be considered normal.
It would be wrong to name the exact figure of a normal indicator in view of the fact that different people lead different lifestyles. Let us only try to outline the boundaries when the pressure can be considered increased or decreased. Pathology is a value above 135/85. If this figure is more than 145/90, then this is a clear sign of hypertension. In this case, it is necessary to take tablets from pressure (the names are given below). An indicator below 100/60 can be considered reduced pressure, such a measurement requires establishing the cause and prescribing treatment.
So, the range of values from 110/65 to 120/75 can be considered normal blood pressure. The difference between systolic and diastolic values should not exceed 55 and be at least 30. Such values do not require medical intervention and are good “working” figures.
High blood pressure: what to do?
A slight increase in blood pressure is invisible to humans, and therefore it is very dangerous, because it leads to hypertension syndromes. The popular name is "silent killer." It is this disease that annually is the root cause of a huge number of deaths not only among the elderly population, but also among young people. If an organism suffering from an ailment does not receive the necessary treatment, then malignant hypertension develops, and human resources run out in just six months.
Also, high blood pressure can be the cause of the following diseases:
- Strokes.
- Heart arythmy.
- Heart attacks.
- Renal colic and renal failure.
- Increased intraocular pressure.
Groups of medicines for high blood pressure
- ACE inhibitors (angiotensin-converting enzyme).
- Angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs).
- Calcium channel antagonists.
- Diuretics.
- Beta blockers.
In the following sections of the article, we will consider each of the groups in detail and give a list of tablets for high blood pressure. The names of the drugs may differ, while the constituent substance may be the same.
ACE inhibitors
This group of drugs is the largest among drugs for high blood pressure. The principle of action of inhibitors is based on blocking the activity of the renin-angiotensin system, and this is what helps to maintain normal pressure. Inhibitors themselves are inactive substances, a decrease in pressure occurs due to the active metabolite, which is formed in the digestive tract and liver. Take such drugs once a day, the effect comes after one hour and can last about a day.
Alphabetically High Pressure Tablets Names:
- Captopril is known to all hypertensive patients. This is the name of pills for high blood pressure. A pill is placed under the tongue and holds until completely dissolved. In these tablets, the effect does not last long, but the pressure decreases as quickly as possible, therefore it is usually used for hypertensive crisis. There are 2 types of reception: under the tongue and inside. With prolonged treatment, hypertension is usually not used due to the short duration of action.
- Lisinopril. A popular drug with a long action and a small list of side effects. Pressure reduction occurs after an hour and lasts for one day.
- Perindopril. This drug has a mild antihypertensive effect. therefore, it is used in the treatment of heart failure rather than hypertension. The effect appears only 5 hours after administration, but it lasts about 1.5 days.
- Ramipril. The drug not only reduces pressure, but is also used to prevent strokes, and with a heart attack it stops the spread of necrosis. The drug manifests itself after an hour and lasts about a day.
- Thrandolapril. The most effective drug for coronary heart disease. After an hour, it begins to act and about a day retains its effect.
- Fosinopril. The drug from the latest generation of inhibitors is excreted by the liver and kidneys in equal proportions, this allows patients with kidney diseases to take it. Valid 24 hours.
Angiotensin II Receptor Blockers (ARBs)
These drugs block the action of renin, which originates in the kidneys during hypoxia due to high blood pressure. Renin turns into angiotensin, which is a provocateur of spasm of the vessel walls.
Names of tablets that lower blood pressure:
- Irbesartan The drug completely controls the pressure during the day.
- Cardosal. The drug blocks angiotensin and increases the gaps in the walls of the arteries, stimulates cardiac activity. It is taken once a day.
- "Losartan." The principle of operation is the same as that of other sartans, more convenient in that the effect lasts longer with a minimum number of contraindications.
Calcium Channel Antagonists
This group of drugs slows down the movement of calcium cells through the channels inside the vascular walls. Due to this, the spasm of the vessels stops, which helps to reduce pressure.
Tablets for high blood pressure (names, list):
- Verapamil. Similarly relieves spasm in arteries, has excellent absorption and rapid excretion.
- Nifedipine The tone of the arteries is reduced due to inhibition of calcium intake. It does not accumulate in the body, has a long-lasting effect and few side effects.
- "Felodipine." Compared to other drugs, it does not cause swelling. Valid for about 24 hours.
Diuretics
These drugs are usually used in combination with other drugs. Diuretics remove excess fluid from the body and sodium, due to this there is a decrease in pressure.
Pressure pills (alphabetical name):
- "Hydrochlorothiazide". It is used to treat hypertension in small quantities, since the drug negatively affects the metabolism. The effect lasts less than a day.
- Indipamide. The effect on metabolic processes is much less, the effect is uniform throughout the day.
- Spironolactone. The difference from other diuretics is that the drug retains potassium in the body.
- "Torasemide." There is no effect on the level of potassium in the body, a uniform effect during the day.
Beta blockers
Used in combination with other drugs, do not affect the work of the heart. As a rule, they are prescribed to patients who have had heart attacks or heart failure.
Names of tablets for pressure:
- "Bisoprolol". When taking the drug, the renin activity in the blood decreases, which means that the tone of the vessels decreases, therefore, the pressure decreases. The drug is used according to a special scheme - the first 2 weeks without diuretics, then in combination with them.
- "Metoprolol". Reduces heart rate, myocardium decreases oxygen demand.
- "Talinolol". In addition to direct action, the drug affects the heart rate. It is given to the patient often - 3 times a day.
Low pressure
Blood pressure below normal is commonly called hypotension. The decrease in pressure complicates the blood circulation of the heart, respectively, and the saturation of the brain with oxygen also worsens. If you suffer from low blood pressure throughout your life, this may be a physiological peculiarity, but a sharp drop in pressure indicates disease. Typically, hypotension is characterized by headaches, dizziness, cold limbs, and a condition close to fainting.
If we evaluate the risks of hypotension, they increase with age: there is a higher likelihood of the formation of vascular plaques, which interfere with blood flow inside the vessels and reduce the blood supply to the brain. Hypotensives are also prone to anemia and low blood sugar, fatigue and distraction.
Causes of hypotension:
- low body temperature;
- dehydration;
- allergies
- alcoholism;
- avitaminosis;
- clogging of blood vessels.
How to understand that the pressure has dropped?
Below are a few factors that, when sensed, you can understand that a sharp decrease in pressure has occurred:
- feeling of weakness and slowness;
- drowsiness
- increased sweating;
- nausea, vomiting is possible;
- fainting.
Hypotension drugs
If you have diagnosed yourself with low blood pressure that is unusual for your body, then you should immediately take measures to increase blood pressure. There are many folk methods that really help, for example a cup of strong coffee, you should start with it. Many hypotensives also practice bathing with essential oils. There are a huge number of modern names for pressure-increasing pills, so if you do not feel better, you must resort to medications. Before taking, be sure to read the instructions.
Names of pills that increase blood pressure (list):
- "Aspirin". It does not have the effect of increasing pressure, but it perfectly dilutes the blood, which will help to remove a headache, if, of course, it was caused by hypotension.
- Askofen. The composition includes caffeine, aspirin and paracetamol in small doses.
- Gutron or Midodrin. Used for lowering pressure due to stress. Pressure rises due to narrowing of blood vessels. The action of the drug occurs almost instantly, within 10 minutes, the symptoms in the form of nausea and dizziness also removes quickly.
- "Caffeine". It quickly fights symptoms of hypotension due to the release of adrenaline into the body.
- "Band". Of all the names of the tablets from reduced pressure , Papazol is the fastest. The effect of the drug is due to relaxation of the heart vessels and vessels of the brain.
- Rantarin. Active ingredient - deer antler extract. Reviews about the pills are contradictory, as the remedy causes nausea.
- Symptol. This is a solution in ampoules, which, according to the instructions, you need to pour on a piece of refined sugar and take it before eating.
- Citramon The most popular tool and the most budgetary. Components: paracetamol, aspirin, caffeine. It is taken in accordance with the weight of the patient, one tablet per 20 kilograms.
- "Ecstatic." Another herbal preparation, the active substance is Leuzea extract. Causes insomnia, should be taken with caution.