In the article, we consider the names of antibiotics for skin infections.
Derma is the largest organ in the human body. The skin has a special anatomical structure, which determines its sensitivity to external and internal effects. Diseases of the epidermis can be both infectious and non-infectious. Damage to the skin with infectious pathogens can lead to the development of various dermatological diseases. Infection can be triggered by fungi, viruses, parasites or bacteria. Quite often, dermatological diseases cause severe discomfort to the patient, as they appear externally. Doctors prescribe antibiotics for skin infections in conjunction with antibacterial drugs for local use.
Antibiotic prescription
Preparations for local use based on antibacterial substances are prescribed for the treatment of dermatological pathologies, the appearance of which is provoked by harmful microorganisms. The following infections are considered the most common diseases of the dermis:
- Pemphigus in newborns.
- Erysipelas.
- Atrophic acrodermatitis in a chronic form.
- Lymphocytoma
- Impetigo herpetiform.
- Lupus erythematosus in subacute and acute form.
- Lichen planus.
- Scleroderma of limited and diffuse type.
- Eczema.
- Furunculosis.
- Injuries that have been infected.
The listed diseases can develop not only due to damage by bacteria, but also under the influence of other infectious pathogens, whether it is a fungus or parasitic infestation. Antibiotics for skin infections can be prescribed even after skin injury, when there is a risk of infection of the wound. In this case, drugs are prescribed as a prophylactic.
Treatment of infections can be combined and include both local use of ointments, and the use of antibiotics in tablet form. The appointment depends on the severity of the course of the infectious disease and the physiological characteristics of the patient.
You can not independently interrupt antibiotic treatment for skin infections without significant reasons. If you do not complete the course of therapy, a relapse of the disease is possible, while the causative agents of the infection will develop resistance to the drugs they are taking. Pathogenic microorganisms quite quickly lose their sensitivity to the components of the drug, so in the process of treatment it is necessary to achieve their complete destruction. Therefore, the prescribed course of therapy should be completed, even if there are no signs of the disease after half the allotted time.
Treating children
Diseases that appear in adult patients are characteristic in most cases for children. It is far from always advisable to prescribe a child topical antibiotic-based drugs for skin infections. In childhood, taking such medications can cause irreparable harm to a fragile body, so the doctor makes an appointment after a full examination. Most often, a highly specialized antibiotic is preferred, and a wide range of uses is not welcomed by pediatricians. For the correct appointment, the doctor needs to determine the diagnosis and detect the presence of the sensitivity of the infectious pathogen to a specific antibiotic.
It is very important to conduct a special test before starting treatment. A small amount of a liquid antibiotic (for infections in children) is applied to the skin and left for some time. An allergic test will make it possible to secure the use of antibiotics in the treatment of dermatological pathologies.
Penicillins
To date, quite a few antibiotics are known for skin infections, but penicillins are the most common for the treatment of dermatological diseases of an infectious nature. The most commonly prescribed drugs from this group are penicillin derivatives such as ampicillin, amoxicillin and oxacillin.
These antibiotics for the treatment of skin infections have a wide spectrum of action and are able to affect most pathogens. Drugs from the penicillin discharge have a moderate effect on the kidneys and liver, while promoting the absorption and distribution of substances in the body. The most common drugs in this group are:
- Amoxiclav. It is a combined preparation based on amoxicillin and clavulanic acid as active components. The effect of the drug is prolonged, it does not adversely affect the functioning of the gastrointestinal tract. The antibiotic is active against enterococci, staphylococci, gonococci and streptococci. The course of taking the drug reaches two weeks. Amoxiclav cannot be prescribed for hepatitis, icteric syndrome, infectious mononucleosis, lymphocytic leukemia, as well as for increased sensitivity to penicillins. Against the background of taking an antibiotic, the development of such adverse reactions as dyspepsia, skin allergy, nausea, and dizziness are possible. The drug is taken in the morning and evening, one tablet. Dosage is selected individually.
- "Augmentin." Also, a broad-spectrum drug from the penicillin group. It has a detrimental effect on microbes, viruses and bacteria. The active ingredients are identical to Amoxiclav. Indications for admission, as well as dosage, also coincide in both drugs. "Augmentin" is forbidden to appoint a child under the age of three months. In addition to the adverse reactions listed in the previous case, taking an antibiotic can cause colitis and swelling. The drug is also not prescribed during pregnancy and breastfeeding.
What other antibiotics for infections in adults and children are effective?
Tetracyclines
If, for any reason, the appointment of penicillins is not possible, tetracyclines, which also have a detrimental effect on the harmful microflora, can come to replace them. This group of antibiotics is active against viruses, spirochetes and rickettsia. The most common drugs to date are the following:
- Doxycycline. Shows a high degree of efficiency. The active component is doxycycline hydrochloride. The drug is prescribed including to eliminate infectious lesions of the skin. On the first day of taking "Doxycycline" is taken in the morning and in the evening, then the dosage is one tablet per day. The course of treatment reaches one week. The antibiotic is contraindicated in case of liver failure, lactose intolerance, hypersensitivity to tetracyclines, under the age of 12 years and against a background of low white blood cell count. Undesirable reactions to taking the drug can manifest as nausea, diarrhea, dizziness, an allergic reaction, and soreness in the abdomen.
- "Minocycline." The drug is semi-synthetic in origin. It has an anti-inflammatory effect. Minocycline acts as an active component. The drug is taken one tablet one hour before a meal or two hours after, in the morning and in the evening. You can not assign "Minocycline" to children under 8 years of age, as well as to pregnant women and with a detected sensitivity of the body to the components of the drug. Adverse reactions are manifested in the form of dyspepsia, allergies, headaches and dizziness.
What antibiotic for skin infections is better to choose, the doctor will tell.
Cephalosporins
These antibiotics affect most gram-negative and gram-positive microorganisms. In the therapeutic regimen when taking this group of antibiotics, drugs that support the intestinal microflora, as well as hepatoprotectors, are included. The drugs in this group include:
- Ceftriaxone. Is a third-generation antibiotic. It has a pronounced anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial effect, inhibits tissue production by pathogenic cells. The active ingredient is ceftriaxone. The antibiotic is made in the form of a powder, which is mixed with saline and administered intramuscularly. Intravenous administration is also allowed. Adverse reactions to the use of the drug are nausea, diarrhea, allergies, swelling, thrush, headache, dizziness and flatulence.
- Cephalexin. It has a bactericidal, antiviral and anti-inflammatory effect. Cephalexin acts as an active component. The drug is often prescribed for the treatment of skin diseases of an infectious nature. The antibiotic is taken half an hour before meals or an hour after, in the morning and in the evening for a week to 14 days.
What antibiotics to take for skin infections are not known to everyone.
Macrolides
When an infectious disease of the dermis is accompanied by the formation of pustules, antibiotics from the macrolide group are prescribed. They are successfully combined with tetracyclines and are quite effective, but are rarely prescribed, since they have a pronounced negative effect on the body. Below are the most common drugs in this group ..
"Azithromycin"
It belongs to the category of azalides and has a pronounced anti-inflammatory, bactericidal and antiviral effect. The drug is rapidly absorbed and penetrates the epidermis. The active component of the antibiotic is azithromycin. The drug is taken once a day for 5-7 days. Dosage is selected individually. Caution should be taken in patients with kidney disease. Adverse reactions to taking an antibiotic can be nausea, diarrhea, bloating, and soreness in the abdomen.
Erythromycin
It is active against many bacteria and viruses. Combined with streptomycin and tetracyclines. The drug is taken twice a day, in a dosage not exceeding 2 g. The course of treatment can be from one week to two. The drug is contraindicated during pregnancy and during breastfeeding, as well as against the background of deafness, kidney and liver diseases. Adverse reactions may be accompanied by dizziness, nausea and vomiting, diarrhea, icteric syndrome and allergies.
Topical preparations
In some cases, in addition to the tablet form, ointments based on antibiotics against skin infections are also prescribed. The use of the drug locally eliminates skin manifestations such as itching, pain, dryness and the formation of wounds. The following are the names of antibacterial ointments.
Baneocin
It has a prolonged action. Effective against gram-positive microorganisms. The composition includes two active components - neomycin sulfate and bacitracin. The ointment is applied to the affected areas of the skin up to three times a day. A dressing with an ointment is allowed. The course of treatment is up to 14 days. Ointment is contraindicated in case of extensive lesions of the dermis, kidney diseases, and against the background of hypersensitivity.
Bactroban
Broad-spectrum antibiotic. Ointment stops the reproduction and development of pathogenic microflora. The drug is especially effective against streptococci, staphylococci, morahel, hemophilic bacillus, etc. The composition of the drug includes mupirocin. The ointment is applied in a thin layer on the affected areas of the skin with a cotton swab. Then covered with a bandage. This antibiotic helps with skin infections on the face quickly.
The most common reactions to the use of antibacterial ointments are dry skin and an allergic reaction in the form of itching and rash.
Reviews
Experts do not recommend the use of antibiotics as monotherapy in the treatment of dermatological diseases of infectious origin. The therapeutic regimen should also be supplemented with antihistamines, vitamin complexes, drugs to normalize the intestinal microflora , etc.
Patients generally respond positively to the effect of antibiotics in the treatment of skin problems. Medicines with antibacterial and anti-inflammatory effects help to quickly cope with eczema and dermatitis caused by infection.
Especially a lot of reviews are found on the treatment of rashes on the face with antibiotics. This therapy must be agreed with the doctor, since all of the above drugs have a number of contraindications and possible adverse reactions. In addition, it is important to accurately determine the cause of the infection and identify the pathogen, since the choice of antibiotic will depend on this.
Prescribing Probiotics
Modern antibiotics no longer require the use of probiotics or prebiotics to normalize the digestive tract. However, many doctors still advise not to neglect drugs such as Linex, Acipol or Lactofiltrum during antibiotic treatment.
We examined which antibiotics for skin infections are most effective.