Proper nutrition for kidney disease is considered an integral part of therapy. It is prescribed exclusively by the attending physician, depending on the diagnosis and examination results. Not everyone knows which kidney diet is needed.
Do I need a diet?
As you know, the kidneys are a paired organ that is located on both sides of the spine and performs the function of generating urine. The abdominal wall covers only their front part.
The kidneys have an asymmetric arrangement, the left is usually slightly higher than the right. It is also smaller in size and weight. In shape they resemble beans, the outer layer of which is formed by a fibrous capsule. The latter, in turn, is coated with a fat layer.
Like any organ, the kidneys can fail. Their functionality is lost with age. Diabetes, hypertension and smoking can contribute to age-related changes and exacerbate the situation. Heredity also plays an equally important role in organ health.
By making changes to the diet and adhering to the right diet, you can significantly improve the condition of the kidneys. And if not even completely cured, then at least increase the chances of recovery in combination with medication.
Power Features
In the initial stages of kidney disease, fluid intake does not require increased attention. If the pathology progresses or the doctor insisted on dialysis, control will be needed. The accumulation of fluid in the body can lead to difficulty breathing, even to the extent that without emergency medical care it just can not do.
To thirst left the patient alone, you need to use less salt. When blood pressure is elevated, a decrease in such a component in the diet will also benefit.
Instead, you can add spices to the dishes, which also improve the taste of the cooked food. Under the ban and salt substitutes. They usually contain potassium, which the body needs when dieting, but also in limited quantities.
What to consider
A urologist will help develop the right diet for kidneys in women and men. When choosing a diet, it is taken into account:
- minimal burden on the kidneys;
- the body needs food that normalizes blood pressure, positively affecting the water balance;
- anti-inflammatory effect accelerating full recovery;
- improving the function of removing fluid from tissues (urinary tract cleansing);
- introduction to the diet of products that improve the immune system.
Properly selected therapeutic diet will help to avoid the transition of the disease into a chronic form.
With kidney pathologies, it is important to increase the amount of carbohydrate intake, while proteins, on the contrary, should be reduced. An acceptable amount of salt consumed is reduced to 5 g per day. In order to avoid the onset of renal failure, it should still be present in the diet.
Principles
A diet for kidney disease is essential. So the body will be much easier to cope with the disease.
Its main principles:
- consume foods with a reduced amount of protein;
- Do not drink plenty of fluids.
That's not all. It is desirable to keep the weight at the same level, so you need to look at whether enough calories the body receives. Losing weight in this case will only hurt.
Also, a lack of calories can cause tissue breakdown and even disrupt the functioning of the body. After finding out the correct optimal weight from the doctor, you need to strive to ensure that he does not change - for this it is recommended to weigh every morning. A restriction in carbohydrate intake will be needed only for those who have excess weight.
Where to get energy
If the doctor recommends limiting oneself to proteins, then many do not understand where the body will take energy from. But it's simple: you can get calories from bread, fruits, vegetables and cereals. In addition to energy, they have many vitamins, fiber and minerals.
High-calorie desserts are permissible only in urgent need. But you can’t eat everything in a row, the menu should not contain nuts, cocoa, chocolate and bananas, as well as milk. It will be more useful to replace cakes and pastries with honey and berry jelly.
Fats can also compensate for the missing calories. During the diet, you can include dishes containing sunflower, rapeseed and olive oil, which will provide good protection for the arteries.
Before including such additives in the diet, you will need to consult a doctor, since the same cholesterol can provoke heart disease.
Fasting days
It is understood that within 24 hours you can eat only one product, for example, there are watermelons all day and nothing but them.
In case of kidney diseases, “unloading” on apples, oatmeal, juices and, in particular, cucumbers is more relevant. These products cleanse the body well by increasing the production of urine, which in turn reduces pressure.
Fasting days such as:
- cottage cheese;
- dairy;
- sugar;
- meat;
- salad;
- rice;
- compote.
During fasting days, it is recommended that up to 1.5 kg of fruits, berries or vegetables (not all at once, but only one), processed in any possible way or in raw form.
Such days should be arranged no more than 2 times a week. Their appearance depends on what substance the person wants to make up in the body.
Each disease has its own diet.
In most cases, people pay insufficient attention to their health. Someone drinks only coffee, another, hungry, runs to the nearest cafe to have a burger or french fries, instead of eating a plate of soup cooked at home. A third daily drinks coffee and smokes a pack of cigarettes. That is why the kidneys are transplanted more often than any other organ.
Pathologies are diverse, each of them implies an individual diet aimed at improving certain functions of the body.
Diet number 6
Indications: urolithiasis with the formation of stones from uric acid, gout. The task is to normalize the formation of uric acid in the body, improve metabolism.
This diet restricts foods containing oxalic acid, purines, and sodium chloride. It aims to increase alkalizing foods such as vegetables, fruits and milk. Fats and proteins are moderately limited.
What can be:
- vegetarian soups containing various vegetables and cereals, but the broth should not be meat, fish or mushroom;
- wheat or rye bread, also allowed with bran;
- about three times a week, meat, fish and poultry are allowed;
- dairy products and milk, dishes based on them;
- It is recommended to eat 1 egg per day, any heat treatment;
- any cereals, except for legumes;
- salads made exclusively from pickled and fresh vegetables;
- the number of berries and fruits should be maximum;
- dried fruits;
- jelly and creams from milk, berries, fruits.
Coffee and cocoa are prohibited. Tomato, milk, vegetable sauces, as well as cooked on the basis of mushrooms, meat and fish should not be eaten. Smoked meat products, liver and sausages are not allowed.
Interesting! One Indian surgeon performed a four-hour surgery to remove kidney stones. For all the time, he removed 170 thousand stones from the patient’s organ, thereby returning his life. The name of the surgeon was Ashish Patil. This disease occurs most often among all known renal abnormalities. Other types of stones can also form in the organ - caralloid clusters that grow and fill the entire pelvis.
Diet number 7
Indications: it is prescribed for glomerulonephritis, it is also recommended as a diet for kidney pyelonephritis in women. The task is to relax the kidneys, lowering blood pressure, getting rid of puffiness.
This is a diet that partially limits the intake of proteins, carbohydrates and fats. Salt is not given to the patient at all. The amount of fluid is reduced to 0.8 liters per day.
Products that in the diet for kidney diseases on a diet in the 7 menu allow:
- yesterday’s bread;
- vegetarian soups without adding salt, to them dressing from butter;
- during the first two weeks, poultry and meat are limited;
- fish (exclusively boiled or baked);
- soft-boiled eggs;
- cottage cheese and milk in the form of casseroles and other dishes;
- fruits and vegetables, only thermally processed.
Cheeses, canned food, smoked meats, pickled cucumbers, brown bread and all products containing salt are prohibited.
Interesting! Sunbathing men are less likely than others to get jade. In women, the relationship is not traced.
By the way, but heart and kidney diseases are interconnected. If you neglect the treatment of the latter, the disease will go into an advanced stage, and with pathologies of the excretory system, the risk of a heart attack increases.
Lowest Protein Diet (7B)
Indications - chronic kidney disease.
Salt is not applicable. Coffee, spicy and alcohol are excluded.
The diet menu No. 7 for kidney diseases includes the allowed products:
- maize starch bread;
- vegetable soups;
- lean meat and poultry, boiled fish;
- baked vegetables;
- eggs in the form of a protein omelet are recommended;
- restricted dairy and dairy products;
- sweet gravy, tomato and white sauces.
Heavy sauces of mushrooms, fish and meat, as well as pork dishes are strictly prohibited.
Diet number 7V
Prescribed for chronic kidney diseases, for nephritis in pregnant women, kidney tuberculosis, etc.
The diet is aimed at the complete or partial elimination of edema, the restoration of lost proteins.
This is a balanced diet for the kidneys, its conditions are less stringent in comparison with the previous options. It contains a large amount of proteins that are important for the body. In this diet, emphasis is still placed on the limited intake of fluids and taboo on table salt.
Eating is recommended in small portions 5 to 6 times a day.
Allowed Products:
- any lean boiled meat;
- bran bread and wheat;
- eggs (boiled);
- snacks like salads, only with sunflower oil;
- there is no restriction on berries and fruits in raw form;
- dairy products and milk;
- thermally processed vegetables (not fried);
- dairy, fruit and tomato sauces;
- tea, compotes and decoctions.
People with kidney disease need to carefully monitor their weight, maintaining it at the same level. In addition, the diet will help get rid of swelling in the legs and face.
Sample menu for the week
With a diet for kidney diseases, the menu can be composed as follows:
1st day:
- Breakfast: rice in milk, cottage cheese with raisins, tea.
- Second breakfast: mashed potatoes with steam fish.
- Lunch: vegetable soup with chicken or low-fat veal, compote.
- Dinner: casserole of rice and cottage cheese, compote of rose hips.
- At night: fat-free kefir (approximately 200 g).
2nd day:
- Breakfast: semolina, green tea.
- Second breakfast: cottage cheese with sugar, kefir.
- Lunch: soup of potatoes, veal or chicken, jelly.
- Dinner: meat casserole, tea with a spoon of honey.
- At night: 100 g of dried fruit.
3rd day:
- Breakfast: buckwheat milk, vegetarian cutlets (carrots), tea.
- Second breakfast: cottage cheese pudding, rosehip broth.
- Lunch: borsch, lean meats, fruit compote.
- Dinner: steam fish cakes, pasta, milk.
- At night: yogurt.
4th day:
- Breakfast: boiled or steamed fish, vinaigrette, juice.
- Second breakfast: cottage cheese casserole.
- Lunch: vegetarian vermicelli soup, a slice of chicken, cherry compote.
- Dinner: sweet cottage cheese, meat casserole, tea with milk.
- At night: kefir.
5th day:
- Breakfast: cottage cheese with a spoon of sour cream, rice with vegetables, compote.
- Second breakfast: milk oatmeal with fruits, tea with honey.
- Lunch: vegetable soup, buckwheat with meat, jelly.
- Dinner: steamed fish, pancakes with apples, compote.
- At night: homemade curdled milk.
6th day:
- Breakfast: milk buckwheat, tea.
- Second breakfast: cottage cheese casserole.
- Lunch: milk soup with noodles, veal and rice, rosehip compote.
- Dinner: oatmeal with fruit.
- At night: kefir with sugar.
Day 7:
- Breakfast: vinaigrette, candied cottage cheese, tea with honey.
- Second breakfast: mashed potatoes with veal.
- Lunch: lean borscht, lean meat with buckwheat, compote.
- Dinner: rice-cottage cheese casserole, juice.
- At night: kefir.
The menu can be changed depending on the severity and type of disease.
Prohibited
In addition to food that is beneficial, there are also a number of products that, on the contrary, can aggravate a state of health.
Invalid:
- Cheeses
- canned food;
- smoked food;
- beans, beans;
- chocolate, coffee, cocoa;
- products containing oxalic acid;
- black bread.
Conclusion
Eating the right foods during illness does not mean that drug treatment may be canceled. Compliance with the diet is necessary only to improve and accelerate the result.
No need to sit still and create the soil for the comfortable development of diseases. It is recommended to do exercises and simple physical exercises.
At the first symptoms, it is recommended to consult a doctor in a timely manner, not hoping that if you exclude junk food, the disease will pass. Only complex therapy will give a result.