Sinusitis is a very insidious disease that does not always go unnoticed by the body. Sometimes the inflammatory process of the sinuses affects neighboring tissues, which can cause very negative consequences in the form of headache, frontal sinusitis and fever. In this case, the puncture of the maxillary sinuses is inevitable. The consequences of a puncture with sinusitis are very different. This procedure does not guarantee a complete cure for the disease, and in some cases the operation has to be repeated.
When should a puncture be made?
Sinusitis is formed due to an infectious process that takes place in one or both of the maxillary sinuses. During the disease, purulent discharge accumulates for a long time in a confined space, and the treatment of the disease is to ensure the exit of nasal secretion from the maxillary sinuses. If it is not possible to achieve adequate drainage, then a puncture is made.
A maxillary sinus puncture is prescribed only after a thorough x-ray examination, when there are all the necessary indications for the operation.
During the operation, the needle is groped for the thinnest place in the medial wall of the sinus and a puncture is made. Immediately after this, the nose is washed with antiseptic solutions, which increases the effectiveness of the operation several times.
It is performed quite simply and in several stages a puncture with sinusitis. Does it hurt? This question worries most patients, and therefore they continue conservative treatment to the last. During the puncture, the patient does not experience pain, since the operation is carried out only under anesthesia. And the consequences of a puncture with sinusitis are not always as sad as it seems to many patients. If you go through all the procedures recommended by your doctor and proper rehabilitation, then negative consequences, as a rule, do not arise.
A puncture for sinusitis is an extreme procedure and is most often used in cases where the patient is in serious condition, and other methods of treatment do not help. At the advanced stage of the disease, the patient feels severe headaches, discomfort in the maxillary sinuses. Sinusitis, which is trying to cure the patient, does not pass for a long time (more than 10 days), despite the ongoing medical treatment. The degree of development of the disease, fluid level and the presence of blood secretions are determined by X-ray examination, computed tomography.
A puncture allows not only to facilitate breathing, but also to take material for analysis, which makes it possible to establish the causative agent of the disease, which subsequently helps to conduct effective antibiotic therapy.
At the very beginning of the disease, when the disease is catarrhal (that is, without purulent discharge, the inflammatory process causes only swelling of the nasopharynx and complicates the breathing process), sinusitis can be treated with the medication method, and a puncture in this situation is not required.
Puncture of the maxillary sinuses: how is the operation performed?
A puncture of sinusitis is not a harmless procedure, and it is used only in extreme cases. First of all, local anesthesia is performed before the procedure. Most often, Tetracain, Lidocaine 4% is used here, a combination of anesthetic with a vasoconstrictor can be administered.
To anesthetize, a swab treated with the drug abundantly is introduced into the nose, and during the procedure the patient does not feel pain, but an unpleasant crunch of bone tissue is felt. After the anesthesia works, the needle of the otorhinolaryngologist Kulikovsky is inserted into the sinus. This is a tubular device with thick walls and a cannula at the end. Curved in the distal section. The cannula is docked with a syringe, then it is groped for the thinnest place in the maxillary sinus and punctured.
After invisible and correct manipulations, the surgeon makes sure that the needle is in the lumen of the sinus, after which an antiseptic is injected with a syringe, which dilutes the pus and helps to release the secret. The maxillary sinus is washed out until the discharge from the nose becomes transparent. The puncture procedure for sinusitis is completed.
Contraindications for surgery
Do I need a puncture for sinusitis? This question can only be solved by a doctor based on the picture of the disease. Contraindication to a puncture is somatic diseases and the early age of the patient (infants). Do not have surgery for infectious sinusitis, which is in the acute stage of development. The prohibition for a puncture is undeformed sufficiently bony nasal sinuses. They also do not perform surgery for abnormalities in the development of the nasal cavity and maxillary sinuses. It is not advised to do a puncture if the patient is in serious condition, which was a consequence of the development of chronic diseases.
So, whether to pierce sinusitis (or not), only a doctor can decide based on the general condition of the patient.
Consequences of a puncture
Negative phenomena after a puncture occur quite rarely. Usually these are nosebleeds, which are explained by trauma to blood vessels during surgery. Often these phenomena are not continuous and pass within a few days.
Due to the physiological features of the structure of the skull, a puncture of the orbit wall, as well as the cheek, may occur. The antibiotics prescribed by the doctor after surgery help prevent the deterioration of health in this situation and prevent the development of infection.
Complications after a puncture can occur when air enters the tissue of the nasal cavity. If air enters the maxillary cavity with pus, the situation becomes unfavorable for the patient. As in the previous case, the use of antibiotics helps, which prevents the negative consequences.
If pus or air enters the blood vessels, including the orbit, phlegmon or abscess may form, blindness, blockage of blood vessels and even death of the patient may occur.
If a nose is blocked after a sinusitis is punctured, then you should use anti-inflammatory nasal agents or rinse the nose. Also, after surgery, the head may hurt or a frontal sinusitis may appear. Sometimes the temperature rises. After a sinusitis is punctured, this picture is observed if there is remnants of pus or if there is an infection in the sinuses. Within three days after the puncture, the body temperature decreases and returns to normal.
To prevent possible complications, the patient should undergo a radiography of the paranasal sinuses during surgery.
Treatment and rehabilitation of the patient after a puncture
What to do after a puncture of sinusitis? This question worries many patients. The answer is simple: you need to carry out further treatment and rehabilitation.
As a rule, sinusitis after a puncture leaves behind some of the microbes, and in order to overcome them, the doctor prescribes a course of antibiotics. If there is a temperature, then antibacterial drops and sprays are dripped into the nasal passages. The best are the drugs "Polydex" and "Isofra."
At high temperatures, antipyretic drugs such as Nise, Nurofen and Paracetamol are prescribed. Often, penicillin-type antibiotics are used in the treatment, which have a wide spectrum of action. In order to remove inflammation in the nose, vasoconstrictors are prescribed. The remains of the mucous and purulent secretions are removed by washing the sinuses with antiseptic solutions.
The rehabilitation period after a sinusitis puncture is simply necessary for patients, and at this time all the doctor’s prescriptions must be observed. Immunity should be actively strengthened, overfatigue and hypothermia should be avoided. Eat properly and fully, try to avoid possible complications.
Prevention of sinusitis after a puncture
The consequences of a puncture with sinusitis are very rarely negative, mainly this procedure helps people, facilitates breathing and eliminates constant nasal congestion. In order to prevent the return of this disease in the future, preventive measures should be taken after the puncture.
Do not start treatment for the common cold, and you need to try to get rid of it at the first sign. In this case, washing with brine helps well. They are recommended to be carried out after work, when the whole day was spent in a dusty room. Do not forget that after a puncture of sinusitis, before instillation of vasoconstrictor drops, the nose should be washed.
It is worth paying attention to the condition of tooth enamel and treating teeth in time, since an infection from the oral cavity can easily penetrate the nose. Particular attention should be paid to immunity, to eat properly and balanced, to include foods rich in vitamins and minerals in the diet, to drink multivitamin complexes in spring and autumn. Physical activity, proper breathing, swimming, skiing will help.
After agreement with the doctor, folk remedies can be used to prevent sinusitis. Use herbal decoctions and onion freshly squeezed juice for washing. It is useful to instill aloe or Kalanchoe in your nose . Sniffing horseradish and garlic. Rub the nose and nose wings with mustard oil.
Positive and negative sides
The consequences of a puncture with sinusitis can have both positive and negative sides. The disadvantages of this operation include the likelihood of negative consequences. Both doctors and patients try to avoid them, but sometimes they appear. The best solution in this situation is to consult a qualified doctor.
If the puncture was done successfully, and the treatment and rehabilitation took place taking into account all the recommendations of the doctor, then the patient's condition improves markedly. Removal of pus from the sinuses reduces the course and dosage of the antibiotics used, and the patient quickly recovers. The hole made in the bone wall is delayed for about a month and usually does not cause complications.
The course of antibiotics, antihistamines and anti-inflammatory drugs helps to avoid side effects and does not necessitate the use of additional treatment methods.
Treatment of sinusitis without punctures
Sinusitis, like many other diseases, should be treated in a timely manner. If the disease is in a chronic stage, then the treatment of sinusitis without punctures will not do. Another thing, when the disease is in the initial stage of development, in this case, you can safely try medication. Its duration depends on the symptoms of the disease.
Local treatment is based on the use of vasoconstrictor drugs, relieving swelling of the nasal sinuses, and improving the ventilation system in them. Such drops include Rinostop, Galazolin, Nazivin, Xylen and other means. Nasal preparations are dripped into the nose from 3 to 5 times for no more than five days. You can abundantly soak cotton swabs with these products and put them in your nose for 5 minutes. Such treatment is prescribed if sinusitis occurs as a result of complications after respiratory diseases.
Also, with sinusitis, a number of ointments can be used, such as oxolinic, ichthyol or Vishnevsky ointment. Antibiotics are able to overcome the microorganisms that caused the development of the disease. The most common are: Macropen, Azithromycin, Isofra, Augmentin. It must be remembered that antibiotics should be prescribed only by a doctor, taking into account the characteristics of the course of the disease.
You can treat sinusitis with home remedies. This is, first of all, inhalations, regular washing of the nose, the use of drops on an oil and vegetable basis, application of compresses, massage of the maxillary sinuses.
Reviews of people about a puncture with sinusitis
As many patients note, a puncture for sinusitis is a very effective procedure, especially in cases where the disease has acquired a neglected form. Patients almost immediately feel relief. The procedure relieves them of headaches, pus and other congestive phenomena.
Before the operation, the patient is anesthetized, and if there are no complications, then the patient is allowed to go home with all the necessary recommendations. For some, the puncture is painless, for others, after the operation, negative phenomena occur, chronic sinusitis, and frontal sinus are worried. There are people who have been punctured several times in a row after surgery.
Someone notes the illiteracy of doctors and the operation at a time when anesthesia has not yet worked. In general, if the puncture is performed correctly, in compliance with all necessary rules, side effects do not occur.
Sinusitis without puncture
Many people treat sinusitis without a puncture (patient reviews describe the methods by which they achieved a positive result). To do this, they use antibiotics, vasoconstrictor nasal drops. Sinuforte, Polydex, Klacid 500 and Sinupred preparations help. They are washed with salt water, the cuckoo method is especially popular. Often, in the treatment of sinusitis, physical therapy, hirudotherapy are prescribed, a yamik catheter is used. Folk remedies are especially effective. Buried juice of beets, aloe, Kalanchoe, juice of mad cucumber, tincture of chicory. Other treatment methods are also used.
If the disease is not left to chance, and treated from the very first days, then sinusitis can be eliminated without a puncture. Most people, using modern medicines and folk remedies, managed to defeat sinusitis and avoided a puncture. Some only once did a puncture, but without negative consequences. These patients were satisfied with the results. A certain part of patients claims that after they had surgery, they had to make punctures almost every year.
Is it possible to do with a sinusitis without a puncture? Of course, yes, if the treatment is carried out in a timely manner, it is simply impossible to do without a puncture in the advanced stage. In any case, the decision should be made by the attending physician.