Moles are called benign skin lesions. The cause of their occurrence is the accumulation of cells that produce melanin. Similar spots can be both flat and convex. This difference is due to the fact that the pigment can be in the upper layer of the skin or lie much deeper. You should carefully monitor the condition of such spots. If the flat moles become convex - this may be a bad sign. Under adverse conditions, the growth can quickly turn into melanoma.
Reasons for the appearance
Let's dwell on this in more detail. Sometimes moles on a person’s body become convex. The causes are usually associated with hormonal changes that occur in the body. Benign skin lesions can also appear under the influence of the following factors:
- Long exposure to the sun. Moles most often appear on those parts of the body that are more susceptible to ultraviolet radiation. Dark formations are the most dangerous.
- Diseases of the gastrointestinal tract.
- Thyroid disease.
- Natural processes of skin aging. As a rule, the cover in the elderly under the influence of ultraviolet light is covered with a large number of convex moles.
- Hormonal changes associated with pregnancy or the onset of menstruation. During these periods, the work of all internal organs is completely rebuilt, which can seriously affect the condition of the skin.
If you notice that the mole has become convex and itchy, it is worth paying special attention to this site. Such manifestations may indicate the onset of such a serious disease as skin cancer.
Convex nevi sometimes occur even in young children. Most often, such growths form, starting from 5 years. They have a rounded shape and brown color. If a child has many moles on its body, then it is worthwhile to regularly undergo a checkup by a dermatologist, and also avoid excessive exposure to ultraviolet radiation.
What causes a mole?
So what do you need to know about this? If you have many formations on your body, then their condition should be closely monitored. If you notice that the mole has become convex, be sure to contact a qualified specialist. Diagnosis at an early stage will help to avoid serious consequences.
Usually nevi do not bring the patient much discomfort. But injuring them due to their specific shape is quite easy. In some cases, dermatologists even recommend removing the nevus to prevent the development of infection and the degeneration of the mole into a malignant skin lesion.
Classification
Why did moles become convex? The reasons depend on many factors, including the type of skin formation and the place of its localization. Most often, convex moles appear on the eyelids, neck, face, back, décolleté. Neoplasms can bring significant discomfort, and patients seek help from specialists. Some moles must be removed in order to return the surface of the skin to an aesthetic appearance, and some due to a health risk.
To date, the following types of skin growths are distinguished in medicine:
- Fibroepithelial. They have a round shape and clear borders. They may have a pinkish or light brown color. A large number of such formations on the skin may indicate abnormalities in the liver, as well as a high risk of developing tumors.
- Intraepidermal and mixed. Slightly rise above the surface of the skin, have sharp contours and dark color. As a rule, such moles are flat, but the main danger is the possibility of their degeneration. If you notice that such a mole has become convex, be sure to consult a doctor.
- Papillomatous. Depending on the quantity, they have a different appearance. Multiple moles of this type usually have a warty shape, and single moieties are filiform. Formations of this type are light brown and flesh-colored. They usually appear in women in adulthood.
- Hemangiomas. The growths are red or burgundy. The cause of the occurrence is a benign proliferation of blood vessels. If they are damaged, serious bleeding can occur. Therefore, such formations pose a serious danger to the body. Most often, hemangiomas appear in children and continue to grow until they reach the age of 6 years.
- Red growth. It appears already in adulthood and can affect large areas of the body. The appearance of such formations may indicate pathologies in the work of internal organs.
Which moles are the most dangerous?
This aspect is worth exploring in the first place. Why has the mole become larger and more convex? Does this symptom always indicate the development of a serious pathology? The most hazardous formations include:
- Blue growths. Their diameter can reach 10 mm. Such moles can appear both in childhood and during hormonal adjustment. Incorrect removal or trauma of such a formation can lead to its degeneration.
- Border growths. May appear in childhood. During the growing period, such moles increase in size - up to 15 mm. The color of the growth is uneven and darker as it approaches its central part. Typically, such moles are localized on the chest, back, arms and feet.
- Gigantic. Congenital neoplasms of brown and gray color. Their size can reach 20 mm. Typically, the cause of their appearance are infections and hormonal disorders. Such moles usually appear on the neck, face, and back and cause significant discomfort. Doctors recommend removing them in a timely manner to avoid serious consequences.
What moles are not dangerous?
Let's dwell on this in more detail. Many moles do not pose a serious danger to a person. These include:
- Intradermal. They look like dark warts in size from 2 mm.
- Fibroepithelial. Light color, no more than 1-2 cm. Usually, such growths are removed only for aesthetic reasons.
- Angiomas Skin lesions consisting of damaged vessels. Most often appear on the face and back. They can be uncomfortable, so they are often removed.
- Pigmentary nevus. It has a dark color with a bleached halo. It usually occurs in children, but can also occur in adults due to skin burns.
Rebirth
What you need to know about this? If you notice that the mole has increased and became convex, then this may be a clear sign of its degeneration. Typically, this phenomenon is accompanied by a violation of symmetry, the appearance of fuzzy borders, dark inclusions and convex growths. If at least one of the listed symptoms appears, you should definitely consult a doctor.
Danger of skin tumors
Should I worry if the mole turns red and convex? A change in the structure of skin formation can indicate the development of melanoma. An alarm should be raised if:
- mole grows rapidly - in 3 months more than 5 mm;
- a reddish halo appeared around the neoplasm;
- a mole itches and causes discomfort;
- hair falls on the surface of the formation;
- spots of various colors appeared;
- borders have lost a clear outline;
- the mole is bleeding.
If at least one of the signs described above appears, you must seek medical help.
Diagnostics
What to do if a mole has become convex on the face or body? How to treat? Before prescribing a course of treatment, the doctor must conduct a detailed diagnosis. A visual examination of the neoplasm is performed. Also, the doctor should ask the patient a series of questions regarding chronic diseases, a hereditary predisposition to oncology, hormonal disruptions, and immunity disorders.
At the next stage, the surface of the mole is examined using special equipment. Blood, urine, and surface scans will also be required. Treatment can only be prescribed after receiving all the results and making an accurate diagnosis.
Therapy
Many believe that if the mole has become black and convex, it can be completely cured with the help of special drugs. However, it is not. It is impossible to get rid of a convex mole with medicines. The most effective way is to remove it.
To date, the following methods of getting rid of moles are used:
- Cryodestruction. Neoplasms are removed using liquid nitrogen. Nevus tissue is frozen. Most often, this method is used to remove small moles.
- Laser. Safe procedure that does not require incisions. Tissues after such an intervention heal very quickly.
- Electrocoagulation A similar method involves exposure to high-frequency radiation. It is usually used to remove filiform nevi.
- Surgical removal. The method is used for poor biopsy results and the risk of nevus degeneration. During the operation, tissues located in the immediate vicinity of the affected area are also removed.
The consequences of the operation
Now you know what to do if the mole has become convex and rough. However, many patients fear the consequences of surgery. The most unpleasant of them is the appearance of scars. It all depends on the skill of the surgeon. If suturing a large wound, a keloid scar may form. In fact, it is a tumor of connective tissue. If the mole was not completely removed or serious violations were made during the operation, relapse may occur.
In most cases, after surgery to remove skin lesions, itching appears, slight discomfort and bursting, as well as redness. Typically, these symptoms resolve by themselves over time. If they persist for a long time, it is better to seek qualified medical help.
Postoperative care
So that the scars after removal of the mole healed quickly and did not cause discomfort, it is necessary to monitor their condition. Usually, after surgery, the patient is given a sick leave week. Depending on the severity of the disease, a visit to the doctor's office may be required during the recovery process.
In the first week after the intervention, the damaged area of the skin should be protected from contact with water. You need to dress in such a way that the scar is covered. To prevent relapse, it is recommended to use sunscreens. Full healing will occur in about 3-4 weeks. Also, the attending physician may prescribe special preparations for treating the skin with antibacterial and wound healing effects.
Preventative measures
In the article, we examined in detail what to do if the flat moles became convex. There are also a number of preventative measures that can reduce the risk of developing melanoma. These include:
- reduced time spent in the sun;
- the use of special sunscreens;
- respect for moles, eliminating the possibility of injury.
If you experience any discomfort in the nevus, you should immediately consult a doctor. If there are convex moles on the body, it is recommended to undergo a regular examination of the skin. This is especially true for those people who have many moles throughout their bodies. Only in this case can you notice that the neoplasm on the skin began to degenerate into melanoma.
Conclusion
The appearance of moles on the body is a normal physiological process. This can happen for various reasons: due to hormonal failure, disturbances in the immune system, and various diseases. Small flat skin lesions should not be cause for concern. But if the mole has become convex, changed its shape, color or size, you should definitely consult a doctor.
The specialist should first of all conduct a diagnosis. This may require certain examinations and analyzes. Only on the basis of their doctor prescribes appropriate treatment. In case of detection of the malignant nature of skin formation, the most effective treatment is removal surgery.
To date, there are several options for its implementation: surgical excision, cryodestruction, laser removal. The choice of the best option depends on the location of the mole and its features. An important step is postoperative recovery. Only with proper care can complete healing of the damaged area be ensured and relapse can be avoided. Also, to prevent the degeneration of moles, doctors recommend abandoning a long stay in the sun and using means to protect against ultraviolet radiation.