One of the most important functions in the human body is the respiratory system. In addition to participating in the process of voice formation, thanks to its well-coordinated work, the inhaled air is moistened and all tissues and organs are filled with oxygen.
Also, the respiratory system is involved in thermoregulation, the synthesis of hormones and protects the human body from environmental factors. That is why the respiratory system is more likely than others to suffer from various diseases. There is not a single person on the planet who would not have encountered the flu or SARS, as well as such serious pathological conditions as sinusitis, bronchitis and tonsillitis. Each of the listed diseases has its own symptoms and, accordingly, the principles of treatment.
According to medical statistics, most often in children and adults there are such painful conditions of the respiratory tract, which are accompanied by the release of viscous sputum or difficulty in its discharge. In such cases, most specialists prescribe Ambrobene solution to their patients. How many drops should be given to adults and children, how to use this medicine, whether it has contraindications and adverse reactions, is indicated below.
The composition of the drug, its release form, description and packaging
"Ambrobene" - drops (solution), which are a clear, colorless liquid (may be light yellow), which is placed in dark glass vials to prevent the destruction of its active component under the influence of light. A special measured capacity is included in the kit of medication, due to which the convenience of dosage is provided during its use.
"Ambrobene" - drops for inhalation and oral administration. Before using such a drug, a mandatory consultation of a specialist is required. If necessary, the doctor may prescribe a solution for inhalation procedures. Such therapeutic measures should be carried out using special means - inhalers. Such procedures contribute to the good penetration of Ambrobene drops into the lungs and bronchi, where their active component has a high therapeutic effect.
The main active ingredient of the drug in question is ambroxol. This ingredient belongs to the group of expectorants or so-called mucolytics. Its concentration in drops is 7.5 mg / ml. As for excipients, their concentration in 1 ml of solution is as follows:
- 0.6 mg - hydrochloric acid;
- 1 mg - potassium sorbate;
- 991.9 mg - purified water.
Drug action
What are Ambrobene drops? According to experts, such a drug is an effective and effective mucolytic and expectorant.
Ambroxol is an active metabolite of bromhexine. Such a substance helps to improve the rheological properties of sputum, reduce its viscosity and adhesive properties, as well as its removal from the respiratory tract.
Once inside the body, ambroxol stimulates:
- the production of enzymes that break down the bonds between polysaccharides of viscous secretions;
- activity of serous cells of the bronchial mucosa;
- surfactant formation;
- activity of bronchial cilia (prevents their adhesion).
How quickly do Ambrobene drops begin to act? The instructions say that after taking the drug inside, the therapeutic effect is observed after half an hour and lasts for 6-12 hours (depending on the dosage).
Inhalation results
According to the instructions, Ambrobene drops used for inhalation contribute to the development of secretomotor and secretolytic effects. As a result of such exposure, expectoration of sputum occurs. In this case, the patient's cough becomes wet gradually. Together with viscous mucus, bacteria are excreted, as well as other foreign agents that have caused inflammation of the mucous membrane of the bronchi and bronchioles.
When using Ambrobene drops for inhalation, an expectorant effect is observed after 10 minutes and lasts about 8-10 hours.
Pharmacokinetic properties
What pharmacokinetic features are inherent in Ambrobene drops? The instructions for use say that after ambroxol enters the human body, it is metabolized to cookies. In this case, metabolic products are formed, which are subsequently excreted by the kidneys.
The half-life of the drug in question is 6-12 hours. The active component of the drug for inhalation and oral administration passes into breast milk, which should be considered when breastfeeding.
Indications for use
Ambrobene drops for children and adults are indicated for use in order to improve the removal of viscous secretions from the respiratory tract in pathological conditions that are accompanied by an inflammatory process, as well as sputum accumulation. Such diseases include:
- Infectious bronchitis of an acute or chronic nature (inflammation of the bronchial mucosa caused by viruses or bacteria, accompanied by secretion of viscous sputum and cough).
- Bronchial asthma as a result of an allergic reaction, accompanied by secretion of viscous sputum and bronchospasm.
- Bronchiectatic disease or pathology of the bronchi of a chronic nature with the expansion of the bronchial tree, disruption of external respiration, the formation of thick sputum and re-infection.
- Pneumonia or pneumonia of an infectious origin.
- Tracheitis or inflammation of the trachea of any origin.
- Obstructive chronic bronchitis or prolonged inflammation of the bronchi, which was caused by the toxic effects of various chemicals, including prolonged smoking.
- Cystic fibrosis or a severe hereditary pathological condition in which sputum synthesis is impaired, as a result of which it becomes very viscous and regularly accumulates in the respiratory system.
Contraindications
About how many drops of Ambrobene should be used in certain cases, only a specialist knows. The use of such a drug at its discretion is prohibited. It is also contraindicated in the following cases:
- epileptic syndrome;
- gastric ulcer (stomach, duodenal ulcer);
- high sensitivity to ambroxol, as well as to other components of the drug.
With caution, the drug in question should be used by patients with impaired renal function or severe liver disease. In such cases, it is recommended to reduce the dose of the drug and increase the period between its doses (treatment in such conditions should be carried out under the supervision of a doctor).
With special care and only in the hospital, “Ambrobene” should be used in case of impaired motility of the bronchi, as well as large volumes of sputum secreted (in order to avoid the development of secret stagnation).
Dosage of the drug, method of application
How should I use Ambrobene? How many drops should be given to adults and children? The instructions say that such a solution must be taken orally only after eating. For the correct dosage of the drug, it is advisable to use a measuring cup.
Given the fact that 1 ml of the solution in question contains 7.5 mg of ambroxol, the Ambrobene preparation is prescribed in the following dosage:
- babies up to 2 years - 1 ml, 2 r / d;
- from 2 to 6 years - 1 ml, 3 r / d;
- from 6 to 12 years - 2 ml, 2-3 r / d;
- from 12 years old and adults - in the first three days, 4 ml, 3 r / d, and in the subsequent 4 ml, 2 r / d.
How should I use "Ambrobene" in inhalation? How many drops are required to achieve the desired effect? For such treatment, any modern equipment (but not steam!) Should be used.
Before inhalation procedures, the medication must be mixed with a 0.9% NaCl solution (for optimal hydration, the drug is diluted in a ratio of 1: 1), and then heated to the patient's body temperature.
Therapeutic measures should be carried out in the usual breathing mode, so as not to provoke a coughing fit.
To avoid nonspecific irritation of the respiratory system, as well as their spasm, before inhalation of ambroxol, people with bronchial asthma should definitely use bronchodilators.
How many drops (in ml) of Ambrobene are prescribed for inhalation procedures? The dosage in this case is as follows:
- Babies up to 2 years - 1 ml, 1-2 r / d.
- From 2 to 6 years - 2 ml, 1-2 r / d.
- From 6 years old and adults - 2-3 ml, 1-2 r / d.
Adverse reactions after the use of Ambrobene drops
How many drops (for children and adults) should be prescribed for certain diseases? The answer to this question can only be obtained from a specialist. If a visit to the doctor is postponed for good reason, then such information is contained in the attached instructions. It also indicates all the side effects that may occur during the use of the drug. These include the following:
- nausea, the appearance of urticaria, vomiting, abdominal pain, diarrhea, a change in taste;
- itching of the skin, dryness of the mucous membrane of the pharynx and mouth, delayed hypersensitivity, bloating, rash, Quincke's edema.
In more severe cases, against the background of using the drug in question, the patient may experience anaphylactic shock.
Cases of overdose with Ambrobene solution
The instructions say that such an active substance as ambroxol is well tolerated by patients, but only when taken orally in a dosage of up to 25 mg / kg per day. If the drug was used above the specified value, then the patient may experience the following symptoms of an overdose: nausea, increased salivation, vomiting, and a significant decrease in blood pressure.
To treat such conditions, the patient is prescribed gastric lavage. It is advisable to carry out a similar procedure in the first 1-2 hours after taking an excessive amount of the drug. Also, the victim is recommended to receive fat-containing products.
In case of an overdose, all hemodynamic parameters should be monitored. If required, symptomatic therapy is necessary.
Interaction with other drugs
The simultaneous use of Ambrobene solution with medications that have antitussive activity (including those containing codeine) is extremely undesirable due to the difficulty of removing secretions from the bronchi with a decrease in cough.
The parallel use of the drug in question with antibiotics (including Amoxicillin, Cefuroxime, Erythromycin and Doxycycline) significantly improves the latter’s entry into the pulmonary tract. Such interaction with Doxycycline is actively used for medicinal purposes.
It's important to know!
Before using the Ambrobene solution for inhalation and oral administration, carefully read the attached instructions. It describes the following features of the drug:
- It is undesirable to take the medicine on an empty stomach, otherwise it can negatively affect the mucous membrane of the digestive tract.
- Children under 2 years of age are assigned "Ambrobene" individually.
- The duration of treatment with the drug should be determined by the attending physician.
- With the development of negative reactions, discontinue use of the drug.
- Nursing mothers are not recommended to use the medication.
- The use of mucolytic does not affect the patient’s reaction rate in any way, so it can be used even when doing work that requires a quick reaction and increased attention.
- "Ambrobene" is a non-prescription drug, so it is freely available in pharmacies.
Reviews about the drug, its cost and similar means
What do patients say about Ambrobene? Reviews about this tool are mostly positive. Both doctors and patients evaluate the effect of this medication quite high (on a five-point scale - by 4.5-4.6 points).
The main advantages of the drug in question include:
- quick therapeutic effect;
- high efficacy of the drug;
- the convenience of use;
- pleasant taste for the child;
- possible use at an early age of children;
- a large number of different dosage forms (except drops, there are tablets, capsules, intravenous solution, Ambrobene syrup).
Also on the World Wide Web there are neutral and negative reviews about the drug. The latter are associated with low efficacy of the drug.
What can replace the Ambrobene solution? Similar drugs (according to the mechanism of action) are such drugs as Ascoril, Bronhostop, Libeksin Muko, Atsestin, Kofasma, Acetylcysteine, Erdomed, ACC, Fluimucil, Bromhexine ”,“ Fluifort ”,“ Sinupret ”,“ Bronchosan ”,“ Fluditek ”,“ Bronchobos ”,“ Solvin ”,“ Pulmozyme ”,“ Djoset ”,“ N-AC-Ratiopharm ”,“ Kashnol ”.
The cost of Ambrobene solution for inhalation and oral administration is about 176 rubles (per 100 ml capacity).