Sore throat: symptoms and treatment

Diseases of the throat give a person great discomfort. They differ in symptoms, causes and treatment methods. Inflammation of the throat is one of the common phenomena that can indicate diseases of the upper respiratory tract. It is accompanied by severe pain, cough, fever. Symptoms and treatment methods are described in the article.

Functions

In the vocal cords, the elastic structure of the muscles and connective tissue. Their main function is the creation of voice and the protection of the lungs from the penetration of foreign bodies. When air gets in, the ligaments close and open, due to which sounds appear. With inflammation of the ligaments in a person, the gap between them narrows, and therefore hoarseness or loss of voice appears.

Symptoms

With different forms of the disease, they are different. But still there are general symptoms of sore throat, manifested in all diseases:

• tickle;
• pain
• dry cough;
• fever;
• weakness;
• muscle pain;
• difficulty breathing
• headache.

Inflammation may indicate an increase in lymph nodes. However, they may not become inflamed in the upper respiratory tract. The focus may be, for example, near the ears. In acute course of the disease, cutting pain is observed, while the patient feels hoarseness or loss of voice. If there are such signs of sore throat, you should consult a doctor to prevent the development of pathology.

Causes

Why does sore throat occur? The reason may be due to the following factors:

• infection - viral, bacterial;
• noncommunicable disease - overstrain, smoking, the influence of harmful components.

All ailments leading to sore throats are similar in symptoms and treatment. But before starting any sessions, it is necessary to establish the area of ​​localization of the focus and perform a clinical examination of the body.

Diseases

The inflammatory process can be a confirmation of some diseases:

1. Pharyngitis. With it, inflammation of the mucous membrane of the posterior wall of the larynx occurs. Severe and prolonged pain is observed.
2. Sore throats. With this disease, tonsils are inflamed, there is pain when swallowing. Inflammation enters the palatine arches and tongue, and then the ailment is called uvulit.
3. Laryngitis There is inflammation of the vocal cords, sore throat, hoarseness. Laryngitis appears on the background of colds.
4. Thyroid inflammation. Another ailment is called thyroiditis. Iron becomes inflamed, which causes an increase in its size. Many people have minor deviations, so usually this does not cause discomfort. But unpleasant sensations appear with an enlarged state for a long period.

All these diseases appear with the penetration of pathogenic bacteria into the body by hemolytic streptococcus. But with pharyngitis, a viral infection is considered the causative agent.

Other reasons

Often, inflammation of the tongue in the throat or tonsils is associated with such severe forms of the disease:

• whooping cough;
• pneumonia
• the flu.

With these diseases, therapy is carried out in another way, in which case a serious medical approach is needed. Thanks to rinsing, warm drinking of beneficial decoctions of herbs, inhalations and other procedures, the pain subsides, breathing is restored, and health is improved. But before performing any procedures, you need to see a doctor for a comprehensive examination and diagnosis.

According to experts, the risk of inflammation can be increased under certain factors, for example, when smoking, dust penetrating into the respiratory tract, dry air, weak immunity and allergies. Inflammation of the follicles in the throat leads to a weakening of the immune system, therefore it is important to follow simple recommendations with medication. It is important to exclude bad habits, you need to walk for a long time in the fresh air, adhere to proper nutrition and perform physical exercises.

Forms

Tonsil inflammation in the throat, tongue, or other areas is different. Treatment will also be different depending on the ailment. In this case, inflammation is of various forms:

1. Catarrhal. It is a common species. With it, perspiration, dry cough, hoarseness, high fever up to 37.5 degrees, loss of voice are observed.
2. Hypertrophic. There is an increase in the number of structural elements of the laryngeal mucosa. Hoarseness is observed. On the ligaments can be neoplasms in the form of nodules. This confirms the chronic form of the disease.
3. Hemorrhagic. It occurs with impaired hematopoiesis, pathologies of the liver, heart and blood vessels. When coughing, sputum with blood is released. There may be a dry mouth, a lump in the throat.
4. Diphtheria. The causative agent of this form of inflammation is a bacterial infection. There may be white lumps passing from the tonsils to the larynx. Ligaments become clogged with them, which causes breathing difficulties and loss of voice.
5. Atrophic. Usually occurs in adults. With this form, thinning of the mucous layer of the larynx is observed. Frequent attacks of dry cough appear, often with the discharge of sputum with blood. Doctors believe that the causative agent is spicy, fatty, salty foods.

It is important that the muscles of the larynx have a normal state to perform their functions. Inflammation of the lymph nodes in the throat or tonsils causes discomfort, so treatment that eliminates the discomfort is required. In addition, this eliminates the likelihood of severe pathologies.

Treatment

Inflammation of the throat in a child and an adult should be treated after diagnosis. It should be borne in mind that self-medication can cause the development of serious ailments. Accurate diagnosis is performed by a doctor. Analyzes are required to reveal the entire clinical picture.

Based on the results of the examination, the doctor will advise which medicines are better to use. He will also provide recommendations on what procedures are useful to perform for recovery.

Self help

Treatment for sore throat can be performed independently. For this, some conditions must be taken into account: if the disease is not bacterial, there will be no complications after self-help, an excellent therapeutic effect is expected.

How to treat sore throat, a doctor should tell. If this feature is not available, you need to follow simple rules:

1. Only inhale through the nose. It moisturizes, cleanses, warms it.
2. It is necessary to treat sinuses and passages. Elimination of adenoids, chronic rhinitis and sinusitis is required. Then pathogenic microflora passes through the throat.
3. It is important to regularly change your toothbrush. Replacement after suffering diseases of the mouth and throat is required.
4. It is important to limit the use of sweets. Carbohydrates are able to maintain a nutrient medium for pathogenic microflora.
5. It is necessary to strain the vocal cords less, as this only worsens the situation.
6. Gargling with folk remedies is helpful. An excellent effect is observed from the use of a solution of salt, soda with iodine, herbs.
7. Need to drink more fluids. In this case, the drinks should be dark, otherwise you can only worsen the condition.
8. Smoking can be a major cause of sore throat.
9. Indoor humidity must be maintained at 60%. This norm is valid for winter when the air is dried due to batteries.
10. It is necessary to eliminate allergens. The irritants include dust, animal hair, pollen, aerosols, cosmetics, toothpaste. Often leads to allergies household chemicals, medicines.

Medicines

Throat inflammation can be treated with medication. But before that, you need to see a doctor. If the inflammation is serious, then local remedies will not completely eliminate the problem. In this case, antibiotics should be taken. They can be prescribed intramuscularly as an injection, as well as in the form of tablets. Antibiotics are prescribed only after examination by a doctor.

The most effective medicines include:

1. Grammidine. It is an antibacterial agent with anti-inflammatory effect in the oral cavity and pharynx. With it, microflora is almost not addictive, in addition, the oral cavity is perfectly cleaned due to increased salivation. The instructions indicate that the drug can not be used during pregnancy.
2. "Bioparox." The medicine is presented in the form of an aerosol having a metered injection. It is used for rhinitis, tonsillitis, tracheitis, laryngitis. The drug is not used by children under 3 years old and by women during breastfeeding. After ingestion, there is a feeling of an unpleasant aftertaste, burning, dryness, cough. After some time, the reaction disappears.
3. "Stomanguin." The medicine has a double effect, because it has an antibiotic and an antiseptic. It is used for various bacterial lesions of the throat mucosa. You can not only take during pregnancy, breastfeeding and allergies.
4. Septolete. An antiseptic drug used for a symptomatic effect. He is treating tonsil inflammation. It is effective during the initial stages of tonsillitis, inflammation of the gums, and oral mucosa. It is undesirable to take up to 4 years.
5. "Sebidin." The medicine acts on almost all microbes of the respiratory system. It is used for infectious lesions of the mucosa. Due to the drug, nausea, abdominal pain, and taste disturbance appear. Prolonged use leads to discoloration of fillings and prostheses.
6. Laripront. The drug has antiviral, mucolytic, antimicrobial, fungistatic, anti-inflammatory effects. It is taken during pregnancy. The tool eliminates the painful flora and hoarseness of the voice. The average cost of the drug is 200 rubles.

Rinse

How to gargle with inflammation? The safest are the herbs, from which they create decoctions. They are prepared on their own. Excellent effect comes from the use of chamomile, calendula and eucalyptus. The mixture must be poured with boiling water and filtered. After cooling, gargle several times a day. St. John's wort, wormwood, plantain, calendula also helps.

In addition to folk remedies, there are also pharmacy:

1. "Furacilin." It has an antiseptic effect. It can be used at any age. Recovery is expected even after severe forms of ailments.
2. Miramistin. It is released in the form of a solution or spray. It has a pronounced antibacterial effect, but it is advisable to use it after consulting a doctor.
3. "Malavit." Suitable for children, a few drops are dissolved in water. The medicine has an antiseptic effect.
4. Chlorophyllipt. On sale there is a rinse, which has a disinfectant and anti-inflammatory effect. The medicine can be used at any age, since it is created on a natural basis.

If there is no way to see a doctor, what should I do?

At the first manifestations of the disease, inhalations should be performed. This is a proven and effective method of eliminating inflammation of the respiratory system. Almost any solution with an antiseptic effect is suitable for this. You just need to read the instructions.

It is preferable to carry out events with a special apparatus. With it, the right amount of medicine is delivered to the respiratory tract. In the absence of such a device, a brewing kettle is suitable, through the spout of which you can inhale vapors. The duration of the procedure is at least 10 minutes. But such sessions are prohibited with fever.

If the throat is often sore and the problem persists after various methods of treatment, it is necessary to consult a doctor a second time. Then additional studies are conducted to establish the cause and replace the therapeutic effect.

Prevention

Timely prevention of the risk of illness does not allow discomfort in the throat. To do this, you must follow simple rules:

1. The diet should include foods enriched with vitamin C. These include citrus fruits, kiwi, rosehip infusion. As a preventive measure, you should eat 1 clove of garlic per day and drink fruit drinks from cranberries and cranberries.
2. The menu should consist of different products that saturate the body with valuable vitamins and minerals.
3. Every day you need to use honey (1 tbsp. L.).
4. Strengthens the immune system of outdoor walks. It is important not to freeze.
5. Antiviral agents and multivitamin complexes should be taken.
6. It is important to observe personal hygiene, as it serves as the prevention of many ailments.
7. We need a full sleep, which is considered an excellent stimulator of good condition. A day to rest should be given 8 hours.
8. It’s good to do exercises in the morning. This not only invigorates, but also strengthens the immune system.
9. When interacting with chemicals, respiratory tract protection must be used.
10. It is important to quit smoking.
11. The air in the housing in the winter must be humidified. During the drying of the nasal mucosa, the body is most vulnerable to infections.
12. You need to take time to relax, eliminate stress.
13. Gargle should be gargled in autumn and winter.

Output

Thus, inflammation can be for various reasons. Prevention measures will keep your throat healthy. But if inflammation does appear, proven treatment methods should be used.