As practice shows, cerebrovascular accident occurs accompanied by vascular diseases, mainly atherosclerosis. This disorder occurs against a background of increased blood pressure.
Violation of cerebral circulation in children develops, as a rule, due to insolvency of the cervical spine.
Proteins, cholesterol and other fats circulate in the blood and form a fat-protein complex. The body perceives them as autoantigens in the event of a qualitative change. In this case, the production of antibodies and biologically active substances (histamine, serotonin) occurs, while there is an effect on the walls of blood vessels. This, in turn, provokes an increase in their permeability accompanied by disturbances in metabolic processes.
Violation of cerebral circulation also occurs with neuropsychiatric disorders, inactivity, vasomotor dystonia, as well as the use of high-calorie foods.
With prolonged overexcitation in the cerebral cortex, the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal system is overexcited.
The clinical picture accompanying atherosclerotic cerebrovascular accident manifests itself in reduced performance, sleep disturbance, headaches, irritability, and noise in the head. In addition, paradoxical conditions, memory loss, hearing loss, impaired attention are noted.
Hypertension can provoke the occurrence of stagnant foci of excitation, extending to the hypothalamic region. As a result, there is a violation of the regulation of vascular tone. This condition, in turn, causes a violation of the electrolyte balance, an increase in the release of aldosterone, and an increase in the sympathoadrenal system. As a result, vascular hyperreactivity and increased blood pressure develop. The course of the disease provokes a change in the type of blood circulation. This is manifested in a decrease in cardiac output and an increase in peripheral vascular resistance.
One of the clinical forms that characterize cerebrovascular accident is the primary manifestation of insufficient blood supply to the brain.
The diagnosis is made taking into account the complaints of patients with a decrease in memory, dizziness, sleep disturbance, disability, tinnitus. The combined manifestation of two or more symptoms, especially in cases of their prolonged existence and frequent recurrence, gives rise to a diagnosis. Organic lesions of the nervous system are not observed.
Hypertension and atherosclerotic vascular lesions often cause impaired cerebrovascular accident. The clinical picture may manifest itself with various symptoms.
Cerebral symptoms include dizziness, pain in the head and eyeballs, aggravated by their movement, vomiting, nausea, nasal congestion and tinnitus. In some cases, there is a change in consciousness, expressed in psychomotor agitation, stunning, loss of consciousness. In rare cases, convulsive conditions are noted.
The manifestation of focal symptoms depends on the area of localization. In cases of circulatory disorders in the cerebral hemispheres, as a rule, a violation occurs in the sensitive area. It can be manifested by numbness or tingling, most often capturing certain parts of the limbs, skin or face. A decrease in pain sensitivity may be noted.
Sensitive disturbances may be accompanied by a movement disorder. They appear in the form of limited paresis or paralysis. In some cases, there are also impaired speech, body patterns.
Lesions in the brain stem can provoke unsteady gait, double vision, coordination disorder, and more.