Somatoform vegetative disorder is a rather complex disease. It is characterized by the fact that there are changes in somatic and mental nature. It should be noted that patients who suffer from this most often experience all the symptoms quite acutely. That is why they are not able to work and lead a familiar lifestyle. Next, we will analyze what symptoms characterize this disease, as well as how to cure it.
Disease review
Somatoform disorder of the nervous system is important to diagnose in time. Most often, this disease is detected in adolescents who are in the military age, as well as in people who are already undergoing complex military service. This disease requires detailed diagnosis, as it has common symptoms.
During the collection of anamnesis, it is necessary to exclude heart problems, including arrhythmia, as well as damage to the central nervous system. This type of dysfunction is an imbalance between several types of the nervous system. This disease is divided into three forms: cardiac, hypotonic and hypertonic. They need to be distinguished by symptoms and causes.
This disease mainly appears due to regular stress, as well as overstrain. To avoid this, you should periodically rest. It is advisable to go on vacation once a year to warm countries with a good climate.
Symptomatology
Somatoform pain disorder is characterized by a number of non-specific manifestations. Most often, in calm situations, they are not observed, but appear during stress. In general, this disease can be called a syndrome, since it has a huge number of symptoms. The above types of diseases are precisely for them and differ. There may also be general symptoms, which are manifested by respiratory failure, physical maladaptation, as well as signs of dyspepsia.
In principle, the symptomatology of the disease captures the entire body. Pain can occur in the limbs, abdomen, head, most often in the chest. The patient will not even be able to immediately understand what causes the symptoms, and whether it is serious.
Diagnosis of the disease
In order to diagnose somatomorphic mental disorder, it is necessary to be based on several factors. Symptoms must be present for more than 2 years. There should also be no various disorders that are associated with the heart. Arrhythmia should not be present. In principle, there may be small cardiac abnormalities, but they should not alter the structure of the heart. Sometimes the described diagnosis can be combined with extrasystole, which goes into several types of syndromes. However, such patients must undergo regular examinations without fail. Otherwise, further violations can be achieved. Unfortunately, this disease, due to its symptoms, is most often not confirmed by a doctor. This is due to the fact that often teenagers complain about any ailments associated with heart disorders. Therefore, about 80% of diagnoses can be challenged.
General symptoms
Symptoms of somatomorphic disorder are quite numerous. These include mood swings and a lack of desire to do work, problems with appetite, weakness, headache, and dysphoria. Sometimes patients may complain that they are dizzy and burning in the pit of stomach. However, this is not due to hunger. Such complaints are an indicator of the asthenic type of somatomorphic autonomic disorder. Such patients, as a rule, are very easily upset, they lack initiative, they are not active. Most often, such people do not do their work, they hardly take up them. It should be noted that against the background of this disease, introversion may develop. However, such children try to compensate for all their failure in school. They can very easily remember, and in stressful situations think extraordinary. The main symptomatology of such a problem is the reluctance to participate in affairs that cause emotional excitement.
Exercise stress
People who suffer from somatomorphic pain disorder are not very fond of doing exercise. In physical education classes, they do not particularly make efforts, especially if it requires some strength. As a rule, outdoor games are quite easy for them, but strength exercises are not. After jogging, such people experience very severe shortness of breath, especially when compared with people of a similar complexion. Such patients get tired much faster, they have poor endurance.
Problems with heart
Somatoform disorder of the autonomic nervous system is manifested by a huge number of symptoms. The most important of these are heart problems. Most often, the main symptoms are severe pain, tachycardia and decreased pressure. An increase in pressure may also occur. In this case, the nature of the pain will not be specific to any particular disease. As a rule, there are stitching and oppressive sensations. They are localized a few centimeters to the left of the sternum, and can also be slightly higher than the heart. Tachycardia, as a rule, is caused either by an emotional impression or physical activity. However, the problem is that it is caused by the disproportionate load that has been transferred. Most often, tachycardia intensifies before exercise, and not as it is completed. It happens that the pain in the heart has a burning character. It can last more than 30 minutes, in which case their doctor considers it ischemic. It should be noted that with such symptoms of somatoform disorder, you must consult a doctor in order to observe and do electrocardiography. The fact is that such a pathology with this manifestation can cause sudden coronary death.
Hypotension and hypertension
With the described syndrome, hypotension almost never develops. However, it happens that with a hypotonic type of disease, a drop in pressure can occur, and on both hands. In order to diagnose this type, it is necessary to undergo echocardiography, as well as electrocardiography. Thanks to them, arrhythmia or heart disease can be excluded. It should also be noted that somatoform disorder of the nervous system can also manifest itself in fainting. However, this syndrome is not specific.
The most persistent complaint is the problem of hypertension. Many patients notice that their blood pressure rises before exercise. Pressure, as a rule, rises to 160 (systolic indicator), while the diastolic remains the same as it should. If we are talking about adolescents and young women, then most often the diastolic can slightly decrease. This is due to the fact that such people have elastic vessels. Due to the fact that the pressure rises irregularly, it is simply impossible to diagnose hypertension.
Respiratory complaints
With the development of neurotic and somatoform disorders, respiratory syndromes also occur. The pattern with which they appear is similar to the above hypotension. However, it should be especially noted that respiratory symptoms may appear after a person has completed all exercises. Due to this, the doctor can already exclude asthma from the list of possible diseases.
The patient may complain that he has shortness of breath before or after exercise, a feeling of tightness in the chest, as well as problems with breathing. Compared to asthma, there is a problem with exhalation. Together with respiratory complaints, it should be noted that there are cardiac ones. If they appear together, then there is already a chance that it is a chronic somatoform pain disorder that develops, and not some other.
Dyspepsia
Often the causes of the described disease are extensive. If we talk about the clinical picture, then we are talking about an imbalance between the parasympathetic and sympathetic systems of nerve cells. In this case, the gastrointestinal tract also suffers. Due to the fact that the vagus nerve affects the stomach, interferes with the work of the intestines and pancreas as a whole, a person may have problems with the speed of digestion, so pain and dyspepsia can occur.
Most often, patients complain of vomiting, without prior nausea. Epigastric pain may occur. They have a crushing or spiky character. Moreover, how often they appear is completely independent of food intake. She is as chaotic and stress-related as possible. Such pain can go to another part of the abdomen. They can appear completely suddenly or when engaged in physical education. The temperature does not increase, diarrhea and vomiting do not increase. It should be noted that these symptoms can occur with irritated intestines. However, these diseases are different. But one must take into account the fact that neurotic diseases associated with stress and somatoform disorders can occur with poor functioning of the large intestine. Doctors often argue that irritable bowel syndrome is a side effect of the described illness. Symptoms include rumbling, bloating, and stool problems.
Gastrointestinal problems
With the development of this dysfunction, a problem occurs in the gastrointestinal tract. Gastric neurosis, digestive problems, and dysphagia may appear. After the stress, a person can feel chest pain, it will be moderate. If the patient has a functional spasm, then he will begin constipation.
Symptoms of gastritis can occur, and they will not be associated with eating. Most often they arise in a state of rest. Hiccups can occur, they are quite loud and can attract public attention. Often the sound is more like a cock cry. Flatulence may be observed. Diarrhea may also occur, which appears against a background of stress. Often, similar symptoms are observed in students who are in session. This is not considered the norm, as it is a violation of the autonomic nervous system. Therefore, many should take sedatives. They will allow you to keep yourself normal and will not allow the symptoms to interfere with the usual life.
Symptoms in children
If the child is a few years old, then with the development of this pathology he will get tired too quickly, he will have problems with emotions, poor performance and adaptation in society. They may have increased intracranial pressure, however, when checking the nervous central system, no organic disorders are present. That is why, most likely, the doctor can deliver hypertension to the patient. Subfebrile condition may also be observed. The child may be depressed, as well as hypochondria. As a rule, such people have marble skin, problems with body weight, low immunity. Children are very sleepy, they do not like to play sports, and it is also very difficult for them to be in stuffy rooms. Even these guys have problems in the form of numerous allergies. This dysfunction in children is manifested by too much excitement, irritability and short temper. They have disturbed sleep. There may be pain in the heart.
Diagnosis of the disease
Doctors noticed that with the development of the described disease, treatment of somatoform mental disorder should be selected individually. It all depends on what symptoms appear, as well as what effects prevail. It is impossible to make a diagnosis if such symptoms appear for less than 2 years. It is also necessary to completely eliminate congenital heart diseases, arrhythmias, and problems of the thyroid gland, stomach, and intestines during diagnostics. Therefore, other mental illnesses that are somatomorphic disorders should also be ruled out. This suggests that before making a diagnosis, the patient will have to undergo some tests. He needs to do a blood test, both general and biochemical, take a urine test, check the body for glucose and hormones, do an echocardiography, and also study the arteries and thyroid gland. After all the results are obtained, the doctor will be able to say that such symptoms are a manifestation of a somatomorphic autonomic disorder of the nervous system, and not some other disease.
Dysfunction treatment
It should be noted that such a pathology can be treated with several methods. Most often, the doctor combines the intake of vitamins, pharmacotherapy, as well as occupational therapy and physiotherapy together. Often prescribed substances that allow you to restore the mineral balance. If pharmacotherapy is carried out, then it is necessary to take nootropic drugs. It is advisable to use antidepressants mixed with cardiotropic substances. Examples are Phenibut. It must be taken 2 months, 3 times a day. The drug, as a rule, is prescribed together with "Thiotriazolinum". Moreover, its course of use lasts 2 months 2 times a day. If there are any problems with the prescription of antidepressants, then you must definitely consult a psychiatrist who will assess the individual characteristics of the patient and be able to prescribe a more correct treatment for somatoform disorder. In no case do you need to self-medicate.
With mineral therapy, it is necessary to replenish the level of all substances. Very often, mitral valve prolapse and some other heart problems are associated with the lack of magnesium in the body. Therefore, if you fill up its level, then you can reduce all manifestations associated with the cardiac sphere. Such treatment for somatoform vegetative disorder will be effective.
If we talk about vitamin therapy, it is necessary to pay attention to the vitamins of group B, as well as C, E and D. They are important in therapy. However, if you take them together, they will be very difficult to absorb in the body, so you need to take vitamins of the first group for 1 month, then the second month for the other group. It is advisable to take B1 and B2 separately from B6 and B5. Given that some vitamins can themselves be synthesized in the body, it is necessary to eat more vegetables and herbs. Heat treatment should not be betrayed.
A feature of the development of somatoform disorder is that a person does not want to monitor his health and neglects all the symptoms. That is why it is necessary to take vitamins and minerals. This symptomatology will decrease. Occupational therapy should also be included in the treatment list. It gives a stable effect.
It should be noted that you can go for spa treatment. However, it will be paid, because in hospitals they do not give directions to people who have this disorder. The patient needs to be explained that even if he just rests, it will also be a treatment, because at this time he will not have any manifestations of the disease.
International classification
This disease has been included in the international classification since 1993. Chronic somatoform disorder is currently widespread worldwide. Moreover, it does not depend on what race and nation a person is. If we talk about ICD-10, then this pathology is reviewed immediately in sections 5 and 6. The first is characterized by mental disorders, as well as behavior. The second is neurotic, which are completely associated only with stress. They have different codes. The fifth heading is encoded with specific characters. If we talk about heading F45, then this includes several pathologies. These disorders are associated with hypochondria, nervous regulation, as well as with many other somatoform disorders that can be attributed to this list. If we talk specifically about autonomic dysfunction, then she received the code F45.3. It requires that doctors in the diagnosis completely exclude damage to any organs.
Summary
At the moment, many scientists argue that this problem should be considered in more detail. The fact is that if you do not treat the described autonomic disorder, then the person will begin to have problems with social adaptation in society. Sometimes it happens that the patient simultaneously experiences these disorders and pathological changes in the heart. Currently, many patients have an additional chord and mitral valve prolapse with minimal regurgitation.With these pathologies, if treatment is not done on time, heart failure and arrhythmia can develop. This suggests that the described dysfunction should be called a syndrome. It requires that the doctor conduct a diagnosis that will allow to find out all the pathologies that were the result of the disorder. Although, if we talk about the pure form, then this disease is a disease of the neurogenic type. Also, during diagnosis, it is important to establish all the causes and symptoms of the disease.
It is advisable to use sedatives or sedatives when developing this disease, which will normalize the emotional background, as well as completely get rid of the symptoms of this disease. It is serious only because it causes discomfort in the body.