In the article, we consider the instructions for the use of "Sanvala". Indications and contraindications will also be presented. The drug is a sleeping pill medication with a sedative effect and a slight central muscle relaxant, anticonvulsant, anxiolytic effect.
Composition, pharmacological form
According to the instructions, "Sanval" is available in tablet form. The tablets of the drug have a round, convex shape on both sides, covered with a film-type membrane. Tablets with a dosage of 5 mg have a light pink color, with a dosage of 10 mg - white or almost white color. The medicine is packaged in blisters, each blister contains 10 tablets, in addition they are packed in cardboard boxes. One such pack can contain 1 or 2 blisters.
The active component in the composition of the drug is zolpidem tartrate.
Additional components
Additionally, in the manufacture of the drug colloidal silicon dioxide, magnesium stearate, microcrystalline cellulose, sodium carboxymethyl starch, lactose monohydrate, povidone, talc, carnauba wax, hyprolose, titanium dioxide, hypromellose, macrogol 400 are used. The indications in the Sanvala instructions for use are described in detail.
Indications for use of the drug
In accordance with the manufacturer's annotation, the medicine is prescribed for patients who have sleep disturbances associated with early and nocturnal awakenings, difficulty falling asleep. Are there any contraindications?
Contraindications
As the instructions for the use of "Sanvala" indicate, sleeping pills can not be used if the patient has the following pathological or physiological conditions:
- Personal intolerance to the substances that make up the drug.
- Severe forms of myasthenia gravis.
- Syndrome of night apnea.
- Age less than 18 years.
- The lactation period.
- The first trimester of pregnancy.
- Severe and acute forms of respiratory failure.
- Severe, acute, chronic forms of hepatic dysfunction.
- Lactase deficiency, lactose intolerance, glucose-galactose malabsorption.
In addition, it is important to take special care when using the medication in patients suffering from the following conditions:
- Respiratory failure mild to moderate.
- Narcotic, alcoholic, other addiction.
- Pregnancy in the 2nd and 3rd trimesters.
- Depression.
- Mental illness.
- Liver failure of mild to moderate severity.
Use of a pharmacological agent
In accordance with the instructions to “Sanval”, it should be used orally, some time after eating, just before bedtime. Drink the tablets with water.
It must be borne in mind that taking the drug involves continuous sleep for 7-8 hours. The duration of the therapeutic course and dosage should be determined individually by the doctor. A day is allowed to use no more than 10 mg of the drug.
Patients in old age, as well as those who suffer from liver failure or have a weakened state, are recommended to start taking the medicine with a minimum dose of 5 mg. If the medication is well tolerated, in order to achieve a clinical effect, it is allowed to increase the dose to 10 mg.
The average duration of therapy for situational insomnia is 2-3 weeks, transient insomnia - 2-5 days. You can take the medicine continuously for no more than a month. If therapy is carried out in short courses, a gradual withdrawal of the drug is not required. This is confirmed by the instructions for use and reviews of “Sanval”.
To reduce the likelihood of rebounding insomnia after prolonged use of the drug, it is recommended to gradually cancel the drug, lowering the dosage every day. It is forbidden to categorically violate the dosage regimen prescribed by the doctor.
Negative effects of the drug
According to the instructions for use and reviews of Sanval, a variety of negative manifestations can develop against the background of the use of the medicine. Among them:
- Urticaria, excessive sweating, rash, itching.
- Muscle weakness, back pain.
- Respiratory depression.
- Increased activity of liver transaminases.
- Diplopia.
- Diarrheal manifestations, abdominal pain, vomiting, nausea.
- Angioneurotic edema.
- Impaired consciousness, anterograde amnesia, dizziness, drowsiness, headache, increased insomnia.
- Infectious lesions of the upper, lower parts of the respiratory system.
- Decreased libido, depression, rebound insomnia, anger, drug dependence, aggressiveness, delirium, dysphoria, anxiety, somnambulism, behavioral disorders, psychosis, confusion, irritability, hallucinations, agitation, nightmares.
The occurrence of this symptomatology is a reason for refusing to use the medication and going to the doctor.
Overdose
What else does the instruction for Sanvalu tell us? Intoxication is manifested by the development of the following symptoms: depression of the respiratory center, decreased blood pressure, impaired consciousness - from slight drowsiness, up to the development of a coma. An emergency is to immediately flush the stomach. The drug has a specific antidote - flumazenil. The use of any sedative medication, even if the patient has a strong excitability, is strictly prohibited.
Hemodialysis is ineffective. If necessary, the patient is hospitalized and symptomatic therapy is carried out. Is the drug a medicine? According to official data, the drug is included in the list of the Russian Medicines Register (RLS). Instructions for use "Sanvala" must be strictly observed.
special instructions
The need to use the medicine should be determined by a competent doctor only after determining the causes of sleep disturbances, which may be due to disorders of the NS or the patient's psyche. If the clinical effect is absent after 7-14 days of using the drug, the therapeutic regimen should be adjusted, supplemented with other drugs.
The occurrence of any adverse symptoms from the side of the HC is often individual in nature, depending on the dosage. To reduce the likelihood of side effects, patients, in particular the elderly, are advised to take the medicine immediately before bedtime, already in bed. Zolpidem should not be used as the main therapeutic agent if therapy for depression and psychological pathologies is carried out.
As the instructions to “Sanval” indicate, it is necessary to use the medicine to treat patients suffering from depression with extreme caution, since it is able to mask the symptoms of developing depression and increase suicidal tendencies.
If the therapeutic effect of using the drug in the treatment of insomnia is absent, the patient is recommended to undergo a re-examination by a psychiatrist for possible depression. To reduce the risk of anterograde amnesia, the patient must adhere to the dosage and use of the drug, which requires that the sleep last at least 7-8 hours.
The use of “Sanvala” can provoke the patient’s development of paradoxical and mental reactions that are caused by increased suggestibility, aggressiveness, anterograde amnesia, excitability, impulsivity, disinhibition, euphoria, onyrism, confusion, psychotic symptoms, delirium, agitation, nervousness, nightmares, nightmares, nightmares, increased insomnia.
These conditions can be accompanied by aggression, which can be potentially dangerous for the patient himself and the people around him. In this regard, the appearance of these manifestations and violations in the patient’s behavior is a direct reason to refuse to use the medicine.
The use of “Sanvala” can lead to the development of a syndrome of combined disorders of consciousness of behavior and memory. This disorder can manifest itself by walking the patient in a dream, while driving or eating in a drowsy state, as well as in other situations accompanied by amnesia. In this case, zolpidem should be abolished.
Dependence of a mental and physical nature against the background of “Sanval” therapy is most often formed in patients who have a history of alcoholic or other dependence, as well as in case of exceeding dosages and violation of the course duration. The likelihood of addiction is greatly increased if zolpidem and benzodiazepines are combined.
During drug therapy, patients need to carefully manage complex mechanisms and vehicles, especially when the duration of sleep is not as recommended. So it says in the instructions. Analogs of “Sanvala” we will consider below.
The interaction of this medication with other drugs
The simultaneous use of drugs that can inhibit the central nervous system (antitussive drugs with a central type of exposure, sedative antidepressants, narcotic analgesics, hypnotics, antipsychotics, barbiturates), antiepileptic drugs, thalidomide, pizotifen, baclofen, sedative antihistamines, respiratory distress, and respiratory depression can lead to .
With parallel treatment with "Sanval":
- "Flumazenil" is able to neutralize sleeping pills "Sanvala".
- "Rifampicin" causes an acceleration of the metabolism of zolpidem, as a result of which the effectiveness of the latter is reduced.
- "Itraconazole" slightly affects the pharmacodynamics, pharmacokinetics of zolpidem.
- "Ketoconazole", "Ritonavir" - are able to enhance the sedative effect of zolpidem.
- "Beprenorphine" increases the likelihood of respiratory depression with a possible fatal outcome.
- Narcotic analgesics can enhance the feeling of euphoria, which contributes to the formation of psychological dependence.
- "Ciprofloxacin", "Fluvoxamine" - are able to increase the concentration of zolpidem in the blood plasma, and therefore, this combination of substances is prohibited.
- Antidepressants (Desipramine, Venlafaxine, Sertraline, Bupropion, Fluoxetine) can trigger visual hallucinations.
In the instructions for use, analogues of "Sanval" are not indicated.
Drug Substitutes
If necessary, “Sanval” can be replaced by “Relaxon”, “Picklodorm”, “Imovan”, “Spipwell”, “Andante”, “Thorson”, “Zopiclone”, “Somnomol”. All of these funds are analogues of Sanvala. It is worth remembering that analogues have their own contraindications, so the possibility of replacing a medicine should be discussed with a doctor. Also in the instructions for use for tablets "Sanval" there is no information about the cost.
Medication price
The drug has a fairly high cost. So, a package of 20 tablets will cost about 2,400 rubles. It is worth noting that the cost of sleeping pills can vary in different pharmacies, and it also depends on the region where the medicine is distributed.
Reviews
Reviews about “Sanval” are mostly positive. Patients note that the drug effectively eliminates many disorders associated with insomnia. The drug acts quickly, providing quality rest at night.
Some patients report adverse symptoms in the form of fatigue, nervousness, depression, confusion. In addition, the uncontrolled use of the drug is addictive to it. Among the negative aspects, users note the unreasonably high cost of the drug. Now you know about all the features of the instructions for the use of "Sanvala". You can find out if the medicine is right for you only with your doctor.