One of the common diseases of the urinary tract is cystitis. It occurs due to poor functioning of the immune system due to the presence of infections in the body.
Description
Viral cystitis is a problem associated with urinary tract dysfunction. The disease is manifested by inflammation of the bladder and its mucous membranes. Its functionality is also disrupted. The problem can be infectious and non-infectious. There are two types of phases: acute and chronic. The course of the disease can have both primary and secondary factors.
Forms
In order to choose the right treatment for viral cystitis, you need to conduct a complete diagnosis. Depending on the available symptoms, certain drugs will be prescribed to the patient.
In the patient, either the entire bladder, or a separate part of it, can become inflamed. The form may be chronic or acute. They differ among themselves not only in the method of treatment, but also in the main symptoms. For example, if the phase is acute, then the patient has sharp pains, problems with urination appear, and the temperature also rises. During chronic pathology, all symptoms grow slowly and do not bring much discomfort.
Features
The causes of viral cystitis are infection of individual strains of virions. The symptoms of this disease are not very different from the manifestations of other types of pathology, however, general therapy has some features.
The inflammatory process can develop in representatives of any gender and age. A similar problem occurs to a greater extent in women, since the urethra is short and is located next to the anus. Most often, cystitis is diagnosed at the age of 18 to 30 years. In children, such a pathology is detected due to problems with the immune system.
Pathogens
When diagnosing viral cystitis, it is imperative to identify which pathogen provoked the problem. Most often, those viruses that are provocateurs are in the body in a latent and inactive form. Some varieties of pathogens are able to live peacefully in the body, without causing any complications. Aggression on their part is manifested only in the case of the formation of inflammation and a decrease in the functions of the immune system. The cause of their activity can be infections, pathologies of the endocrine system during menopause, problems with hormones, problems with the thyroid gland.
Viral cystitis can cause diseases that enter the genitourinary system through the bloodstream and provoke inflammation. Sometimes it occurs due to respiratory infections. Cystitis of the described problem can be triggered by an attack of herpes virus, monocytic infection, strains of poliomaviruses.
Hemorrhagic type lesion
If the patient has pink urine, then he has an inflammation of the hemorrhagic type. With this pathology, the tissue structures of the genitourinary system begin to be affected, and the vessels are destroyed. Blood supply begins to break.
If the bleeding is constant and severe, then the ureter may become clogged. Because of this, urine will come out with difficulty, and the bubble will begin to stretch. If the blood loss is plentiful, then the patient begins to develop anemia in 95% of cases. This is a pathology in which the number of red blood cells decreases.
Most often, viral cystitis of this form occurs in elderly patients. Symptoms include fever, a feeling of cold, and malaise.
Pathology quickly passes from an acute form to a chronic one, and it often recurs. In women, treatment should not be postponed for a long time, since with constant manifestations, the muscle tissue of the bladder begins to collapse.
In the absence of therapy, complications in the form of jade or pyelonephritis will appear. The excretory system can also be severely affected.
Herpetic disease
The herpes virus infects the bladder tissue as soon as the immune system fails. Most often, infection occurs through contact with an infected person. When the virus enters the body, it begins to settle on the nerve roots. Over time, as soon as the defense mechanisms weaken, inflammation begins.
Such an infection is difficult to recognize in the diagnosis of viral cystitis. This is due to the fact that its manifestations are similar to ordinary inflammation. If the therapy is untimely or incorrect, then scars and ulcers will occur. Because of this, the patient will experience pain during urination, a constant desire to empty, especially at night, as well as skin rashes.
The main symptoms of viral cystitis of this form: increased temperature (up to 38 ° C), unpleasant urine odor, lower back and pelvic pain, decreased urine output, constant desire to go to the toilet, the feeling that the bladder is not completely empty, the pain sex.
These manifestations are inherent in many types of cystitis, so it will be difficult to immediately identify the disease. In order to determine the diagnosis, an extensive diagnosis should be made and the right treatment methods selected.
Diagnostic Methods
When diagnosing a problem, a blood and urine test must be done to determine the presence of antibodies of the viral type. Necessarily going tank sowing. An ultrasound of the pelvic organs is prescribed, as well as some urological examinations, if there is evidence for that.
Thanks to such measures, it is possible to understand the cause of the disease, and even this will determine if there are tumor neoplasms that can cause similar symptoms.
Treatment methods
Treatment of viral cystitis has its own difficulties. They are associated with the fact that getting rid of the pathogen in the blood and tissues of the genitourinary system is quite difficult. As a rule, herpes virions remain in the body for life. That is why therapy will be aimed only at reducing its activity. The doctor will determine how and how to treat the problem after the diagnostic results.
The basis of therapy is antiviral drugs. Treatment of viral cystitis in women and men without the use of these funds is impossible. In some situations, antibiotics are additionally prescribed. During treatment, it is necessary to stop the infection itself, strengthen the immune system and activate the phagocytosis process.
Medicines used
In order to fight viruses, prescribe such drugs as "Foscarnet", "Zidofovir" and so on. Which course and dosage will be prescribed depends entirely on the severity of the disease. If the patient has a hematological syndrome, then those funds are prescribed that will help saturate the body with iron. Often prescribed "Durules", "Ferrum-Lek." In order to reduce blood loss, they use Ascorutin, Etamsilat and other means.
To restore bladder tissue, Gelon is used. This is a powder immunomodulator. The result is noticeable after several times of application. The product is used twice a day for no more than a week. To make the virus less active, special tools are used. We are talking about those that are based on animal interferons, for example, Viferon. How exactly to use the drug depends on the results of diagnostic measures. A good result is noticeable after use for two weeks.
If there are severe pains, then the doctor may prescribe pain medication. Ibuprofen and Paracetamol help well. Often used additionally anti-inflammatory drugs and antispasmodics. The set of prescribed drugs depends entirely on which virus caused the disease.
Monural
At the moment, Monural is considered very effective. With cystitis, the instructions for use should be read in order to prevent the development of side effects.
If the doctor prescribed a drug in the form of tablets, then each should be washed down with copious amounts of water. When taking a powder form, you need to dissolve the bag in warm water (no more than half a glass). You need to use an antibiotic before bedtime, after emptying the bladder. The dosage does not depend on the patient’s gender. For children, the average dosage should be reduced, for the elderly - increased. For them, the doctor individually must calculate the dose.
The drug in the body remains active for about three days, so most often the relief occurs after the first intake of "Monural" with cystitis. A lot of useful information is written about this in the instructions for use.
Contraindications are minimal. The drug can not be given to patients with renal failure in acute or chronic form, patients who have intolerance to the individual components, and children under six years of age. Most of the side effects are manifested in the form of problems with the intestines and vagina.
Furagin
"Furagin" is an excellent tool that brings good results in the treatment of cystitis. Due to the fact that the medication is not an antibiotic, the intestinal microflora remains in a normal state. The drug has a disinfecting and antimicrobial effect.
Many patients are interested in how to drink "Furagin" with cystitis. The maximum duration of the course is a week. The first two days you need to drink two tablets four times a day, on the third day - skip one dose. The remaining days of the course should be taken in two doses in the morning and in the evening.
Repeated drug therapy is carried out if the disease is in a chronic form. When taking the remedy, you can’t drink alcohol, eat smoked meats, spicy, sour foods, marinades, spices and pickles should also be excluded. In order to prevent dehydration, you should drink plenty of fluids.
Summary
The disease is difficult to treat, because it is almost impossible to eliminate viruses. However, if you start treatment immediately after the first manifestations, you can achieve minimal complications and prolonged remission. Therefore, it is important to consult a doctor on time.