The occurrence of such an alarming symptom as blood, which is observed from the anus, is a common phenomenon. Regardless of the amount of blood released and the frequency of this process, anyone who cares about their health will instantly understand that something is wrong with him. Of course, in this case, you should definitely consult a doctor.
The appearance of rectal bleeding: is it worth it to panic at all?
In any case, the appearance of blood in the area is an alarm, and the danger can be very serious. However, the causes that cause bleeding from the anus can be very different. Sometimes you can delay your trip to the doctor a little, and sometimes the situation will not be delayed. In such cases, you need to call a doctor immediately and agree to hospitalization. Similar situations are the following circumstances:
- The appearance of severe bleeding from the anus, which does not lend itself to stopping.
- The presence of vomiting, which contains visible traces of blood.
- The appearance of bloody discharge from the nasal passages.
- The appearance of bruises and bruises, whose nature is not mechanical (bruises, bumps).
- A significant deterioration in well-being, which manifests itself in the form of increased indicators of body temperature and abdominal pain.
Thus, if, immediately after visiting the toilet, a person finds traces of blood on paper, and there is one of the listed symptoms, an ambulance should be called immediately.
The main causes of such bleeding
All the available reasons, due to which there is bleeding from the anus, are conditionally divided into three groups. First of all, it is bleeding that forms against the background of infectious pathologies, and, in addition, they can occur due to diseases of the blood and digestive system. The hemorrhages provoked by infectious diseases include the following conditions:
- The appearance of salmonellosis.
- The presence of enterovirus.
- The appearance of rotavirus
- The presence in the body of various parasites, for example, worms.
- The presence of typhoid fever.
- The presence of diseases that become infected during unprotected intercourse, for example, the presence of a venereal granuloma, syphilis or genital herpes.
- The development of dysentery.
- The appearance of hemorrhagic fever.
Blood diseases that provoke similar bleeding from the anus with stool include:
- The development of leukemia.
- The development of mesenteric thrombosis.
The causes of bleeding from the anus in women and men are not limited to this. Digestive system diseases include:
- The appearance of ulcerative lesions of the stomach and intestines.
- The appearance of gastritis with the threat of a transition to ulcerative pathology.
- The development of varicose veins, which is located in the esophagus.
- The presence of oncology in the rectal region.
- The presence of polyps in the intestines.
- The development of intestinal tuberculosis.
- The presence of Crohn's disease.
- The appearance of ulcerative colitis.
- The development of intestinal diverticulosis.
- The appearance of hemorrhoids.
- The presence of cracks in the anus.
Why arises?
Is there always bleeding from the anus with these diseases? This is a logical question that arises in many people with the above diagnosis options. Most likely, far from one person who successfully got rid of a particular pathology will confirm that such a symptom is not necessary, however, in some cases, patients still have to deal with it.
As for examples, when a patient has erosive gastritis along with a peptic ulcer in the digestive system, at first such ailments alone do not provoke bleeding. But if you do not deal with the disease, the ulcer will increase not only in its area, but will also grow further inward. As long as the ulcer is within the mucosa, the patient will only feel pain, but bleeding will occur against the background of damage to blood vessels. In this case, blood begins to enter the intestines, excreted in the feces.
One of the most frequently observed causes of bleeding from the anus in women is hemorrhoids, especially after childbirth. True, at the same time it is almost the safest diagnosis for the patient’s life, in which the appearance of blood from this area is a symptom. According to official health statistics, two out of three people experience hemorrhoids after forty-five. Depending on the disease, discharge in the form of blood may appear in the form of a few drops. But it also happens that abundant discharge is observed that provokes anemia.
Often, detection of bleeding from the anus with stool and a visit to the doctor to this effect reveals that the person has anal fissures. Often, such a problem can occur in people who:
- Abused detergents intended for hygiene of the anus and perineum.
- Suffer due to frequent constipation.
- They eat food, which ultimately provokes a strong compaction of the stool.
There is bleeding from the anus without stool. The fact that one of the causes of blood discharge is precisely cracks is evidenced by several facts. First, patients notice blood only after their visit to the toilet. In addition, burning sensation during soap use may occur, and pain during bowel movements becomes unbearable.
Why does bleeding from the anus occur without pain?
Most common causes
It often happens that people develop spotting on the background of ulcerative colitis or because of Crohn’s disease. These pathologies are chronic, with them the intestinal walls can become inflamed, ulcers occur on them. At the same time, intestinal functions are significantly impaired. Bleeding usually begins when the treatment was not carried out on time, and the ulcerative lesion of the intestine was quite neglected. Such diseases sometimes provoke a rupture of the intestinal walls along with a malignant tumor, which will also manifest itself in the form of bleeding of various intensities.
The causes of bleeding from the anus should be determined by the doctor.
Against the background of some pathologies, circulatory disorders occur. Such diseases can be considered cirrhosis along with tumors and hepatitis. All sorts of parasites can serve as a cause. Due to these conditions in healthy veins, a person's blood pressure rises significantly. This phenomenon does not bypass the veins of the esophagus and stomach. In the event that the underlying disease was timely detected and treated, the patient may not even suspect that his veins had to survive the increased load. But in the event that the disease is started, the venous expansion progresses and simply cannot continue to be ignored: the patient develops heartburn with belching, and, in addition, after eating, a heaviness with pain appears in the liver area. Vomiting with impurities of red blood is not excluded. It is at this stage that it is precisely in the feces that spotting occurs. Very rarely, they are plentiful.
The causes of bleeding from the anus in men are not known to everyone.
There are cases in which the intestinal mucosa grows uncontrollably, forming growths. In this case, most likely, we are talking about polyps. As long as they are small, the patient may not be aware of their existence. Only colonoscopy will help to detect them. Due to the proliferation of polyps in humans, constipation occurs, therefore, as a result, blood is increasingly found in the feces.
Not always the appearance of bleeding from the anus means the presence of an advanced disease. For example, with tumors of the digestive system, this is the very first symptom of the development of pathology. And directly the color with the number of secretions depends on the location of the tumor. Almost immediately, blood can be detected with diverticulosis, since this disease is accompanied by protrusion of the walls.
Any infection that has entered the human body will negatively affect the intestines. Often infectious diseases provoke the formation of ulcers on its wall, because of this bleeding, often profuse, is possible. In this regard, when detecting infectious diseases, you can not self-medicate, and immediately you need to enlist the support of such a specialist as a proctologist.
Unfortunately, bleeding from the anus is often a manifestation of malignant pathologies of bone marrow and blood. Usually it is heavy bleeding from the anus and therefore provokes anemia, in which it is almost impossible to do without a blood transfusion.
Causes: stomach or intestinal ulcer, the presence of erosive gastritis
Peptic ulcer, which is caused by bacteria, can occur in waves. Periods of some calm can be replaced by exacerbations. In the event that ulcerative defects or erosion due to gastritis are small, then such a disease will manifest itself only by hunger pain or discomfort after eating.
With the passage of time, as already noted, the ulcer can grow in width, drilling the walls of the stomach or intestines. In the event that blood vessels are damaged, abundant and life-threatening bleeding from the anus without pain will occur. Doctors diagnose with treatment in these cases thanks to gastroscopy. Through this procedure, a peptic ulcer is detected and cauterized. After improving the condition, patients undergo therapy for gastric inflammation along with the removal of harmful bacteria.
Intestinal infections as a common cause of rectal bleeding
Many infectious pathologies are extremely detrimental to the state of the intestine, which leads to the formation of ulcers and inflammatory changes. Often, in this case, people develop bleeding, which sometimes turns out to be profuse. For example, dysentery begins with the appearance of copious, and at the same time watery stools, after which rare bowel movements with mucus and blood are noted.
Typhoid fever in people is diagnosed against a background of high fever. In addition, a common symptom is the presence of a characteristic rash that occurs on the stomach. In addition, dark stools may appear due to bleeding. Various hemorrhagic fevers in patients manifest in the form of fever and bleeding in various organs. Most of these infections are treated in the hospital using antibiotics. Also, patients are injected with fluids to restore water balance. In addition, drugs are prescribed that support the function of diseased organs.
Pathology treatment
Bleeding from the anus is not a disease, but a symptom, so you should be careful about it. In most cases, patients cannot determine on their own what exactly caused the blood, and even more so are not able to choose the right treatment.
Rectal bleeding detected: what to do in this case?
In the event that immediately after a bowel movement, a person discovers that there is blood in his stool or if traces of it remain on toilet paper, then you should not panic ahead of time, you should try to visit a therapist as soon as possible and begin treatment for bleeding from the anus. To begin with, the patient will be assigned a consultation of a proctologist. In the event that the bleeding is severe, and the patient feels that his general condition is deteriorating, an ambulance must be urgently called. Only after determining the cause of the disease state, a qualified specialist can prescribe therapy.
Methods for diagnosing pathology
In medicine, various techniques are used to help determine what exactly caused the bleeding from the anus:
- Performing rectoscopy. Using this technique, the digestive system of a person is examined, or rather, its lower sections. Thanks to this method, doctors can determine hemorrhoids, the presence of anal fissures or various formations in the intestine.
- Colonoscopy is a comprehensive rectoscopy. It is carried out using the endoscopic method, which allows you to detect changes that have occurred in the intestine.
- Irrigoscopy. As part of its implementation, a special substance is introduced into the intestine, which is necessary to obtain a clear x-ray image.
- Performing gastroduodenoscopy. This procedure involves examination using an endoscope, which allows you to assess the condition of the mucous membrane of the digestive organs. Sometimes, with the help of this technique, cauterization of an ulcer is performed.
- Performing an analysis of feces allows you to detect blood, even when it is visually invisible. This procedure is prescribed to patients if the doctor suspects the presence of a disease, the symptom of which is bleeding from the anus in men and women.
Therapy
It is quite obvious that with so many causes that cause rectal bleeding, it is impossible to have only one universal treatment regimen for all patients. In addition, it is important to emphasize that the disease in question is not a disease, but a symptom, therefore, to eliminate it, you must first cure the pathology that caused the bleeding. Of course, not always the blood that is released from the anus serves as a serious pathology, but in all situations without exception - this is an occasion in order to go to the doctor. There can be no talk of any self-medication, even in those cases when a person knows what exactly turned out to be the cause of the appearance of blood. Depending on what caused the problem in question, methods of dealing with it differ:
- Drug therapy is most often used against the background of the infectious nature of rectal bleeding or in the presence of helminthic invasions. Elimination of the causes contributes to the disappearance of alarming symptoms.
- Surgical therapy is prescribed in the presence of polyps, neoplasms and advanced forms of hemorrhoids.
- Contact treatment is used for ulcerative lesions of the walls of the stomach and intestines. For this, cauterization of an ulcer is done.
- Combination therapy is often required to conduct a more effective fight against pathology. For example, with an ulcer, cauterization is carried out first, and then antibacterial therapy.
Suppositories for bleeding from the anus
It is important to note that not a single drug, in the description of which it would be indicated that it is used for rectal bleeding, does not exist. This is because such a condition is a consequence of internal diseases that require an integrated approach. But, nevertheless, with some diagnoses, such bleeding can be eliminated with the help of rectal suppositories.
Basically, suppositories against bleeding from the anus are prescribed to patients who suffer from hemorrhoids. The active substances that make up such drugs can have several functions at the same time. Firstly, they anesthetize, and secondly, they can contribute to the resorption of nodes. Also, rectal bleeding therapy with suppositories is carried out in the event that the only cause of blood is chronic constipation, due to which the stool during stool is so dense that it damages the mucous membrane. In this case, the use of candles will be shown, which can cause a laxative effect.
Regardless of the cause of bleeding from the anus, the very first thing a patient needs to do is contact a qualified medical professional who can make an accurate diagnosis and prescribe the necessary therapy.
If this trouble is not eliminated in time, the consequences can be serious. We are talking about the development of such ailments as paraproctitis, prolapse of venous nodes, anemia, thrombosis, etc.