Domestic and physical rehabilitation for bronchial asthma consists of basic measures aimed at reducing the inflammatory process in the bronchi and reducing their reactivity. The rehabilitation process consists of several stages, which can reduce the duration of periods of suffocation and their number. Proper behavior helps to restore the functions of the respiratory system and restore the patient to good condition.
Causes of the disease
Bronchial asthma is a chronic condition that is formed due to a predisposition to develop allergic reactions. The most common underlying factors for this are:
- Immediate predisposition to allergies.
- Infectious respiratory ailments not completely cured.
- Harmful fumes provided by profession.
- High dust level in the air.
- Harmful habits - passive and active smoking.
- Significant outdoor loads.
- The use of drugs that worsen the immune system and the function of the bronchi.
Asthma symptoms
The main signs of the described disease are:
- frequent attacks of suffocation or shortness of breath;
- difficult breathing with prolonged exhalation;
- intense cough;
- noticeable wheezing when breathing.
At the time of the attack, the patient sits on a horizontal surface, clutching her hands, and widely spreads his elbows to the sides. Thanks to this pose, the body activates the auxiliary capabilities of the respiratory system, which helps to normalize the condition and reduce the duration of the attack. If there are similar symptoms, you must always consult a doctor for help. After the necessary course of therapy, the patient is prescribed rehabilitation measures for bronchial asthma.
Recovery Requirements
In order for the named process to give good results, it is necessary to observe the basic principles of rehabilitation. These include:
- Gradual, continuity and continuity of the process.
- An integrated approach to treatment.
- The fastest start of the recovery process.
- An indispensable individual approach to each patient, taking into account his professional characteristics and social status.
The main stages of rehabilitation
To achieve a positive effect, an integrated approach is required using drainage massage, exercise therapy exercises, breathing exercises and reflexology. In addition, conservative drug therapy is also needed. It is most often used in very advanced situations.
There are 4 stages of rehabilitation for asthma:
- In this period, drainage massage is required. It is necessary to rid the respiratory system of accumulated sputum. For these purposes, an additional reflex effect is made on the lungs of patients to form an enhanced cough reflex. Thanks to this technique, it is possible to quickly remove all excess accumulated in the airways.
- The next stage is started after doctors understand that all sputum has been eliminated. Patients perform a series of special breathing exercises that remove nitrogen from tissues, as well as static exercises that help develop proper breathing.
- The third stage includes the introduction into the complex of more serious exercises, focused on a targeted load for the whole body, contributing to the formation of muscle stress. Thanks to such exercises, it is possible to improve the performance of patients, as well as restore the condition before moving on to the fourth stage of rehabilitation for bronchial asthma.
- The last stage includes the use of reflexology methods that contribute to improving the physical qualities of a person, helping to adequately adapt to environmental conditions. Additionally, exercises are prescribed that contribute to the development of endurance.
With the correct and consistent implementation of all stages of recovery, you can guarantee the patient a good state of health.
Medical rehabilitation for bronchial asthma
Drug recovery mainly includes the use of mucolytic drugs, bronchodilators, as well as hyposensitizing and anti-inflammatory drugs. To cleanse the bronchioles and bronchi from dense and sometimes vitreous mucus, mucolytics are used:
- acetylcysteine (“ACC”);
- Ambroxol (Ascoril, Lazolvan, Bromhexine);
- carbocysteine (Fluditec, Mukodin).
Bronchodilators help expand the lumen of the bronchi and relieve bronchospasm. During remission, it is recommended to use anticholinergics, as well as combined drugs ("Teopec", "Salmeterol", "Berodual"). The doctor selects the need for use and dosage individually.
During the rehabilitation period of patients with bronchial asthma, maintenance doses of antihistamines and anti-inflammatory drugs are prescribed. Since these two properties are found in glucocorticosteroids, it is often specialists who choose them. The use of such drugs as Flunisolid, Pulmicord and Budesonide is common.
In the case when the patient is allergic to non-steroidal drugs and salicylates, the use of hormones becomes the only option. Honey. rehabilitation for bronchial asthma is not the last place, since thanks to such therapy it is possible to quickly and efficiently return the patient to normal life. When drugs with a combined effect are used, the mucolytic and hyposensitizing effects are acquired simultaneously.
Therapeutic diet
A fundamental factor in rehabilitation is the diet, which is made up of hypoallergenic products. It's no secret that some foods can provoke hypersensitivity of varying intensity. Since asthma is more allergic in nature, the patient needs to exclude from the diet ingredients that can cause unwanted effects.
During rehabilitation for bronchial asthma, the patient needs to abandon:
- chicken eggs;
- seafood and fish;
- soybeans;
- wheat;
- milk;
- citrus fruits;
- honey;
- peanuts
- food, which contains dyes.
Asthmatics should be careful enough to drink alcohol, especially wine and beer, as well as smoked, pickled foods and dried fruits.
In the rehabilitation of patients with bronchial asthma, a hypoallergenic diet should include varieties of low-fat red meat, turkey meat, chicken, cereals, sour-milk products, berries and fruits. The daily volume of white bread for an adult is 300 g, and for babies this dose needs to be halved. Candies and sugar should be consumed as little as possible.
Compliance with such a diet is the key to a successful recovery. If asthmatics do not adhere to strict dietary restrictions, other control methods will not help defeat the disease.
Elimination of contacts with various allergens
Since one of the causes of the onset of the ailment is allergy, the important task of rehabilitation for bronchial asthma is to reduce contact with the problem substance. Feathers of birds, animal dander, house dust, plant pollen, fungus, household chemicals and other factors often provoke allergies. To stabilize the condition during asthma, the patient must be removed from contact with allergens.
In the case when a child or an adult does not tolerate house dust, it is required to remove all soft toys and carpets from housing. In a house where asthmatics live, you should constantly vacuum, ventilate the rooms and conduct wet cleaning. All fur products must be stored in covers, and feather pillows should be replaced with synthetic ones. If you are allergic to pets, you will need to say goodbye to the latter. If the frequency of attacks increases from flowering plants, then at this time it is better to move to where they do not grow.
Rehabilitation of children with bronchial asthma and adults involves eliminating household chemicals in aerosols and perfumes from use, since inhalation of volatile substances can provoke another bronchospasm. When the ailment provokes professional activity, you will have to change your job.
If asthmatics still can not get away from contact with allergens, then during the period of exacerbation, it is required to use a drug course prescribed by the doctor individually. However, often resorting to this is not worth it, since drugs can contribute to the development of side effects.
Respiratory gymnastics and physiotherapy exercises
The value of physical therapy for asthmatics is incredibly important. Such loads have a strengthening effect on the patient's body, develop strength, endurance and help to remove phlegm from the bronchi. If you follow the rehabilitation plan for bronchial asthma, then at this stage you need to go into remission, when 3-4 weeks have passed since the last attack. It is strictly forbidden to engage in stress without the permission of a doctor. All standards are set individually, taking into account the condition of the patient.
Disease exercises aimed at:
- to restore metabolic processes of the body;
- strengthening the muscles of the chest;
- improvement of lymph flow and blood circulation;
- improvement of immune forces;
- normalization of the nervous system.
In the process of their implementation, the patient needs to carefully monitor his breathing and not hold it, as this can provoke a new attack of suffocation. After the lesson is sure to take a cold shower.
Rehabilitation of patients with bronchial asthma should include respiratory gymnastics, which is done to cleanse the pathways of exudate and strengthen the diaphragm. With the regular implementation of such exercises, the walls of the vessels strengthen and the likelihood of allergen penetration decreases.
Ballooning is considered the most common breathing exercise. It can be performed both for children and adults. It forms high-quality diaphragmatic breathing in the patient and increases lung capacity. A similar effect can be obtained with breathing in the stomach. To do this, the patient takes a comfortable upright position and with each breath, inflates the stomach. Useful is breathing alternately left and right nostrils.
Swimming
People with asthma should be wary of visiting the pool, as the water in them is chlorinated. This can cause a serious allergic reaction. In the process of swimming, you need to give preference to such styles as breaststroke, butterfly stroke or crawl. Such options actively strengthen the muscles of the chest. If you hold your breath periodically at the time of swimming, you can well train your lungs.
Very useful is swimming in sea water. Therefore, it is highly recommended that these patients move to a permanent place of residence in coastal cities. If this is not possible, it is recommended that as often as possible to go on vacation to the southern regions.
Rehabilitation of children with bronchial asthma
Timely and correctly performed rehabilitation most often leads to a complete recovery. In order to free their child from a serious illness, parents need from an early age to involve him in physical education, active outdoor games and sports. The all-strengthening effect on the children's body has swimming, so parents need to pay special attention to this. Every year it is recommended to take the baby out for 3-4 weeks at sea.
Carrying out various measures for the rehabilitation of asthma, mothers and fathers need to know that babies are more susceptible to viral ailments that contribute to the development of bronchospasm.
In order not to provoke the appearance of asthma symptoms once again, the baby needs to be protected from contacts with sick family members and friends. The fewer times a child gets sick, the more likely they are to win the disease in the future forever. During the recovery period, you must strictly follow the recommendations of your doctor. It is important to remember that dieting, avoiding contact with allergens, massage and gymnastics are not able to replace the medical rehabilitation of children with bronchial asthma. Therefore, for proper therapy, it is required to use drugs that are prescribed by the attending physician. Only with an integrated approach can one achieve a positive result and be sure of further recovery.
The procedure for rehabilitation measures
Starting recovery, it is important to determine how to correctly and in what sequence to carry out all of the above activities. As a rule, the order is as follows:
- Ensure a safe environment and get rid of allergens in the community.
- For 3 weeks, smoothly switch to a new diet, balance the menu and completely eliminate prohibited foods.
- After getting used to the changed menu, physiotherapy exercises are required. The main thing is to regularly perform all the loads (it will take about two weeks to get used to).
- At moments of exertion, it is required to closely monitor breathing and gradually pay more and more attention to it. As a result, breathing exercises are introduced.
- After the condition improves, you can proceed to physiotherapy. The timing and order of the procedure is determined only by the doctor. He can offer other methods of rehabilitation of bronchial asthma, as well as choose an individual program for his patient.
When a disease appears, the recovery process is important. At the same time, the patient should try to reduce the dependence on his illness. All measures to improve health are carried out in many clinics of the country and are improved and added every year. The main advantage of rehabilitation methods is their safety, accessibility and simplicity.
Prevention
By implementing preventive measures, it is possible to prevent the occurrence of the disease, and if it already occurs, then significantly reduce its symptoms. In order to prevent exacerbation of the disease, you need:
- Eliminate contact with allergens.
- During flowering periods, leave for other regions.
- If work provokes asthma symptoms, change it.
- Carefully use all pharmacological preparations and initially be interested in the instructions.
- Try to strengthen the body and exercise.
- Take pharmacological preparations on time when they are prescribed.
- Often stay in the fresh air, and if necessary, then change the place of residence.
- Maintain optimal indoor temperature.
- Treat pathological and infectious diseases to prevent adverse effects.
- Try not to take alcohol.
- Visit your doctor periodically for an examination.