Cure for the spleen: effective drugs

In the article, we consider effective medicines for the spleen.

The spleen is a parenchymal organ that has the shape of a bean located relative to the ninth and eleventh ribs, between the diaphragm and the lower part of the stomach. It has a reddish-violet color and contains many blood vessels. If the spleen is healthy, then it is not palpable, the patient also does not feel it. Soreness and an increase in organ size may indicate the development of diseases. Its therapy depends on the underlying pathology. Consider the drugs that treat the spleen below.

Pathology of the spleen

Under normal conditions, the weight of the spleen is 150-200 grams, size - 4x7x11 cm. The organ is located parallel to the 10th rib, in the upper abdomen, on the left. When breathing, the spleen does not go beyond the costal arches, so the patient does not feel it. If it is felt, then this indicates the presence of splenomegaly. Such a pathology can be triggered by tumors, metabolic disorders, infections.

The most important function of the spleen is phagocytosis. Phagocytes neutralize old red blood cells, microorganisms, and other cells. That is, they filter the blood.

Lymphopoiesis

During pregnancy, the spleen is an important hematopoietic organ of the fetus. Lymphopoiesis in the spleen lasts for almost the entire life. The lymphocytes formed by her take part in immune reactions. In some adults, the process of hematopoiesis can resume, for example, with myelosclerosis, chronic myeloid leukemia.

Pathophysiological anatomical options include:

1. Splenomegaly. Represents an enlargement of the spleen. It develops against a background of various conditions - malignant tumors (leukemia, lymphomas), infections (malaria, for example), and other pathologies (portal hypertension).
2. Aspenia It is a rare disease, the patient with it has had no spleen since birth.
3. Autosplenectomy. This condition is a pathology in which splenic heart attack develops. As a rule, sickle cell anemia is the cause.
   

Primary pathologies of the spleen are quite rare. As a result of a serious accident or injury, a rupture of the spleen may occur, in which case the patient requires emergency surgical intervention. Splenomegaly is usually a symptom, not a disease. Responsible for the increase in organ size can be many pathologies:

1. Tumor of the spleen (usually metastases from other organs).
2. Splenic abscess.
3. Cirrhosis of the liver.
4. Traumatic pathology.
5. Infectious pathologies of an acute, chronic nature.
6. Pathologies of the lymphatic system, for example, lymphoma.
7. Hematologic pathologies: leukemia, thalassemia, true polycythemia.

Splenomegaly

The most common organ pathology, in addition to a traumatic rupture, is splenomegaly. It can be accompanied by hypersplenism (organ hyperfunction): an excessive amount of red blood cells, platelets, white blood cells begins to accumulate in the spleen. In addition, the body begins to destroy a large number of normal cells. As a result, the patient develops anemia, thrombocytopenia.

So what spleen medications are used?

Drug therapy

Drug therapy - the main part of treatment, as a rule, always leads to recovery. Those or other drugs are prescribed taking into account several principles:

1. Etiological therapy with medicines - is aimed at eliminating the causes of the disease (for example, against pathological infectious agents).
2. Pathogenetic drug therapy - aimed at inhibiting the mechanisms of development of pathology (for example, anti-inflammatory process).
3. Symptomatic drug therapy - aimed at stopping the symptoms of pathology (for example, pain in the spleen).

Thus, for therapeutic purposes, medications belonging to several pharmacological groups can be used.

Antiseptic drugs

Medications for the spleen of the antiseptic group are widely used to treat pathologies of the spleen provoked by the activity of microorganisms.

Derivatives of nitrofuran are often used . This is a group of antiseptic drugs that have a wide range of antimicrobial effects, destructively affecting almost all microbial agents (gram-negative, gram-positive bacteria, spirochetes, some viruses).

The drugs of this group include: “Furazolidone”, “Furadonin”, “Furagin”.

Preparations related to derivatives of 8-hydroxyquinoline: “Enteroseptol”, “Intestopan”, “Nitroxolin” are detrimental to E. coli.

Quinoxaline derivatives: “Quinoxidine”, “Dioxidine” are powerful antiseptic drugs that eliminate inflammation caused by a protein, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

Medicines for the spleen in tablets with extensive antimicrobial activity, killing anaerobes, protozoa, bacteroids that can provoke spleen diseases, are drugs related to derivatives of 5-nitroimidazole: Tinidazole, Trichopol, Flagil, Metrogil, Metronidol ".

Gonococci and streptococci easily kill sulfanilamide derivatives: Sulfalen, Biseptol, Sulfadimethoxin, Sulfapyridazine, Etazol, Streptocid.

What other drugs for the spleen are often used?

Anti-inflammatory drugs

The processes of inflammation in the spleen begin to develop when infectious agents penetrate into it. The use of anti-inflammatory drugs can eliminate pain, reduce temperature, stop the development of inflammation.

Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs have a number of negative effects, and therefore they are prescribed only to some patients. These include: “Ketoprofen”, “Ketorol”, “Ketorolac” (contribute to the elimination of pain), “Amidoprine”, “Ibuprofen”, “Naproxen”, “Ketoprofen”, “Piroxicam”, “Diclofenac”, “Flurbiprofen”, “ Indomethacin "(can eliminate the inflammatory reaction).

Steroid-type anti-inflammatory drugs are inherently glucocorticoids synthesized by the adrenal cortex. They are characterized by a strong anti-inflammatory effect. Quite often they are recommended for the treatment of acute lymphoblastic and myeloid leukemia, infectious mononucleosis, accompanied by splenomegaly. These include: Betamethasone, Triamcinolone, Methylprednisolone, Cortisone, Prednisolone, Dexamethasone, Hydrocortisone. These are the most popular drugs. Medicines for the treatment of the spleen should be prescribed by a doctor.

Antibiotic therapy

Antibiotics are one of the most important groups in the treatment of any infectious pathologies. They are prescribed for inflammation directly in the spleen. Before starting antibiotic therapy, a variety of the microbe that provoked the pathology should be identified, that is, to determine its sensitivity to the drug.

The names of the drugs for the spleen are given below. Antibiotics come in several groups:

1. Glycopeptides - Vancomycin.
2. Fluoroquinolones - Levofloxacin, Ciprofloxacin, Ofloxacin.
3. Carbapenems - "Tienam."
4. Tetracyclines - Doxycycline.
5. Erythromycins - “Sumamed”, “Azithromycin”.
6. Aminoglycosides - "Streptomycin", "Kanamycin".
7. Monobactams - “Karbopenem”.
8. Cephalosporins - “Sulpiraceph”, “Cefepim”, “Cefotetan”, “Ceftibuten”, “Ceftazidime”, “Cefotaxim”, “Loracarbef”, “Cefuroxime”, “Cefaclor”, “Cefazolin”, “Cephalexin”.
9. Penicillins - "Bicillin", "Nafcillin", "Cloxacillin", "Oxacillin", "Amoxiclav", "Amoxicillin", "Ampicillin".
10. Antiviral agents - Idoxuridine, Oksomen, Arbidol, Ribamidil, Vidarabin, Oksomen, Foscarnet, Ganciclovir, Metisazon.

Antibacterial drugs for pain in the spleen can be prescribed together with anti-inflammatory drugs, since their parallel use leads to an increase in the effect of each other.

Immunomodulating agents

A fairly frequent condition of the body is a deficiency of immunity. A drop in the body's protective abilities can occur as a result of exposure to infections, bad habits, poor nutrition, and stress. Due to the fact that the spleen takes part in the formation of lymphoid tissues, splenectomy also leads to a decrease in immunity. In this situation, immunomodulatory agents come to the rescue.

These include:

1. Chemicals - “Alloferon”, “Immunal”, “Levamisole”.
2. Nucleic acids - Derinat, Poludan.
3. Cytokines - Betaleikin, Neupogen.
4. Microbial - Ribomunil, Imudon, Bronchomunal.
5. Bone marrow - "Saramil", "Myelopeptide."
6. Thymic - “Bestim”, “Taktivin”, “Timogen”, “Timalin”.

conclusions

Thus, for the treatment of spleen diseases, drugs of various pharmacological groups are used. As a rule, the greatest efficiency is achieved with complex therapy, involving the use of drugs of several groups at once.

We examined what medications are most often prescribed for pain in the spleen.