Chronic pancreatitis is a common disease that causes irreversible changes in the pancreatic parenchyma. In this form, it is prone to progression and exacerbations.
Treatment aimed at combating toxemia, shock, eliminating pain and suppressing enzyme activity should be supplemented with a diet. What can be eaten with chronic pancreatitis, and what is not, now we will consider in detail.
Diet purpose
If a person is in serious condition, then he is prescribed infusion therapy with the obligatory feeding of mixtures for enteral nutrition through a tube. In such cases, it is important to gradually move from hunger to a complete, physiologically, diet.
With exacerbations, the patient is required to follow a diet aimed at suppressing hyperfermentation of the gland and reducing stasis in the ducts.
Also, proper nutrition helps to significantly improve the function of the gland, as well as restore disorders and prevent relapses.
Basic Rules
Before you talk about what you can eat with chronic pancreatitis, it should be noted that with this disease there is insufficient production of digestive enzymes. But it is they that break down and further help the body absorb proteins, fats and carbohydrates.
The diet helps to avoid the appearance of undigested fat, sudden weight loss and acute weight deficiency, as well as disturbances in the process of calcium metabolism.
If a person succeeds in achieving remission, then with the help of proper nutrition, it will be possible to correct all disorders in the body and prevent relapse.
Exacerbation Nutrition
The main goal in this case is to stop the production of pancreatic juice. To do this, refuse to eat any food, as well as observe strict bed rest. The effects of food odor and its appearance on the patient are also prohibited.
Here are the main principles of the diet:
- Hunger. Habitual nutrition is replaced by parenteral.
- The transition to a full meal is carried out in the shortest possible time after an attack and pain relief. The human body needs protein.
- The diet expands slowly, gradually. New products are included in small portions.
- The volume of food increases gradually. The same goes for calories.
- It is important to chemically and mechanically spare the organ.
Also need to drink. This is allowed during fasting. Is it possible to milk with chronic pancreatitis, coffee, cocoa, juices? Of course not. But then alkaline mineral water is allowed - "Essentuki No. 17", "Smirnovskaya" and "Borjomi". You can also drink a rosehip broth, weak tea and boiled water.
Any liquid listed is taken in small portions and at room temperature. Although there are several opinions regarding the nature of starvation. Some experts say that liquid should not be taken. Others assure that it is necessary to drink about 1.5-2 liters per day.
Diet after starvation
Now you can talk about what foods you can eat with chronic pancreatitis. After starvation, which, as a rule, does not last more than 3 days, a slow return to physiologically normal nutrition begins.
You need to eat often - 7-8 times a day in small portions. You need to start with 50-100 grams. Calorie content should be minimal (proteins - up to 60 g, fats - up to 50 g). For the body, such nutrition is not a full-fledged source of energy, therefore it is impossible to observe the regime for longer than 4-7 days.
The diet includes boiled foods with a semi-liquid consistency. Only on the sixth day can you add semi-viscous food to your menu.
The emphasis should be on carbohydrate foods. Because they are the ones that least affect pancreatic secretion.
Here's what you can eat with chronic pancreatitis in the first two days after fasting:
- Mucous soups without salt.
- Rubbed liquid porridge.
- Decoctions of cereals, but not millet or corn.
- Weak tea with sugar.
- Vegetable decoctions.
- Rubbed stewed fruit.
- Rusks and white stale bread.
- Jelly from fruit juice with xylitol and jelly.
After two days, you can diversify the menu. Here's what you can eat with an exacerbation of chronic pancreatitis after the "adaptation" period:
- Curd paste.
- Souffle.
- Sour curd puddings. It is advisable to use calcined.
- One to two eggs per day as a steam omelet.
- Cream soup made from boiled meat and porridge in milk. But this is only from the fourth day!
- On the sixth day, it is allowed to add butter to dishes. You can cook vegetable soups (but without cabbage) and mashed potatoes. It is better to give preference to potato, carrot and beetroot.
- From the seventh day, fish and meat souffles are allowed.
- On the tenth day, you can start eating steam cutlets, as well as dumplings from fish, chicken, turkey and beef. But with the obligatory removal of fat, skin and tendons.
When the patient begins to feel better, he observes an acceleration of digestion and realizes that the pain has passed, he is transferred to a less strict diet.
Nutrition after exacerbation
Now we will focus on the less severe diet shown in chronic pancreatitis. What can I eat after a fasting and following the above nutrition? This can be understood from the characteristics of the diet shown:
- Dishes should only be boiled. In crushed or mashed form.
- The amount of fat should not exceed 70 g / day. It is necessary to introduce them into the diet gradually.
- If protein food is poorly digested, you will have to limit its intake for a while. Replace with carbohydrates.
- Fiber and extractive substances are prohibited. To extract them from meat, it is finely chopped and boiled. After 20-25 minutes, the first water is drained, changing to a new, fresh one. Then boiled meat can be used to cook pudding, souffle or minced dish.
- Salt is not recommended, but it can be added to food. The maximum amount is 6 g / day.
- Eat in small portions, not plentiful. A person must remain full, but not burden the gastrointestinal tract.
Talking about what you can eat with chronic pancreatitis, one can not help but mention that it is necessary to include in the diet those products that are inhibitors of proteolytic enzymes. This is oatmeal, egg white, soybeans and potatoes.
If the patient normally tolerates this variant of the diet, then it is allowed to introduce additional fats into the diet. Desirable in the form of vegetable oils. Refractory fats of animal origin are poorly tolerated by patients. Because of them, diarrhea can occur, stomach pains and even inflammation can intensify.
Allowed Products
One could understand that in chronic pancreatitis, not everyone can eat. This is a difficult diet, but the list of allowed foods is quite wide. Here is what you can make your menu from:
- Cereals: rice, semolina, buckwheat and oatmeal. They are cooked on the water. Be sure to bring to a semi-viscous consistency. It is allowed to dilute additionally with water or milk.
- Buckwheat and rice porridge.
- Souffle from semolina and rice. Serve with jam, jam and jelly.
- Vegetables: cauliflower, potatoes, beets, pumpkin, green peas, carrots and zucchini. They must be boiled and mashed in mashed potatoes. Over time, you can eat raw grated pumpkin and carrots. Is it possible to have tomatoes for chronic pancreatitis? Yes, but only peeled. And preferably soft varieties. Is it possible to cucumber with chronic pancreatitis? Also yes, but in grated form.
- Soups from vegetable broths with the introduction of grated cereals. You can add finely chopped vegetables, but not fried. It is allowed to fill with butter, cream and sour cream.
- Low-fat, steamed fish. You can boil, but be sure to a piece. It is also allowed to make cutlets. But you can’t cook stewed fish. It is necessary to choose such breeds: blue whiting, pike perch, perch, hake, pike, cod and common carp.
- Meat: veal, beef, chicken, rabbit. Use in chopped form. You can also cook souffles, dumplings, meatballs and meatballs. A whole piece can be eaten rabbit and chicken.
- Dairy products. But not whole milk. Low-fat cottage cheese, puddings and casseroles from it are allowed. Sour cream can be used as a dressing. Grated mild cheese is also allowed.
- Wheat dry bread.
- Inedible biscuit cookies.
- Protein omelets (1 egg per day).
- Sauces from vegetable broth with the addition of milk or sour cream. For viscosity, it is recommended to add flour, but not fried.
- Sweet baked apples.
- Mashed dried fruits.
- Raw berries and fruits in mashed form and in limited quantities.
- Pastille, mousse, jelly, sweet fruit jam.
Many are particularly concerned about the question: "What fruits can I eat with chronic pancreatitis?" The list of allowed products includes only apples. You can still eat prunes, dried apricots and apricot. But you can drink juices! Of course, not packaged, but natural, fresh. It is recommended to make them from pumpkins, apricots, carrots, rose hips and peaches.
It is gradually allowed to introduce fats into the diet. First add butter, and then refined sunflower.
Prohibited Products
Based on the foregoing, the conclusion suggests itself: in principle, everything can be eaten in case of chronic pancreatitis - fruits, meat, vegetables, sour-milk products, etc. It is real to make a complete, from a physiological point of view, diet. The body will receive everything that it needs - proteins, fats, carbohydrates, vitamins, macro- and microelements.
But many will have to be abandoned. The forbidden list includes such products and products:
- Vegetables, which include coarse fiber: eggplant, rutabaga, turnip, white cabbage, radish and turnip.
- Mushrooms and legumes.
- Soups on fish, meat and mushroom broths. Cabbage soup, borsch, okroshka and beetroot soup are also prohibited.
- Fatty fish, duck, goose, all fried and stewed dishes, smoked meats, salted fish and caviar, canned food and sausages.
- Offal.
- Fresh wheat and rye bread. All confectionery, as well as pancakes, pies, pancakes, cheesecakes, etc.
- Crumbly porridge. Barley, corn, millet and pearl barley are also strictly prohibited.
- Coffee, honey, chocolate, ice cream, cocoa, grape juice, alcoholic drinks and soda.
- Lard, spices, seasonings, cooking fats.
- Fruits with simple carbohydrates (dates, grapes and bananas especially). They provoke bloating.
Of course, many familiar and very tasty foods are forbidden, but even those that are allowed can be used to prepare hearty and mouth-watering dishes. To see this, you can consider some popular recipes.
Fish Meatballs
One of the dishes allowed for this disease diet. What can be eaten with chronic pancreatitis - was listed above, and the composition of this delicious delicacy includes all the allowed foods. To prepare you will need:
- hake fillet - 300 g;
- the flesh of the loaf - 120 g;
- onion and chicken egg - 1 each;
- some milk.
The actions are simple. The pulp should be soaked in milk. When it is soaked, skip it through a meat grinder along with onions and fish fillets. Hake, by the way, must first be soaked in water for 2 hours.
Add the egg and a little salt to the resulting mincemeat. Knead a homogeneous consistency. Then form small balls.
Pour 1.5 liters of water into the pan and boil it. There, alternately lower the resulting meatballs. Cook for 15 minutes.
You can serve them with rice or baked potatoes. If desired, season with low-fat sour cream.
Baked meat
This is an allowed dish for people who can already include animal protein in their diet. To translate into reality the first recipe you will need:
- soaked chicken fillet - 500 g;
- egg - 1 pc;
- skim milk - 250 ml.
Grind the fillet with a meat grinder. Pour into the resulting mass a beaten egg, milk, you can slightly sprinkle with salt. Mix well.
Then grease the baking dish with vegetable oil and distribute the resulting composition over it. Send it to the oven preheated to 180 ° C and bake for 25 minutes.
You can still cook veal. You will need:
- veal meat - 400 g;
- carrots - 1 small;
- chopped fresh parsley - 1 tbsp. l .;
- a pinch of salt.
Pre-soaked meat must be salted and medium-sized incisions made on it. Place in them sliced carrots and parsley. Wrap the meat in a “sleeve” and cook at a temperature of 150 ° C for 40 minutes.
The drinks
Unfortunately, not everyone can quench their thirst for a person who suffers from this serious disease. The allowed fluids for chronic pancreatitis have already been listed above.
Can I drink something else? Yes, poison and insist. They not only taste good, but also are an effective addition to diet therapy.
The most useful herbs are: chamomile, immortelle, horsetail, hawthorn, yarrow, wormwood, aloe, mint, St. John's wort and quail.
Making healthy tea will not take much time and energy. Need to take 1 tbsp. l herbs or collecting, pour 700-800 ml of boiling water and simmer for about 15 minutes. Then strain, cool and drink. You can make a more concentrated solution, but then you have to drink it in smaller quantities so as not to burden the gastrointestinal tract.
Mint has the most pleasant taste. From it you can make not only infusions and decoctions, but also add to regular tea.
However, before you start to eat or drink something, you need to consult your doctor. Only he can prescribe an adequate diet and suggest what will really benefit.