Keratitis: home treatment

Keratitis is an eye disease in which inflammation of the cornea is formed. At this point, visual acuity due to blurred vision decreases. This disease can develop on two or one side. If an early treatment of keratitis is carried out, then most often the disease is cured.

Definition

Keratitis is an inflammation of the cornea of ​​the eye in which lacrimation, blepharospasm and photophobia are present. This ailment most often has an infectious or traumatic nature, the causative agent of which are staphylococci, streptococci, tuberculosis, influenza, and herpes. This is a rather complicated eye disease in which it is difficult to predict the outcome. Quite often, it results in visual impairment due to the formation of clouding of the cornea.

Types

It is customary to distinguish two variants of this disease:

1. Surface. It is characterized by damage to the upper layer of the cornea. Very often occurs due to conjunctivitis, inflammation of the eyelids and the formation of problems in the lacrimal sac. The treatment of keratitis of this type is not very complicated, since in the process of a superficial disease the corneal epithelium is affected, which is often capable of self-regeneration, as a result, there are no scars left. For this type of ailment, it is enough to dig in the eyes with Sulfacil.
2. Deep. With this type, the inner layer of the cornea is affected, stroma with such keratitis very often create scars and clouding. It should be noted that when such seals form on the visual axis, very often problems with vision occur. In order to prevent this outcome, in the treatment of keratitis in adults, anti-inflammatory drugs are used, presented in the form of ointments and drops, such as Dexamethasone and Diclofenac.

Types and causes of occurrences

Based on the characteristics of the course of keratitis, the following main varieties can be called. Fungal, bacterial, viral, herpetic, neuroparalytic, filamentous, onchocercous, photokeratitis and others are distinguished. The main reasons include diseases of various viruses:

1. At the time of the defeat of the adenovirus, adenoviral keratoconjunctivitis forms.
2. The herpetic species begins to activate with a decrease in immunity at the time of the presence of the herpes virus.
3. Bacterial can form due to damage to the cornea by various bacteria. Often occurs due to infection in the cracks after injury, as well as in case of poor hygiene at the time of use of contact lenses.
4. Fungal forms begin when infected with parasitic fungi, they provoke severe redness of the eyes. Often develop with reduced immunity and also antibiotic therapy.
5. Onchocercic keratitis begins at the time of an allergic reaction, accompanied by swelling of the conjunctiva and reddening of the membrane.
6. After an injury to the surface of the eye, a creeping ulcer may appear.
7. Photokeratitis begins to form at the time of a burn of the cornea and conjunctiva. This ailment is formed due to prolonged exposure to the bright sun, as well as due to violation of safety rules during welding.

Symptoms of Keratitis

The treatment and prevention of this disease is very important, since various complications are possible depending on the symptoms:

1. Quite often, the primary signs are pain and fear of light.
2. Sometimes factors include the sensation of a foreign substance in the eye with its further redness.
3. Sometimes a sudden closure of the eyelids may begin - blepharospasm due to impaired functioning of the ternary nerve.
4. With any manifestations of the disease, the cornea becomes cloudy. When the inflammatory process forms on the surface, such a phenomenon can pass. With deep configurations, visual acuity decreases and an eyesore forms. This manifestation may have different parameters, shades of white, pink, yellow or gray.

Diagnostics

The doctor makes an accurate diagnosis only upon examination of the patient. Often patients need to wear sunglasses. Initially, a complete medical history is required, the doctor interviews the patient about early injuries and related ailments. Then, an external examination of the eyeballs and the main zone will be carried out, as well as an assessment of the reflex and fundus.

When there is a suspicion of an endogenous nature, the patient is screened for pathologies such as syphilis and tuberculosis. In order to determine the causative agent of the disease, it is required to undergo a culitral analysis, as well as microscopy of scrapings. Another of the doctor’s tasks is to check the structure of the anterior ocular chamber, the relief and volume of the lesion using a biopsy.

Treatment of different types of keratitis

Therapy is carried out only in stationary conditions, especially with purulent and acute stages. After the etiology has been identified, the treatment of basic ailments is initially carried out. To reduce pain and inflammation, Atropine Drops are used 4-6 times a day to treat keratitis. And at night 1% atropine ointment is applied. If this component is not perceived by a person, then a 0.25% solution of Scopolamine hydrobromide is used instead.

In the treatment of keratitis, in which there are corneal ulcers, Monomitsin, Kanamycin or Neomycin is used, which is required to be administered under the conjunctiva at a dosage of 10,000-25,000 units. And also in the same doses, Lincomycin can be administered.

If the effectiveness of treatment is low, then the mandatory introduction of antibiotics is prescribed: Oletetrina, Erythromycin, or Tetracycline.

In order to expand the pupil, a cotton swab with a 0.1% solution of adrenaline hydrochloride is placed under the lower eyelid.

The treatment of keratitis in people is not the same, depending on its form, so you need to know the features:

1. In case of ailments accompanied by non-closure of the palpebral fissure, daily installations should be carried out with almond oil, chloramphenicol and tetracycline ointment.
2. If the patient is sick with meibomian keratitis, the systematic treatment of chronic meibolitis plays a decisive role. To do this, the eyelids are massaged with the secretion of glands removed, and the edges are processed with green.
3. In the treatment of viral keratitis, in addition to the use of antiviral agents, the laying of a tetracycline ointment is also recommended.
4. To reduce pain with neuropalitic keratitis, 1% Quinine hydrochloride is injected with Morphine solution. It is also recommended that you use 0.25 grams of Amidopyrine and Analginum inside, as well as a bandage.
5. Symptomatic treatment is required for filamentous keratitis. To do this, put fish oil or liquid paraffin and special drops. It is necessary to irrigate the eyelids several times a day with a 5% solution of sodium chloride and drink a complex of vitamins (A, B1, B2, B6, B12, PP and C).

For certain indications, surgical treatment is prescribed (optical iridectomy and keratoplasty). If therapy is correctly and timely selected, then all superficial infiltrates resolve on their own.

Compresses

Alternative treatment of keratitis is quite common, one of the types of useful compresses from herbs can be attributed. They are used to treat various ophthalmic diseases:

• Ice cubes made of calendula. In 250 ml of water add 3-4 tbsp. l calendula and boil over low heat for 10 minutes, strain and pour into an ice mold. After preparation, the area around the eyes and eyelids is massaged in a cube.
• Compress of flax, eyebright and chamomile. All components are mixed in equal proportions. The mixture is boiled in 200 ml of water and cools. Cotton pads are wetted with this fluid and applied to the eyes for 20 minutes.
• For the treatment of keratitis, a photo of which can be seen later, a compress of chamomile and honey is used. A small number of flowers are boiled over medium heat, decanted and cooled. Next, you need to add a little honey to the broth. A cotton pad is sent to the warm broth, which is then applied to the eyes for 15 minutes.

• To prepare a compress from dill, its seeds are crushed and boiled in 100 ml of water. After cooling, the discs are wetted in the broth and applied to the eyes for 10 minutes.
• To prepare lotions from yolk, milk and potatoes, the last ingredient is boiled in a peel and knead with a fork. Next, the yolk and hot milk are sent there, everything is mixed until a mushy state. The cooked mass is placed on a small piece of tissue and applied to closed eyes. Perform 3 times a day for 15-20 minutes.

Baths

For the treatment of keratitis, this procedure is very often used:

1. It is necessary to mix the dill seeds, plantain, eyelet and pour boiling water over it, wait 5 minutes, and then strain. Eyelids are watered with this liquid 4–5 times a day.
2. To prepare a bath based on raspberry leaves, a small amount is required to pour 250 ml of boiling water and leave to infuse for 15 minutes, and then strain. The eyes are washed with a chilled drink 2 times a day.
3. To treat the symptoms of keratitis in humans and animals, a dill-based steam bath is often used. The crushed seeds are boiled in 1 liter of water, and then you need to bend over the pan and cover your head with a towel, remaining in this position for 10-15 minutes. Since this procedure is not very convenient for animals, it is enough for them to rinse with this solution of the eye (the more often, the better).
4. Steam bath from a collection of herbs. To do this, you need to mix equal shares of the drug eye, chamomile flowers, valerian root and elderberry. This mixture does not boil for long on a small fire in white wine, and then for 15 minutes you need to soar your eyes under the covers.

Herbs

With any ophthalmic ailments (and in particular keratitis), herbs can cure these ailments:

1. A decoction from the medicinal eye is the most effective tool in the treatment of eye diseases. A small amount of grass needs to be sent in 1 liter of water, boiled a little and allowed to cool. Many decorate this broth perfectly as a compress and for washing. It works best when taken internally. And also there you can add a small number of chamomile flowers.
2. In the treatment of herpetic keratitis , a collection is often used, based on which chamomile, eyebright and dill are collected. For this, all components must be taken in the amount of 2 tbsp. l., pour 250 ml of water and boil a little, about 10 minutes. Then the liquid is covered with a lid and cooled to body temperature. Then there goes half a teaspoon of Arnica tincture. With this decoction, it is recommended to perform rinsing and compresses, and also take this tea inside with the procedures.
3. The use of horsetail infusion is recommended to strengthen the body. Some recipes suggest the use of a sedentary bath from a strong decoction of horsetail. For cooking, you need 3 tbsp. l send the masses to 3 liters of water and boil, and then conduct steam baths for 15 minutes. To all this, it is recommended to apply tea from equal parts of echinacea, euphrasia, horsetail and colored calendula.
4. A decoction based on acupuncture, wormwood and aloe. All leaves are mixed in equal parts of 2 tbsp. l., and after such a mixture is brought to a boil in 0.5 l of water. This broth must be left under the lid to insist. With this tea, you can both rinse your eyes and use it inside, only in small quantities.
5. To prepare a combined broth, you need to add bilberry leaves, walnut flowers and chamomile to the medical specimen. Then everything is ground, and the mass is used as the preparation of ordinary tea, which is required to be consumed 2-3 times a day. From this mixture, you can also prepare a decoction for compresses and rinsing, while all the amount of grass used is twice as much.
6. Infusion of calamus, heather, celandine and chamomile. For cooking, you need to take each component in the amount of 1 tsp. All is poured 1 liter of water and boiled. Brewed tea is drunk for a short time, a maximum of 4 days.

Keratitis in dogs

This disease manifests itself in the form of inflammation of the ocular cornea, is associated with a violation of specularity, brilliance and transparency. Among dogs, this ailment is very widespread. In an animal, it causes discomfort and lowers the quality of life of the pet, as well as dangerous complications.

Depending on the symptoms, treatment and recovery is prescribed exclusively by veterinarians. And also, the recommendation depends on the depth of the corneal lesion and often includes several components:

• wide spectrum sulfonamides and antibacterial agents;
• antiviral components (interferon, as well as its stimulants, various types of acyclovir), when the herpetic form is present;
• anti-allergy drugs - for general and local action;
• diet therapy;
• vitamin and mineral complex.

To treat keratitis in a dog , various eye drops, ointments, as well as injections under the postorbital space or conjunctiva, are used. Inside, tablets and intramuscular (or subcutaneous) administration of drugs are used.

Keratitis in cats

This ailment appears due to inflammation of the cornea of ​​the eye. Often such a problem is not considered a congenital pathology, but is acquired.

In the superficial course of the disease, a solution of chloramphenicol in drops is prescribed, which must be combined with injections of Hydrocortisone, Novocaine and Prednisolone. The time interval between injections is 5 days. An antibiotic ointment is used several times a day.

For the treatment of keratitis in cats of a vascular nature, Lidase injections and tissue therapy are necessary. And also the course “Peloid Distillate” is prescribed for 25 days.

The manifestation of purulent keratitis with ulcers on the cornea is considered the most difficult case when broad-spectrum antibiotics are needed that are injected intramuscularly into the body. In the form of ointments, erythromycin, dibiomycin, and kanamycin are used.

Rarely enough, but injections are made directly into the fiber. For this, the animal must first be put into a sleepy state. With surgical intervention, the affected areas are removed and sutures are applied.