"Allopurinol", the instructions indicate, are released in the form of tablets in 100 mg. The drug refers to medication anti-gout, inhibiting the synthesis of uric acid. The structure of "Allopurinol" is an analogue of hypoxanthine, which inhibits the main enzyme that is involved in the formation of uric acid. The drug "Allopurinol", reviews confirm this, affects the dissolution of urate salts, the cessation of their formation in the tissues of the body and in the kidneys.
"Allopurinol", instructions for indications
The drug is prescribed:
for the prevention, treatment of gout and hyperuricemia (including complicated renal failure), a diagnosis of nephrolithiasis, urate nephropathy;
with oxalate-calcium kidney stones in combination with hyperuricosuria;
with an increased level of urates generated as a result of enzymatic disorders;
for the prevention of acute nephropathy during the period of cytostatic, radiation treatment of the tumor and leukemia;
with therapeutic fasting.
"Allopurinol", dosage instructions
The doctor sets the dose of the drug individually, depending on
the level of urates found in the blood and urine, as well as the concentration of uric acid. Adults are prescribed from 100 mg of Allopurinol to 900 mg per day. The daily dose is required to be divided into 2-4 doses. Tablets should be taken after meals.
For children under the age of 15, the daily dose of the drug is calculated with the accuracy of the formula: 10-20 mg per 1 kg of the child’s weight or from 100 mg of Allopurinol to 400 mg is prescribed.
The maximum dose for patients with impaired renal function is 100 mg. The doctor can increase the dose if, against the background of the treatment, the high level of urates found in the blood and urine remains unchanged.
"Allopurinol", instructions for side effects
In isolated cases, abnormalities in the work of the cardiovascular system were observed, which were manifested by arterial hypertension, bradycardia.
Possible disturbances in the digestive system, which are manifested:
nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, a transient increase in the activity of transaminases observed in blood serum;
hepatitis, impaired liver function;
stomatitis (in single patients);
steatorrhea.
In isolated cases, "Allopurinol" drug has caused disturbances in the nervous system, which are manifested:
weakness, increased fatigue, headaches, dizziness;
ataxia, drowsiness, depression;
coma, paresis, paresthesia;
cramps, neuropathy;
visual impairment; cataract
changes in the structure of the papilla of the optic nerve;
disturbances in taste.
Very rarely observed disorders in the hematopoietic system, which manifested thrombocytopenia, agranulocytosis and aplastic anemia, leukopenia (at risk include patients who have impaired renal function).
There may be disturbances in the functioning of the urinary system, which are rarely manifested by interstitial nephritis; in single patients - edema, uremia, hematuria.
Disorders in the endocrine system are manifested in isolated cases by infertility, impotence, gynecomastia, and diabetes mellitus.
Metabolic disorders were manifested in isolated cases with hyperlipidemia.
Allergic or dermatological adverse reactions are possible.
"Allopurinol", instructions for contraindications
Do not prescribe the drug:
with violations in the liver, kidneys;
during pregnancy and lactation;
with increased sensitivity to Allopurinol.
In medical practice, children under 12 years of age, "Allopurinol" is prescribed only for the treatment of malignant neoplasms, with leukemia, with enzyme disorders, for example, with Lesch-Nyhen syndrome.