A foreign body in the nose is an object that is stuck in an organ cavity. It can be either organic or inorganic in origin. Most often, such problems occur in young children.
Most often, foreign bodies are not too far away, and they can be removed without any problems at home. Unfortunately, sometimes objects can get into the middle nasal concha, then you can’t do without the intervention of a doctor.
Types of foreign bodies
Most often, the parents of young children deal with the problem of a foreign body in the nose. Often, babies push various things into their respiratory canals for themselves or their friends.
Consider their types:
- living - insects;
- inorganic - toys, paper, wood or beads;
- metal - buttons and paper clips, coins or batteries;
- organic - fruit seeds, sunflower seeds, vegetables and so on.
Also foreign bodies in the nose (code according to ICD-10: T17) can be divided into radiopaque and low contrast. The latter are difficult to see in the picture, such include plastic, wood. Occasionally, foreign objects can enter the Joan during vomiting. Often, after various medical interventions, cotton wool and gauze can remain in the nose.
In adults, foreign bodies get stuck in the sinuses, which is much more serious. The cause is injuries or dental procedures.
Symptoms
The severity of the manifestation depends on the size of the foreign body in the nose, its location and age of the patient. The most common symptoms are: baby anxiety, breathing problems, mucus, finger picking in the nose, trouble sleeping, nasal nasal congestion. The baby may experience headache, dizziness, and appetite problems.
If the foreign body is in the nose for too long, then over time skin irritation, inflammation and swelling, bad breath and nose, fatigue, tearfulness, constant pain in the head will appear. Most of the symptoms are localized in one of the nostrils, however, if a foreign object is immediately in both parts of the nose, then congestion and secretion of copious mucus will become bilateral. Sometimes symptoms of sinusitis may appear: fever up to 40 degrees, swelling of half of the face, pain under the eyes, as well as a feeling of fullness of the face. Problems may occur during breathing, chewing, and the sense of smell is often disturbed.
First aid
The health and life of a person often depends on how quickly first aid was provided. At the same time, self-medication can only be done if the child understands what people require of him and can freely follow the instructions of adults. If the child is under 3 years old, it is best to take him to the hospital immediately so as not to waste time.
Before removing a foreign body from the nose, you need to understand how far it is stuck. If it is visible with the naked eye, then you need to introduce special drops into the nose that narrow the vessels. After 5 minutes, you need to ask the baby to blow his nose. At the same time, he should be helped by holding his free nostril. If this procedure was ineffective, then you need to provoke sneezing. If both methods do not help, then you need to take the child to the hospital.
If an insect gets into your nose, then it is best to consult a doctor immediately. This is due to the fact that it can creep on and create serious problems. If the item was able to be pulled out, then it is also necessary to consult a specialist. We will have to do special tests that will help to understand whether the mucous membrane is damaged, and whether there are any debris in the nose. After this, you need to conduct an antibacterial course to prevent inflammation.
What is forbidden to do?
If parents are trying to pull a foreign object out of their nose, you need to understand that this event is as serious as possible. Any improper action can lead to deterioration. That is why it is necessary to follow measures to prevent the development of complications.
You can’t put pressure on the nostril from the affected side, use tweezers or a cotton swab to remove a foreign object, and it is also forbidden to rinse the nose with any liquid. Trying to crush a foreign body in the nose is also not worth it, especially if a person is trying to do this with a sharp and long object. Otherwise, all this may end in very dire consequences. Such “help” can lead to serious injuries that will result in imminent surgical intervention.
Which specialist should I contact?
Only an otolaryngologist is involved in the extraction of a foreign object. If there is no such specialist in place, then you need to urgently look for a therapist or surgeon. You can also go to the 24-hour emergency room.
If such a nuisance occurred at night or if it is not possible to go to the hospital, then you need to call an ambulance, which will send the otolaryngologist to your house. In addition, the operator will advise you in detail and tell you what to do.
Diagnostic Methods
Most often, if the parents do not go to the doctor immediately, but after some time, the diagnosis becomes very difficult. This is due to the fact that the subject is firmly fixed in the nose and the period of remission begins. In order to detect it, you need to conduct a special procedure called rhinoscopy. Moreover, it is necessary both front and rear. If there is an endoscope, then you can conduct an endoscopy or begin to probe the nasal passages with a metal probe.
It is most difficult to diagnose this problem in those children who cannot or are afraid to talk about how they feel, or if they simply do not feel the presence of a foreign body in their nose. In such cases, an x-ray is prescribed in 3 projections.
If the object is not visible well, then contrasting is used along with computed tomography. Thanks to this method, you can identify any object, as well as understand and distinguish it from sinusitis or diphtheria.
Doctor's help
It should be understood that most often a foreign body is removed on an outpatient basis. Before performing this procedure, do local anesthesia. Next, vasoconstrictive drops are administered. Then they wait 15 minutes for the drops to work. Then explore the nasal passages and pull out objects using a hook or tongs.
If the child is very small, then he is given general anesthesia, since it is impossible to make him sit still. Also, full anesthesia is sometimes prescribed for those children who do not respond to local pain medication. After the item is removed, the doctor prescribes a special therapy that will help relieve inflammation and remove symptoms. The treatment regimen will depend entirely on how long the foreign body has been in the nose of the child. Most often prescribed antibiotics in the form of "Suprax", "Ampicillin" and others. In order to restore the mucous membrane and relieve swelling, prescribe Dolphin or Morenazal. Also, calcium-containing preparations are often used.
Resection
One of the best methods for repairing nasal defects after ingestion of a foreign body is nasal resection. It is carried out if the person has a curvature of the septum.
Sometimes, under the influence of a foreign body, a distortion of the cartilaginous plate appears, which makes breathing difficult. Most often, this procedure is carried out for young patients. This is due to the fact that with age, a person's cardiovascular activity is disturbed, therefore there is a big risk when carrying out such an operation.
Resection is done without any incisions on the face. In this case, the shape of the outer part of the nose remains the same, that is, no external cosmetic defects remain. If the deformation is quite strong, then the damaged fragment of the cartilage is removed, and a bone plate is inserted instead. The operation can be done under general anesthesia, although most often only local anesthesia is used. Before doing this procedure, premedication is performed, that is, a drug is administered that will enhance the effect of a local anesthetic. The duration of such an operation completely depends on how the plate is deformed.
Prevention methods
In order to protect children, it is necessary to constantly monitor their activities. However, there are times when it is impossible to carry out round-the-clock surveillance, especially if the child is not the only one. Therefore, there are preventive measures that will help reduce the likelihood of a similar problem.
You can not leave children unattended when they are in a room with small objects. You also need to remember that toys such as the designer are for children from 3 years old. That is why children younger than them can not be purchased. The same applies to collapsible dolls and cars.
Also, before giving the child fruits, you need to remove the seeds from them. It is necessary to remove all small items from shelves and surfaces where children can get them. Unless of course you want the child to stuff a bead or paper clip into his nose.
If we are talking about children of preschool and primary school age, then it is necessary to conduct conversations that will allow them to be protected on the street and at home, while it is necessary to explain what the consequences may be if they are not obeyed.
In adults, preventive measures are reduced to ensure that you constantly look after your teeth and avoid facial injuries.
Complications
It should be understood what complications await the child and adult with a long stay of a foreign object in the nose. If this is an insect, then even if it does not climb further down the aisle, sooner or later, it will die and begin to decompose. Because of this, not only an unpleasant odor will be released, but also an inflammatory process will occur.
If fragile objects are in the nose, then they can collapse and further move along the respiratory tract. As a result, they will fall into the sinuses and throat.
Another serious complication of such an ailment as a foreign body in the nose (ICD code 10: T17) is sinusitis. Meningitis, tonsillitis, osteomyelitis and some other serious diseases can join it. That is why the sooner a foreign object is detected in a child or an adult and appropriate measures are taken, the less likely it is that inflammation begins. If the object could not be deleted independently, you should call the otolaryngologist at home.
Forecast
If the treatment is carried out correctly and the object is quickly removed from the nose, the prognosis will be as positive as possible. If the object had any pointed parts, then most likely the nasal membrane can be injured, and this will lead to various complications. If treatment is not carried out, then the risk of any consequences increases many times.
Conclusion
In short, it should be said that such an ailment as getting a foreign body into the nasal cavity is a fairly common problem. As a rule, it concerns children. It must be remembered that the designer is intended for children from 3 years old, no younger! Most often, problems arise in babies precisely because they buy too small toys that they stuff into their nose. Therefore, parents need to carefully monitor their children and buy toys for them by age. Then no such problems will arise.
In order to perform the procedure for removing a foreign body from the nose with a hook, you must definitely contact the clinic. This tool is often used for such problems. It is medical and has a special shape. It is quite easy for them to get small and large objects. If objects can injure the mucous membrane, then special forceps are used.
A ball in the nose of a child is also a common problem. Most often, she appears when playing with a toy gun or mother's beads. That is why preventive measures come down to only one. Care must be taken to monitor children.