This century is characterized by a change not only in the views on painting and culture. As you know, the political and economic situation in the world has a considerable influence on culture. Depending on what topics are relevant in society, works of art are also created .
19th century painting was formed on the aphids of international events. At the end of the 18th century, feudalism began to recede into the past, and it was replaced by a progressive
social system - the bourgeoisie. And, accordingly, he brought with him a new caste of the population - the bourgeois. Their likeness in the modern world is private entrepreneurs. It was in such conditions that European painting of the 19th century was formed.
Genres and leading motifs of 19th century European painting
As a result of the change in the social system, the views on art have changed significantly. 19th century painting is more prone to romance. Images of children playing carefree on the lawn or happily eating goodies became the main ones depicted in the paintings of the then painters. The world was perceived as an ideal creation, and childhood as a carefree time. The serene and cheerful children in the artists' view were equated with the most beautiful phenomenon in the world. Their fun, happy smiles and adventure-filled games were most often depicted in the paintings. A considerable place in the thoughts of painters was occupied by the process of raising children.
Artists perceived the process of upbringing as the noblest thing on earth, since they prepared a new person for life, instilled in him noble qualities, taught him the idea of beauty, to differentiate between the concepts of the beautiful and the ugly. Here in such an optimistic, carefree and harmonious light lived French painting of the 19th century. But closer to the 20th century, more realistic motifs began to appear in the works of artists. The unreal world of beauty, love and harmony is a thing of the past, the image of real everyday life from poor families has become relevant. The terrifying pictures of children's suffering due to shortcomings, malnutrition became the leading motives in the work of European and
French artists. During this period, portraits were depicted mainly, the main purpose of which was to convey not only the external features of a person, but also to show his character, to portray a portrait of a person inseparable from the era in which he lives. Representatives: Louis David, Madaras, Brojik, Matejka, Francisco Goya, Dominic Ingres, Eugene Delacroix, Honore Daumier, Francois Millet.
Russian painting of the 19th century
Painting of the 19th century in Russia kept up with the European. Romanticism prevailed in the visual arts. The craving for perfection, as a result of the disappointment of the late 18th century by the French Revolution, led romantic and ideal motifs into Russian painting.
Unrealistic ideas about the ideal world, its improvement, was depicted in paintings of that time. During the development of the theme of the ideal world, its truth was often portrayed. Hard working people, domestic problems, dirty and hungry children repeatedly visited the canvases of artists. Representatives: V. A. Tropinin, K. P. Bryullov, A. A, Ivanov, A. G. Venetsianov, P. A. Fedotov, G. G. Myasoedov, V. G. Perov. 19th century painting was replenished with another masterpiece from the treasury of Russian artists. Surely, everyone knows the work of K.P. Bryullov about the buried city during the
eruption of a volcano in 79 BC. e.
"The last day of Pompeii".