The term "gastroduodenitis" is understood as a disease of the stomach and duodenum, manifested by inflammation of the mucous membrane of these organs. It should be noted that the disease is very common today, and after 70 years - almost one hundred percent. This explains the relevance of the topic "Gastroduodenitis." Symptoms, treatment, prevention of this disease are constantly being investigated, supplemented by new data for the same reason.
Gastroduodenitis can occur both acutely and chronically. An acute course is characterized by destructive changes in the mucous membrane, occurs suddenly, usually as a result of some acute severe condition (mono- or multiple organ failure, sepsis, trauma, exposure to chemical agents), relapses after treatment are not characteristic.
The essence of another form of gastroduodenitis is chronic inflammation of the gastric mucosa and duodenum, resulting in its atrophy. He is characterized by relapses associated with nutritional errors, emotional stress, certain medications, and helminthic infestations. People suffering from this form have a detailed medical history. Chronic gastroduodenitis becomes their constant companion throughout life.
Factors predisposing to the development of gastroduodenitis
The multiple factors causing the onset of the disease are divided into 2 main groups:
- The group of exogenous factors is represented by the use of irritating food, chronic lack of sleep, intoxication, including smoking and the systematic use of alcohol, the use of many drugs, and the action of chemical agents.
- The group of endogenous factors includes a number of chronic diseases that adversely affect the stomach and duodenum, in particular, on their mucous membrane. These include allergic and endocrine diseases, chronic mono- or multiple organ failure, long-term infectious diseases, helminthic infestations, and much more.
Vital activity of Helicobacter pylori in the gastrointestinal tract also causes gastroduodenitis. Symptoms, treatment of this disease in some way are determined by the causes of its occurrence considered above, therefore, it is extremely necessary to identify and consider them.
Symptoms and diagnosis
Gastroduodenitis is often accompanied by dyspeptic syndrome, including nausea, vomiting, heartburn, belching, and bad taste in the mouth. Flatulence and an unstable chair can join the above. With gastroduodenitis, an astheno-neurotic syndrome often manifests itself, which is manifested by fatigue, weakness, insomnia, and headaches.
Various options for abdominal pain are the most typical for a disease such as gastroduodenitis, symptoms whose treatment is primarily of interest to the patient. Pain is usually concentrated in the epigastric or umbilical region. They can be debilitating, aching, “hungry”, or appear after a delayed time after eating, if we are talking about gastroduodenitis with increased enzymatic activity. With reduced gastric secretion, the pain is less intense, dull, occurs after a meal, can be determined by patients simply as discomfort.
The diagnosis is established based on the results of fibroesophagogastroduodenoscopy (FGDS). This type of study allows you to visualize signs of inflammation of the gastric and duodenal mucosa, the presence of erosion, or other pathology using special equipment. Also, in the course of FGDS, the acidity of gastric juice is determined by pH-metry or by the method of its fractional study.
How to treat gastroduodenitis?
Of paramount importance is the observance of a diet that excludes spicy, fatty, spicy, plentiful food, alcohol. Steamed, boiled or stewed foods are preferred. It is important to eat fractionally, that is, often in small portions.
Depending on the pathogenetic orientation, the use of the following groups of drugs for the treatment of gastroduodenitis is recommended:
- To eliminate Helicobacter pylori infection , antibacterial drugs are used.
- In order to prevent the effects of irritating agents on the mucous membrane of the duodenum and stomach, gastroprotectors, for example, De-nol, are taken.
- For the same purpose, antacids are used (Almagel, Maalox and others). In this case, the irritating agent is gastric juice, which has increased secretory activity.
- With reduced secretion, on the contrary, the secretion of gastric juice is necessary, for which pancreatic enzymes are prescribed: Mezim, Pancreatin and others.
- Not the last place in the treatment of gastroduodenitis is physiotherapy. For example, with intense pain, electrophoresis with novocaine is used.
It should be understood that the symptoms characteristic of a disease such as gastroduodenitis, the treatment of which we have examined, cause a lot of inconvenience to patients. Therefore, it is important to exclude all of the above factors leading to the development of this ailment. It is important to remember that preventing a disease is easier than treating it.