Let's start by determining what the disease is and how it appears in humans. In fact, many have heard about bronchitis. This is a common complication that occurs when a cold or flu is carried on your feet, or if a person does not receive proper treatment. The ailment, on the one hand, is well-known and simple, and on the other, very insidious. In the absence of proper treatment, it becomes chronic. And then getting rid of it will be almost impossible.
What is a
In the classic version, bronchitis is an inflammatory process in the bronchi. It is caused by viruses or bacteria. The entire respiratory system suffers, since inflammation covers the mucous membranes of the walls of the bronchi. Let's remember the human anatomy, then it will become clearer to you what we are talking about. The bronchi are a network of ducts whose common task is to conduct air from the larynx to the lungs. The disease is very unpleasant. Even with effective treatment, relief is difficult to achieve quickly. The disease disrupts air access to the lungs due to swelling of the bronchi and the separation of a large amount of mucus. Bronchodilator drugs for bronchitis can significantly alleviate the condition of the patient. Today we will analyze the most effective of them.
Types of bronchitis
In fact, there are two forms of bronchitis. Doctors diagnose acute or chronic bronchitis. However, experts are aware of another form that one has to deal with quite often. This is obstructive bronchitis, that is, a special form that involves blockage of the bronchi due to swelling of the mucous membrane. In the early stages, it is quite easily treatable, however, treatment cannot be delayed. In the later stages, obstruction becomes irreversible due to deformation and narrowing of the walls of the bronchi.
It is bronchodilator drugs for obstructive bronchitis that are the first helpers that can relieve swelling and restore breathing. This is especially important at night, when attacks of suffocation deprive sleep.
The broadest class of drugs
Why is bronchitis a threat to human life and health? Everything is quite simple here. Swelling and spasm of the bronchi lead to the development of suffocation symptoms. The degree of their severity may be different, however, in most cases, these symptoms need correction. Bronchodilator drugs for bronchitis help to quickly eliminate signs of suffocation and shortness of breath. That is why this class of drugs is used in therapeutic and pediatric practice very widely. It includes three groups of drugs. All of them treat the cause of spasm and affect the muscles of the bronchi, relaxing their muscles and facilitating the outflow of mucus. Do not forget that the appointment can only be done by the attending physician. Bronchodilator drugs for bronchitis are given strictly according to the prescription, as they can cause both benefit and harm.
Group One - Honolitics
This is a large class of drugs that have a common effect on the body. Honolitics are compounds that block peripheral nerve endings. These bronchodilator drugs for bronchitis are used for inhalation. Their big plus is that they do not penetrate the blood. By spraying the drug, the active substance is delivered to the bronchi. Many drugs belong to this group, but we will consider only those that have established themselves as effective helpers in the fight against the disease.
Atrovent for children and adults
This is the first drug from the above group, which is prescribed by doctors very often. So, what is Atrovent for inhalation? Instructions for use suggest that this is a modern bronchodilator drug that blocks nerve endings and thereby relieves swelling and facilitates the outflow of mucus and air movement. The drug prevents bronchospasm, which occurs as a result of inhalation of smoke or cold air.
How does Atrovent for inhalation work? Instructions for use emphasize that the drug has virtually no systemic effect. In theory, it can lead to the development of tachycardia, but in practice, this will require approximately 500 doses of the drug. Even if swallowed, it is practically not absorbed in the intestines.
Using it is very simple. To do this, you need to make a deep long entrance and at the same time press the valve head and enter the aerosol. After this, breathing, you need to hold your breath for 10 seconds, then slowly exhale through your nose. Only one press of the valve is necessary at a time, and no more than four sprays per day.
The drug begins about 15 minutes after spraying the aerosol. The maximum effect develops after a half or two hours. The duration of the effect is average, about 6 hours. Atrovent (aerosol) is one of the most popular drugs for treating severe bronchitis. This is due not only to its effectiveness. Doctors well know how important a good sleep is for the patient. Therefore, long-acting bronchodilators are widely used in the evening.
Solution for inhalation "Ipratropium native"
More recently, it would have been proposed to use it for classical inhalation, which in itself is a rather effective method of combating bronchitis. "Ipratropium native" is an effective and inexpensive tool that helps to cope with a variety of forms of this ailment.
Today, nebulizers have appeared on sale, which allow you to spray the smallest particles of the drug directly on the bronchi. Alveoli carry the resulting drug throughout the respiratory system. They are not cheap, but significantly increase the effectiveness of treatment.
The dosage of this drug for injection is individual, do not forget to consult your doctor.
Adrenomimetic Group
And we turn to the consideration of the second large group of drugs with which you can effectively deal with bronchitis of various etiologies. Representatives of this class selectively affect respiratory receptors. They are available in syrups and tablets, for injection, but the main method of treatment is inhalation. However, we already managed to talk about aerosols a bit, so let's take the following drug as an example.
"Fenoterol" in tablets
This is a quick and lasting drug. He is able to eliminate bronchospasm in 10-15 minutes. The effect lasts up to six hours, after which the dosage should be repeated. This is an effective bronchodilator for the prevention and relief of bronchospasm attacks. The drug prevents the reduction of smooth muscles and contributes to the bronchodilator effect. In addition, it helps to reduce the inflammatory process.
"Fenoterol" is used to correct attacks of bronchial asthma, with pneumonia, and also as a bronchodilator before inhalation of antibiotics or mucolytics. The dosage is selected individually, the standard dose is the ingestion of 1-2 tablets, 4 times a day. The maximum dose is 8 tablets per day.
Bronchodilator drug "Berodual"
It belongs to the same group as the previous drug. Only the form differs, in this case it is not tablets, but a solution for inhalation. Transparent, almost colorless, with a faint smell. Indications for use are the prevention and treatment of chronic, obstructive respiratory diseases. It can be bronchial asthma, chronic bronchitis.
Treatment is best done in a hospital or treatment room. At home, treatment can only begin after consultation with a specialist. Usually aerosol preparations (if used correctly) give a lower dosage of the active substance. Therefore, they are more preferred. However, if the dosage cannot be increased, and treatment does not give an effect, then the inhaled "Berodual" is used.
For children under 6 years of age, this drug is not prescribed, or the dosage is selected individually by the attending pediatrician. Students from 6 to 12 years old can receive treatment with the help of inhalation with this solution. In this case, the dosage will vary from 10 to 40 drops per procedure. For adults and the elderly, one therapeutic dose is 20 to 50 drops. In the most severe cases, it can reach 80 drops.
Children's bronchitis requires a special approach
Indeed, when a child is ill, it is necessary to take a more careful approach to correcting this condition, since too strong drugs can affect the development of a young body. However, another extreme can lead to the fact that the disease will become chronic. Of all the dosage forms, Clenbuterol syrup is more preferred in this case. Instructions for use for children emphasize that up to 6 years of age it is not prescribed. Older than the specified age, the drug is prescribed in a dosage of 15 ml 2-3 times a day. After improvement, a maintenance dose is prescribed, that is, 10 ml 2 times a day. Syrup is the most convenient form for treating children, because it has a pleasant taste, because of which there are no problems with taking the drug.
This drug belongs to long-acting adrenostimulants. The effect is observed approximately 30 minutes after administration, and lasts up to 8-10 hours. Pediatricians recommend using it at night so that cramping and excruciating cough does not plague the child at night.
Methylxanthines
In therapeutic and especially pediatric practice, they are used much less frequently. The reason is simple - a negative side effect on the cardiovascular system. This is manifested primarily by palpitations, hypertension, and also insomnia. One of the most popular representatives of this group is theophylline. Doctors prescribe it if safer bronchodilators do not give the desired effect. Or, there is another use case, as an addition to anticholinergics, to prevent night attacks.
Folk remedies
It is immediately worth noting that it will not be possible to quickly eliminate the spasm with herbs and tinctures. However, in the case of prolonged and systematic treatment, medicinal decoctions have a positive effect on human health. As antispasmodics, chamomile and valerian, St. John's wort are usually prescribed. However, therapists know a terrific collection that helps even in the most severe cases. To prepare it, you will need chamomile and peppermint, cyanosis blue and St. John's wort, motherwort and valerian. The first three components are taken in 2 parts, and the last - in one.
A tablespoon of the mixture is poured 200 g of boiling water, the resulting mixture is insisted for 40 minutes. The resulting glass of infusion is drunk during the day, divided into 4 doses. Calendula and oregano, dandelion and burdock, lilac and currant, as well as pine, are your helpers in the fight against bronchitis. Do not forget that consulting a physician before starting treatment is mandatory. Self-diagnosis and prescribing medications for yourself can lead to sad consequences.