The universal laws of art embodied in beliefs, ceremonies, religious rituals, canons of architecture, monumental and decorative art, painting, sculpture, art word and music in the merger of one artistic whole - this is an incomplete list of what the synthesis of temple art presents to humanity. Moreover, the emergence, development, and the very existence of this phenomenon differ among different nations in their rare similarities. It reflects the attitude of the ages, all of humanity's ideas about the world.
The unity of earthly and heavenly
The main value of absolutely any religion, whether Christianity, Buddhism or Islam, is the temples that embody the image of the world order. Such religious buildings are the dwellings of the omnipresent unearthly God on Earth. These are places where God is acquired through prayer, union with Him through the sacrament, and the salvation of the soul.
The idea of the divine is contained in the very image of the Temple of the Most High, which lives outside the limits of human consciousness and combines the ideas of people about the world order. There is a refuge from the vanity of the world, there is awareness of the unity of heaven and earth. The synthesis of arts in aesthetic education also works.
The high musicality of the word, ancient icons with strict faces, the ceremonial architecture of temples, monumental murals, the dignity of plastic sculptures, beautiful and most accurately weighted melodies of church music - all this gives rise to lofty moral feelings when thoughts about life and death, about sin and about repentance, when the soul strives for ideal and truth. The synthesis of temple art refers to compassion and sympathy, peace and tenderness, spiritualization and enlightened joy.
The arrangement of the Orthodox church
The Orthodox Church gives all the domed space for worshipers, while the altar room is intended for divine superreality. They remind of God and call to Him icons. Until the eighteenth century, all church music was strictly monophonic, echoing the asceticism of icons, murals, mosaics. After the musical compositions that accompanied the service, they became polyphonic and more concert, often composer. This was a temple synthesis of arts and the fusion of church and secular principles.
The decoration of the temples has also become richer in form and brighter in palette. Gold, cinnabar, purple, smalt - the images of saints have become more expressive, intense and diverse, singing - more professional, even skilled. All this sets the flock to a solemn prayer mood, and the service itself grows with grandeur.
The synthesis of temple art in Catholicism
The Catholic Cathedral is grandiose and majestic in architectural terms, the interior is bright, the space is filled with air and flight. All parts of the decor are directed upwards: pillars and columns are thin and elegant, lancet arches, stained glass windows, openwork, the barriers between the inner territory of the cathedral and the outside world seem ephemeral.
Unlike a choir without instrumental accompaniment in an Orthodox church, both the choir and the organ sound in the Catholic. Architecture, painting, sculpture, as well as the sacrament of service - all types of synthesis of arts are also fundamentally different.
Understanding the Truth in Islam
The huge dome of the Muslim temple - the mosque - is a symbol of one God (Allah), and the tower near it - the minaret - symbolizes the prophet of his Mohammedan. The mosque consists of two proportionate spaces - an open courtyard and a shaded prayer hall. All the architectural parts of the Muslim temple reflect Muslim concepts of beauty: the dome seems to soar above the mosque, niches hang over each other, like steps in an endless sky, the minaret is directed upward to divine greatness.
On the walls of the mosque you can see only beautifully decorated sayings from the holy book of Muslims - the Qur'an, since here the temple synthesis of arts incorporated only architecture and a poetic word to the accompaniment of strings. Portraying gods or any living creature is strictly prohibited and is considered sacrilege. Here, there is only an ornament as a phenomenon of the Muslim worldview - a symbol of infinity in the rhythmic repetitions of the main motives. In turn, repetition is the most reliable way to express devotion to Allah and comprehend its truth.
The Problem of Synthesis of Arts in Buddhism
Buddhists organize outdoor festivals. Their processions are very colorfully dramatized, accompanied by music and dancing. Particularly impressive is the Buddhist throat singing. These inhuman sounds seem to connect the worshipers with distant unpredictable antiquity, at the same time carry consciousness into space, into the music of the spheres.
The ancient Buddhist temple was built from huge slabs and stones as the basis for a heavy and lush sculptural and ornamental decoration that covered almost its entire surface. There are no arcs and vaults in a Buddhist temple. Numerous bells usually ring on the roofs, swaying from the slightest gust of wind, melodiously ringing and driving away evil spirits. Bells - a ritual item that is used in worship. However, the temple synthesis of arts in Buddhism and Islam is not as complete as in Christianity.
Florensky about the Trinity-Sergius Lavra
A laurel cannot simply be a museum precisely because an object of art is not a thing - it cannot be a motionless, standing, dead mummy of artistic activity. It is necessary to make it never run dry, always beating a stream of creativity. The subject of art is a living, pulsating activity of the Creator himself, albeit moved away from Him through time and space, but inseparable and shimmering with all the colors of life, always exciting the spirit.
Art must be vital, and this depends on the degree of unity of impressions and the way they are expressed. The unity of content attracts us to true art. Removing any one facet from the full-content function, we obtain a fiction of the real content.
The laurel should be regarded as a synthesis of temple art, as a cultural and artistic entity, as a center and monument of high culture. Every little thing needs to be valued: its way of life, its peculiar life that has receded into the region of the distant past.
Synthetic art
Various types of arts are actively combined in theater, cinema and television. Here, most often, musical, dramatic, visual art and literature interact.
First of all, the listener or viewer perceives exactly the literary basis of the performance or film. The visual perception of the image is helped by costumes and scenery to create an atmosphere of reality, which the plot presents. Music creates and enhances emotional experiences.
A unique genre on stage is a musical, which also required a special synthesis of art. Examples of the disclosure of serious material by the most accessible means for the audience perception are as follows: the musical "Notre Dame de Paris" by Hugo, where the musical, dramatic, choreographic, vocal, plastic and artistic arts have merged. The musical has the features of a vaudeville, operetta, variety show, variety show, due to which it is distinguished by the brightness of the material.
Synthesis of art on television includes not only feature television films and series, but also many shows that are held according to certain scenarios. Here, color-musical lighting devices are connected to the design and decoration of the studios, which help to create the atmosphere, space and a certain sound environment provided for by the script. Synthesis of the arts on television includes especially many components.
Philosophy as a synthesis
Science reveals to humanity the general, and art - the private. Philosophy is the bridge that connects one with the other. Science is the bastion of the mind. Art is a territory of feelings. Philosophy, as the writers joke, is no longer art, but not science. It is a synthesis of science and art, because it combines two approaches - universal and individual, combining mind and feelings, objectivism and abstraction of science and concrete subjectivity of art.
Philosophy is capable of knowing ecstasy in scientific concepts, it needs the chill of scientific rationalism, the emotionality of art, and the revelation of religion. She is able to answer questions not only about the universal being as a whole, but also about the place of man in it. Synthesizing the mind, feeling and faith, in the first place philosophy brings the mind.
Synthesis of Arts at Dow
For preschool educational institutions (DOE), special programs have been developed to help develop children's perceptions, which are based on a synthesis of arts. Here three types of activities interact: music, visual arts and fiction.
Elements mutually enriched in the synthesis of art enhance cognition and have a beneficial effect on the harmonious development of the child’s personality. Literature, painting and music comprehensively fill the spiritual essence, provide new knowledge, enrich the inner world, give new opportunities.
Literature, music and painting embrace the spiritual life of the child comprehensively and fully, and their interaction enriches each of them with new features and capabilities. In the classroom at the pre-school educational institution, the plan provides for the inclusion in the work of children's artistic activity in a variety of forms: reading poetry and prose, listening to music, watching videos, drawing, dancing.
Integrated Activities
The direction of the educational program of the DOE has become the emotional sphere of perception of pupils. Rich artistic experience gives the child the accuracy of his judgments, logic, and makes his work expressive.
Children were given the opportunity to learn that one phenomenon is reflected in various forms of art. The range of musical impressions expands, the vocabulary is enriched, an idea of costumes and scenery, hairstyles and makeup, various antiques appears.
The triumph of soul music
Works of architecture, sculpture, painting help the development of speech and are useful for the perception of a musical image. It’s good for such work to stock up with samples of applied art, folk craft, among which the following: Gorodets painting, embroideries, various felted crafts, Dymkovo toy. Literature, read simultaneously with the study of art craft, should be appropriate - folklore or stylization. And first of all, this should work on the perception of the musical work, which is planned by the program for listening at the moment. Music in this synthesis of arts is usually dominant.
Children need to be introduced to opera and ballet. First, it makes sense to show sketches of costumes and sets or program painting on this topic, simultaneously conducting an acquaintance with the plot. Then at the first listening or viewing, the musical grain will fall on the already prepared soil. Children will not be distracted from music, and it will remain a priority.