Inflammatory kidney disease is quite common. They must be treated under the guidance of a doctor, since the choice of drugs depends on the cause of the disease. If the inflammation is caused by a bacterial infection, antibiotics must be used. In kidney diseases , not all types of antibacterial drugs are indicated. Many of them are toxic to diseased organs, as they are excreted through them. In order not to cause complications, you can not use antibiotics yourself without a doctor's prescription.
Inflammatory Kidney Disease
The urinary system performs very important functions in the body. It is through it that slags and toxins are eliminated, and the metabolism is also regulated. The kidneys are constantly exposed to stress. Violation of their work and inflammatory diseases affect the state of the whole organism.
Inflammation of the kidneys is called jade. Pyelonephritis, nephrosis, and renal tuberculosis belong to this group of pathologies. These diseases are manifested by severe pain in the lower back and lower abdomen, impaired urination, weakness, high temperature. In addition, glomerulonephritis is also found. This disease is associated with autoimmune disorders, but also accompanied by a serious inflammatory process.
If the bladder is affected by inflammation, cystitis develops. Symptoms of this disease are also unpleasant: severe pain and pain during urination, impaired urine outflow. The cause of all these inflammatory diseases is most often an infection. It passes through the urethra with poor hygiene or through the blood. That is why antibiotics for such diseases are the main treatment method.
Antibiotic treatment rules
Antibacterial drugs can have a bactericidal or bacteriostatic effect. Bactericidal antibiotics cause the death of microorganisms sensitive to their effects. When using bacteriostatic drugs, the growth and reproduction of bacteria stops. Usually, antibiotics act selectively on certain types of microorganisms, so you need to use them after analysis. But there are also drugs with a wide spectrum of action, they are used less often, since they are more toxic to the kidneys.
Such medications are taken in the form of tablets, suspensions or injections. For infections of mild to moderate severity, you can drink pills. Suspensions are indicated for children and debilitated patients, as they are easier to dose. In the most severe cases, antibacterial drugs are best injected. So they penetrate the blood faster and spread throughout the body.
Side effects of antibiotics
These drugs kill bacteria. This favorably affects the patient's condition. But the features of their chemical composition lead to the fact that they often cause side effects. First of all, it is dysbiosis. Antibiotics act not only on pathogenic microorganisms. They can destroy the beneficial bacteria that live in the intestines. Such a violation of microflora leads to the appearance of abdominal pain, severity, flatulence, and intestinal upset.
The second most common complication after taking antibiotics is damage to the gastric mucosa. This is manifested by nausea, slow digestion, heartburn. Women with such treatment often develop thrush. In addition, allergic reactions are common side effects. This may be a rash, urticaria, skin itching, lacrimation, runny nose. A particularly severe allergic reaction occurs with the injection of drugs.
The wrong choice of antibiotics, exceeding or decreasing the recommended dosage, early cessation of treatment or their frequent unauthorized use before this can lead to the development of resistance in bacteria. As a result, chronic inflammation can develop, which is very difficult to cure.
How to use antibiotics for kidney pathologies
The main goal of such treatment should be the destruction of the infection. Therefore, when choosing a dosage, it is necessary to ensure that the concentration necessary for the death of bacteria is achieved in the tissues of the kidneys. Sometimes at the beginning of the treatment of kidney diseases, antibiotics are prescribed in a loading dose, then it decreases. In any case, the dosage is selected strictly individually.
Typically, the duration of treatment is 7-10 days. But this is if the bacteria are sensitive to this drug. Therefore, antibiotics of a wide spectrum of action are first prescribed for diseases of the kidneys and urinary tract. And they take urine tests to determine the causative agent of the infection. If after a couple of days there is no improvement, the drug is canceled and a specific one that acts on these bacteria is prescribed. Sometimes the use of several drugs simultaneously is also required.
Drinking antibiotics is necessary only as directed by a doctor. If negative reactions occur, you must immediately inform him of this in order to change the drug on time. It is also important to take probiotics in addition to restore the disturbed intestinal microflora.
Names of antibiotics for kidney disease
The list of antibacterial drugs is quite large. In accordance with the chemical composition of these drugs, several groups are distinguished. In addition, there are several generations of antibiotics. They may be effective and toxic. New generation drugs will not always be more effective; for some pathologies, already tested, time-tested drugs are more often used.
Antibiotics for diseases of the kidneys and urinary tract should be prescribed by a doctor. After all, not all of them are effective against pathogens of such diseases, in addition, many of them can damage the kidneys. Usually, funds from several groups are used, and not all drugs are shown from them. Most commonly used:
- cephalosporins;
- aminoglycosides;
- penicillins;
- fluoroquinolones;
- carbamazepines.
It is impossible to decide on your own which antibiotic is better for kidney diseases. Only a doctor can determine this on the basis of tests and the patient's condition.
Cephalosporins
Judging by the reviews of doctors and patients, these are the most effective antibiotics for kidney diseases. The names of such drugs are unfamiliar to many people, since with other pathologies they are prescribed less often. But against bacteria that cause inflammation of the kidneys and urinary tract, they are most effective. On the second day of treatment, most patients feel relief. Cephalosporins are low toxic, most patients are well tolerated, but they cannot be used in chronic renal failure. These are effective antibiotics for kidney diseases, the patient feels relief after a couple of days of treatment.
The most commonly used drugs are: Cephalexin, Ceforal, Ciprolet, Klaforan, Tamitsin, Cefoperazone. Judging by the reviews, they are effective against a large number of microorganisms, prevent the development of purulent complications and quickly relieve inflammation.
Aminopenicillins
These are the most famous and low toxic antibiotics. In diseases of the kidneys in women, they are used during pregnancy and breastfeeding. But they are not very effective in the presence of complications, so their use is advisable only in mild cases of the disease. They are especially effective against enterococci and Escherichia coli.
There are several broad-spectrum antibacterial drugs from the group of aminopenicillins that are most often used for inflammation of the kidneys.
- Amoxicillin;
- "Penicillin";
- Ampicillin.
Aminoglycosides
These antibiotics for diseases of the kidneys and bladder are used in case of renal failure or other chronic pathologies. They are less toxic than other drugs, they can be used even during pregnancy, but their effectiveness is less. Judging by the reviews of doctors, aminoglycosides are most active against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, therefore, they prevent suppurative complications well. Improper use of such drugs can lead to damage to the kidneys and hearing organs.
Aminoglycosides are most often used in a medical facility in the form of injections. The most common drugs are Amikacin, Gentamicin, Netilmicin. Sometimes in difficult cases they are combined with antibiotics from the penicillin group.
Carbapenems or beta-lactam drugs
These antibiotics for kidney diseases are rarely prescribed, only in case of a severe course of the disease and the presence of a large number of complications. Indeed, a contraindication to their use is renal failure, so they try to prescribe them when other drugs have been ineffective, as well as in chronic inflammation with many complications. This group includes little-known drugs: Meropenem, Carbonem, Imipinem. Judging by the reviews, they are effective in cases where bacteria develop resistance to penicillins or cephalosporins.
Fluoroquinolones
These drugs are also toxic, have a large number of contraindications and side effects. They are also used only in the most serious cases, when there is a threat to the patient's life due to complications. Fluoroquinolones are bactericidal drugs that kill an infection in the urinary system.
In the chronic form of kidney pathologies, when a serious exacerbation occurs, Levofloxacin or Sparfloxacin begins.
If the inflammation is severe, there are complications and the risk of death is high, stronger drugs are prescribed: Ciprofloxacin, Cifran, Moxifloxacin, Ofloxacin. These funds are also given in cases where other antibiotics have not worked.
Other means
If the patient does not self-medicate, and consults a doctor on time, most often it is possible to quickly stop the infection and inflammation. Experts know better what antibiotics to take for kidney diseases.
In some cases, the use of other groups of drugs is justified. For example, nitrofurans are sometimes used. These agents have long been known and have often been used for cystitis or pyelonephritis before. This is “Furadonin”, “Furazolidone”, “Furamag”.
Sometimes, in the presence of intolerance to penicillins and cephalosporins in a mild or moderate condition, drugs from the macrolide group are prescribed. These are Vilprafen, Sumamed, Erythromycin, Clarithromycin, Azithromycin and others. Judging by the reviews, they are most often used for glomerulonephritis, since they have a mainly bacteriostatic effect.
Drug Rating
Antibiotics can only be used as directed by a doctor. They are selected individually, but there are several that are used most often. In accordance with the frequency of their use, you can make a rating of the most effective antibiotics:
- "Digital";
- Furadonin;
- "Doxycycline";
- "Nolicin";
- Amoxicillin.
They combine high efficiency, good portability and low price. These are drugs with a wide spectrum of action, so they help in most cases.