In a modern pharmacy you can easily buy gel, tablets or injections of Actovegin with instructions. The product belongs to the class of antioxidants, prevents the lack of oxygen, is considered an effective reparant. The active components of the drug affect the transformation, movement of glucose in the body, thereby activating the consumption of oxygen by cells affected by ischemia. At the same time, the amount of ADP, ATP increases.
"Actovegin": ampoules
They are represented by three types: 80, 200 and 400 mg of the active ingredient in a single dose. Volumes - 2, 5, 10 ml, respectively. One package contains instructions for Actovegin (intravenously), 25 ampoules of the minimum dosage or five copies of 200 mg, 400 mg. The main substance from which the drug is created is a hemoderivative obtained from the blood of young calves. Proteins removed from the substance. For every milliliter of the substance, 40 mg of hemoderivat is necessary.
According to the instructions for Actovegin ampoules, the substance consists entirely of small physiological components. The molecular weight of the ingredients is strictly less than 5,000 Da.
"Actovegin" shows a pronounced metabolic effect, protects the cells of the nervous system. As a neuroprotective agent, the substance reduces the effects of stress associated with oxygen deficiency at the cellular level. Neural apoptosis is reduced. Studies have shown non-specific effects on metabolism relative to the organs of the human body.
The manufacturer in the instructions for use for injections "Actovegin" intramuscularly indicates the effect of using the composition at the molecular level. Under the influence of the components of the product, oxygen is utilized faster, resistance to hypoxia increases, glucose is processed faster, and this means that energy metabolism is stimulated. The mutual effect is such that energy reserves at the cellular level increase. This is especially important for ischemia, oxygen deficiency. Actovegin has become almost a unique drug for the treatment of people who have polyneuropathy with diabetes mellitus, as it exhibits activity similar to insulin with respect to movement, glucose oxidation, while stimulating metabolic processes involving oxygen.
In the second type of diabetes, studies have shown (this is recorded in the instructions for use), Actovegin reduces the severity of manifestations of polyneuropathy due to metabolic disorders. Weaken:
- burning;
- paresthesia;
- pain;
- numbness of the legs.
Under the influence of the composition, disturbances of the susceptibility of vibration become noticeably less. In general, as reviews and instructions for use show, "Actovegin" (price for ampoules - from 600 rubles) can significantly improve the quality of life of patients.
Kinetics
A distinctive feature mentioned in the instructions for use of Actovegin intramuscularly, orally and externally is the inability to assess the kinetics of the drug using methods available to modern doctors. There are no mechanisms to evaluate:
- suction;
- distribution;
- elimination.
This is due to the composition of the substance: Actovegin contains only the physiological components present in the human body.
Terms of use
In the instructions for the use of injections "Actovegin", the manufacturer mentions the following indications for the use of the medication:
- cerebral diseases caused by metabolic disorders, the state of blood vessels;
- peripheral blood flow problems;
- complications associated with peripheral blood flow insufficiency;
- polyneuropathy against diabetes.
"Actovegin" shows a pronounced effect in:
- dementia
- angiopathy;
- trophic ulcers.
The tool can be used for blood flow disorders in both veins and arteries. The instructions for use for injections "Actovegin" indicates a wide area of effectiveness of the drug.
A solution for injective administration is injected into a vein:
- under a dropper;
- by jet infusion.
You can enter "Actovegin" in the artery. The optimal dosage is 5-20 ml per day.
The instructions to "Actovegin" indicated the possibility of using the composition intramuscularly, while observing the rules:
- the injection is very slow;
- the maximum dose per day is 5 ml.
For infusion into the vein, Actovegin is diluted with glucose or sodium chloride. The maximum concentration is 2 g per 250 ml of liquid.
Dosage rules
In the instructions to "Actovegin", the manufacturer recommends choosing a dosage, evaluating the clinical manifestations of the disease. Usually start with 5-10 ml, an injection is done in a vein or artery. Continue the course, inject 5 ml every day into a vein or muscle. It is possible to reduce the frequency of use up to several times a week. A specific format is chosen by the doctor, analyzing the disease, the patient's response to therapy.
If the patient is in serious condition, Actovegin is indicated to be administered under a dropper into a vein in an amount of 20-50 ml per day. The duration of treatment is a few days until marked progress is achieved.
In the instructions "Actovegin" with moderate severity of the patient's condition is recommended for insertion into a vein or muscle. Dosage - 5-20 ml per day. The duration of treatment is from two weeks to 17 days. A similar program requires an exacerbation of chronic pathology.
As part of the planned therapeutic program, Actovegin is used from one to three times a week for a month or a half. The instructions of "Actovegin" indicate that the drug is injected into a vein or muscle. Dose - from two to five milliliters. The specific frequency and quantity is selected by assessing the severity of the pathology.
If polyneuropathy is established against the background of diabetes mellitus, Actovegin begins to be used in an amount of 2 g per day. The drug is injected into a vein. The duration of the course is three weeks. After that, they switch to the form for oral administration. For 4-5 months (and more), the patient is prescribed Actovegin tablets. According to the instructions, they are taken three times a day for 2-3 doses.
Prohibited!
The contraindications listed in the instructions for "Actovegin" (tablets, injections, ointments) are primarily increased sensitivity to the components of the composition, the susceptibility of the ingredients. You can not use the medication if hypersensitivity to other drugs with similar components in the composition is detected. In addition, the tool in the form of injections is not used for:
- decompensated heart failure;
- pulmonary edema;
- oliguria;
- anuria.
These conditions do not allow the infusion of medicines, since there is a possibility of overhydration.
Adverse reactions
The instructions to "Actovegin" (intramuscularly) lists possible negative responses of the patient. There is a chance of an allergic reaction. The manufacturer warns about the risk of developing the following conditions:
- hypersensitivity, affecting the condition of the skin;
- anaphylactic, anaphylactoid responses;
- anaphylactic shock;
- heat;
- chills;
- angioedema;
- itching
- skin rashes;
- hives;
- hyperemia of the skin;
- activation of sweat glands;
- swelling of the mucous membranes, skin;
- the tides.
Possible tissue changes at the injection site.
Also in the reviews and instructions to "Actovegin" (the price of the form for injective administration - from 600 rubles) the negative responses of the body are mentioned:
- dyspepsia, impaired stool, nausea, vomiting, epigastric pain;
- pallor of the skin, decreased or increased pressure, shortness of breath, violation of the frequency and rhythm of the heartbeat, acrocyanosis, heart pain;
- choking, difficulty swallowing, difficulty, shortness of breath, feeling as if a chest tightens, sore throat;
- trembling, paresthesia, agitated or weak state, head may hurt and become dizzy, loss of consciousness;
- sore joints, muscle tissue, lower back.
If side effects occur, Actovegin is canceled, and therapy is conducted to eliminate symptoms.
Introduction Features
In the instructions for the use of Actovegin (the price of injections mentioned above), the manufacturer recommends using no more than 5 ml of the drug in muscle tissue due to the pronounced hypertensive effect. The substance intended for infusion is combined only with glucose and sodium chloride. It is very important to observe sterile conditions, otherwise Actovegin may become a source of danger to the health and even life of the patient.
The product does not contain preservatives, it is based only on natural ingredients, which partially explains its rather high price. Instructions for use "Actovegin" draws attention to the following limitation associated with this set of ingredients: the drug must be fully used at a time. An opened ampoule cannot be stored, as well as a prepared solution. If the medicine was not used on time, it must be disposed of, like any waste associated with the administration procedure. In this case, the requirements and rules established by laws must be observed.
The manufacturer pays attention to the risk of anaphylactic response. To prevent a serious condition of the patient before the procedure, it is reasonable to conduct a test introduction to check the sensitivity. If the balance of water, electrolytes is disturbed, a dosage adjustment is made, a specific therapeutic course is selected.
Patients who need to control the intake of sodium in the body must take into account that the medication contains this substance.
The solution for infusion is painted in a slight shade of yellow. The strength of the color depends on the original product used in the preparation, therefore, varies significantly. The hue, as the manufacturer assures, does not indicate a qualitative component of the drug, does not lead to more or less sensitivity, activity. In addition, attention is drawn to the fact that only a uniform transparent solution is allowed to be introduced, in which there are no inclusions visible to the eye.
Mother and child
If you need to use "Actovegin" during the period of bearing a child and breastfeeding, you should consult a doctor. The doctor will evaluate the condition of the mother and the fetus, analyze the possible dangers and obvious benefits, warn the woman about the risks associated with such therapy. Only with the obvious dominance of benefits, the decision is made to use Actovegin. In medical practice, there are cases when the combination of Actovegin, pregnancy and placental insufficiency led to death, but there is no official information about what exactly provoked this result: medication or underlying disease.
The use of Actovegin during breastfeeding under the supervision of doctors did not show negative effects for the mother or baby.
There is no information on the use of Actovegin for minors. The manufacturer does not recommend the use of ampoules for the treatment of this category of patients. At the same time, children's age is not an absolute contraindication to use.
Work and therapy
As with many analogues, the Actovegin instructions indicate that the drug can only slightly affect the speed of a person’s reaction; in most patients this effect was not observed at all. When working with high-precision machines and units, driving, it is important to take into account not only the direct effect of Actovegin on the ability to concentrate and respond, but also on the risk of a negative response of the body to the therapeutic course, in particular, from the nervous system.
The nuances of using
There is no information confirming interaction with other medicinal formulations about Actovegin. Overdose cases are also unknown.
"Actovegin" gel
The active component of the agent in this form is also a hemoderivative derived from calf blood, from which the protein component was extracted. 100 g of gel accounts for 20 ml of the component. Also used in the production of auxiliary ingredients:
- carmellose;
- calcium lactate;
- water;
- propyl parahydroxybenzoate;
- propylene glycol.
The most pronounced difference from the ampoules already described is the price of Actovegin. The instruction for the analogue of injections (gel) is largely similar to the above, however, the composition is used differently. Another difference is the availability in pharmacies. Ampoules are presented in most modern pharmaceutical points, but finding the gel is somewhat more difficult.
general information
Actovegin is available in the form of a uniform transparent mass. The hue does not have or is painted in a yellowish color. The tool belongs to the group of hypoxia-preventing drugs, stimulates metabolic processes involving glucose, oxygen. Under the influence of the drug at the cellular level, energy reserves increase. ATP metabolism is stimulated. With "Actovegin" regenerative processes proceed faster, for which impressive energy reserves are needed.
The instructions for the use of the analogue "Actovegin" in injections - gel - indicate the following indications:
- inflammation
- wounds, cuts, scratches;
- burns;
- cracks;
- weeping ulcers.
"Actovegin" is indicated for sunburn, steam burns or scalding, as it stimulates cell regeneration. With a weeping ulcer, it is used only at the initial stage. If integrity is violated, the effect is equally pronounced in the treatment of mucous membranes and skin integuments.
"Actovegin" in the form of a gel is used as a prophylactic to prevent the negative effects of radiation, as a therapeutic for injuries caused by this factor.
You can use the composition as a preliminary for the treatment of wounds for burns, if the patient is indicated for transplantation.
It is impossible!
Like injections, Actovegin gel is not applied if hypersensitivity to the substance is established. Similar medicines can be dangerous.
Subtleties of use: instructions for use "Actovegin"
The price of analogs of injections is attractive - about 150 rubles per package, but the tool has serious differences, so you can not always replace one with another. Like injections, the ointment can be applied during gestation, while breastfeeding, but the mechanics of use are completely different: the gel is intended for external use.
In the instructions, the manufacturer recommends distributing the composition in a thin layer, treating diseased skin areas several times daily. If it is necessary to clean the surface of the ulcer, the drug is applied in a thick layer, then covered with a compress with ointment or a gauze dressing soaked in medication. Bandage change frequency - daily. If the surface gets very wet, replace it several times a day.
As clinical trials show, most patients tolerate the medication very well. There are cases when, at the beginning of use, patients felt pain at the site of application. The syndrome is due to swelling of the tissues, but does not indicate intolerance to the drug. If the pain persists for a long time, and therapy does not show a pronounced result, it is necessary to consult a doctor.
An allergic reaction to the composition is possible if there is a mention in the medical history of hypersensitivity that previously bothered the patient.
There is no information about the possibility of interaction between Actovegin gel and other drugs.
What's on the pharmacy shelves?
In the pharmacy you can buy the product at an affordable price, as evidenced by the reviews. Instructions for use and the analogue of "Actovegin" in injections - gel - are on sale at a price of 150 rubles and above. The manufacturer always puts in a cardboard box with the composition of the accompanying document, which indicates the composition, effect, contraindications and features of the use of the substance.
There are four packaging options: 20, 30, 50 and 100 g. The gel is sealed in an aluminum tube, protected by a membrane that is removed at the first opening. The cover is made of plastic. The concentration of the active compound in all forms of release is 20%.
"Actovegin" in the form of a gel is sold without a doctor's prescription.
The drug has several analogues in pharmacological action (and relatively close in price) analogues. Reviews about "Actovegin", instructions in parts related to indications, allow us to conclude that the drug can be replaced with medications:
The choice of replacement should be agreed with the doctor.
Tablets "Actovegin": instructions for use
The price of a tablet form is quite high - about 1,600 rubles are requested in pharmacies for packaging containing fifty doses. One capsule contains 200 mg of the active ingredient. The product is made in a round shape, the shell is greenish, yellowish. All copies shine. The active compound, as in the above cases, is a hemoderivative derived from calf blood.Protein structures are extracted from the substance. As auxiliary components, the manufacturer applied:
- talc;
- povidone;
- magnesium stearate;
- cellulose;
- sucrose;
- dyes;
- wax;
- macrogol;
- gum;
- phthalates.
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Pharmacology
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The composition of the tablets contains only physiological substances. The molecular weight of each component is up to 5,000 Da. The product acts at the molecular level, increases the resistance of tissues to a lack of oxygen, stimulates energy production, glucose transformation. All the effects that Actovegin shows, in total, can increase energy reserves, which is especially important for ischemia, hypoxia.
The primary effect can be seen within half an hour after using the drug. The maximum result is achievable after three hours from the moment the substance enters the body.
Kinetics
As with injections, ointments, and tablets, it is not possible to evaluate and investigate how Actovegin is absorbed, how it is distributed throughout the body’s tissues and in what ways it is excreted. This is due to the presence of exclusively physiological compounds, which are already in the human body.
Terms of use
The instructions list the following indications for taking Actovegin tablets:
- metabolic disorders, cerebrovascular activity;
- acute forms of impaired blood flow in the brain;
- dementia
- injuries to the skull, brain, the consequences of such injuries;
- hypoxia provoked by various factors;
- polyneuropathy against diabetes mellitus;
- disruption of the veins, arteries;
- trophic ulcers;
- arterial angiopathy.
"Actovegin" is prescribed, evaluating the patient's condition, diagnosis, severity of the disease. The classic course involves the use of tablets three times a day in the amount of 1-2 capsules. Do not violate the integrity of the shell. "Actovegin" washed down with clean water. The duration of the course is from a month to a half.
Polyneuropathy requires first using a solution for injection into a vein for three weeks in an amount of 2 g, after which they start taking tablets. The duration of the program is from five months or more, the frequency of use is three times a day, a single dosage is 2-3 capsules.
Negative effects and contraindications
The use of Actovegin tablets can cause:
You can not use the composition if an increased susceptibility is established in any substance used in the manufacture of the medication.
Special occasion
If there is evidence, it is allowed to take Actovegin during gestation and breastfeeding.
In the manufacture of the composition used quinoline dye, products with which are not recommended for use until reaching adulthood. This aspect should be considered if it is planned to prescribe Actovegin treatment to the child.
Clinical observations have shown that Actovegin does not correct a person’s ability to concentrate, react, manage vehicles and high-precision mechanisms. There is no effect on the psyche and motor skills.
When taking an excess dose, pain in the stomach is possible. When observing such a symptom, Actovegin is canceled, the stomach is washed, and therapy is prescribed based on the symptoms. The patient is shown to drink a lot.
It was not possible to detect the effects of the interaction of Actovegin and other medications.
How to replace?
Several drugs are known that, to one degree or another, are analogues of Actovegin. Before replacing the drug with an alternative, you should consult a doctor to clarify the effectiveness of other formulations.
One option is Cortexin. In pharmacies, it costs 800-1200 rubles, it is a water soluble polypeptide. It has an increased rate of penetration into cells, effectively restores the functions of the brain. You can not use the drug while carrying a child, breastfeeding. "Cortexin" is contraindicated if hypersensitivity to any of the compounds used in the production is established.
A fairly affordable analogue of Actovegin is presented in pharmacies under the name Vero-Trimetazidine. For one package they ask about a hundred rubles. The drug prevents hypoxia, is used for ischemia, strokes, cardiac hypoxia. Not intended for pregnant women and nursing mothers.
Another analogue of Actovegin is Noben. It costs a little more than 500 rubles per package. Active components protect brain neurons, stimulate regenerative processes, and allow cells to recover. The substances on which the composition works are antibodies of one of the brain proteins. The product is not intended for the treatment of pregnant women and minor patients.